川西热香铜矿地质—地球化学找矿模型

热香铜矿位于乡城大断裂上盘娘拥复向斜次级旺央向斜核部,赋存于花岗闪长岩岩墙中。通过对矿体,矿石以及成矿岩体的常微量元素化学成分特征的研究,初步认为热香铜矿是由于陆内走滑作用,岩浆沿断裂进一步侵位形成热液铜矿床。在综合研究的基础上建立了热香铜矿的地质—地球化学找矿模型。

川西热香铜矿含矿花岗岩地球化学特征及成因初探

热香铜矿位于乡城大断裂上盘娘拥复向斜次级旺央向斜核部,是川西地区新发现铜矿床,成因上与二长花岗岩密切相关.热香含矿岩体地球化学特征表现为富集Rb,Th,U和Ta,而Ba,Sr,Ti强烈亏损.稀土元素总量较高,轻稀土相对富集,分馏程度较重,负Eu异常显著(δEu=0.08～0.21).而通过微量元素构造环境投图、成岩年龄及区域构造环境演化历史分析,初步认为热香含矿二长花岗岩是在喜马拉雅期陆内造山阶段(65～15 Ma)由于陆内走滑作用,岩浆在板内裂陷环境中引发地壳浅部岩石大规模熔融侵位而成.

‘热曲’香彩雀的特征特性及其在崇明区的安全生产技术

‘热曲’香彩雀具有花色多样、种植简便、分枝性强、株型饱满、能耐40℃以上高温、旱涝皆通、花期持久的特点。该品种在上海市崇明区以一年生草本栽培为主,可采取春、秋二季播种繁苗,每667 m2移栽密度为6 000~8 000株,移栽后可通过加强肥水管理、及时清除田间杂草、科学进行光温管理、植株整理和病虫害防控等技术,实现‘热曲’香彩雀在崇明区的正常生长。

香附、莱菔子热奄包作用于胃肠起搏点在无痛肠镜检查后腹胀中的疗效观察

目的探讨香附、莱菔子热奄包作用于胃肠起搏点在无痛肠镜检查后腹胀中的作用。方法选取2021年4月至2023年4月于九江市中医医院行无痛肠镜检查后伴有腹胀的120例患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组(60例)和观察组(60例)。对照组患者采取常规护理,观察组患者在常规护理基础上加用香附、莱菔子热奄包干预。比较两组腹胀程度、症状恢复情况、舒适度以及护理满意度。结果干预前,两组患者腹胀程度评分、舒适度评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组腹胀程度评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组初次肛门排气时间、腹胀缓解时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,观察组Kolcaba的舒适状况量表(GCQ)中社会文化、心理舒适等维度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者满意度中专业技能、护理态度、基本介绍、应答服务、护理效果、需求满足以及满意度总分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在无痛肠镜检查后腹胀患者中采取香附、莱菔子热奄包干预,可缓解患者腹胀程度,加快其症状恢复,有助于提升患者舒适度,患者对护理方式更加满意。

Study on Processing of Clear Banana Juice Using Hot Water Extraction Method

In this study, the effects of hot water temperature on clarity, total soluble solids, polyphenol oxidase （PPO） and color of banana juice during hot water ex-traction were discussed based on the theory in which heat treatment might induce the pectin and protein in banana pulp to form insoluble products. The results showed the hot water temperature had a significant effect on the formation of insol-uble polymers in banana pulp from pectin and protein. In 75 ℃ water, the pectin and protein in banana pulp were most inclined to form insoluble products. Under this condition, the clarity of banana juice was also highest. The light transmittance at 660 nm was close to 90%. In the banana juice, extracted by 75 ℃ water, the pectin and protein contents were lowest, and they were lower than 7.3 mg/100 ml and 12.9 mg/100 ml respectively. The 75 ℃ water could not inactivate completely the pectin in banana pulp due to its high heat resistance, Therefore, 0.05% L-cys-teine or ascorbic acid needed to be added into banana pulp to inhibit the browning of juice induced by residual PPO.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation under simulated coal seam pyrolysis conditions

Coal seam pyrolysis occurs during coal seam fires and during underground coal gasification. This is an important source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon （PAH） emission in China. Pyrolysis in a coal seam was simulated in a tubular furnace. The 16 US Environmental Protection Agency priority controlled PAHs were analyzed by HPLC. The effects of temperature, heating rate, pyrolysis atmosphere, and coal size were investigated. The results indicate that the 3-ring PAHs AcP and AcPy are the main species in the pyrolysis gas. The 2-ring NaP and the 4-ring Pyr are also of concern. Increasing temperature caused the total PAH yield to go through a minimum. The lowest value was obtained at the temperature of 600℃. Higher heating rates promote PAH formation, especially formation of the lower molecular weight PAHs. The typical heating rate in a coal seam, 5 ℃/min, results in intermediate yields of PAHs. The total PAHs yield in an atmosphere of N2 is about 1.81 times that seen without added N2, which indicates that an air flow through the coal seam accelerates the formation of PAHs. An increase in coal particle size reduces the total PAHs emission but promotes the formation of 5- and f-ring PAHs.

Spatial Variation of the Characteristics of Urban Heat Island Effect in Hong Kong

Recent studies by the Hong Kong Observatory show that the urban centre of Hong Kong has considerable Urban Heat Island （UHI） effect that arises from the different thermal properties between urban and the surrounding rural areas. The studies have also shown that the urban-rural temperature difference or UHI intensity in the urban centre of Hong Kong can be greater than 10℃. However, the characteristics of UHI in Hong Kong would not be unique were it not for its complex topography and the significant spatial variation in the degree of urbanization within the territory. Making use of the extensive spatial coverage of the automatic weather stations operated by the Observatory, this study attempts to document the spatial variation of the characteristics of UHI effect in Hong Kong in summer and winter through cases studies. Cases in summer and winter with meteorological conditions typical for high UHI effect （that is, clear sky, light wind and stable atmospheric condition） are selected for the study. The characteristics of UHI effect in terms of the daytime warming rates, nocturnal cooling rates and diurnal temperature ranges at the selected automatic weather stations are analysed. The territory of Hong Kong is then classified into different categories according to the identified characteristics with a view to portraying the spatial morphology of UHI effect in Hong Kong.

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Aroma Profile of Myrrh and Its Thermal Variation

The authors examined the thermal change in the aroma profile of myrrh. The fresh odor of raw myrrh and its hexane extract depended on the amount of （E）-13-ocimene. Myrrh was extracted with hexane to avoid inducing changes in the constituents and odor. The main constituent, （E）-L3-ocimene （group A; low boiling point）, and the other constituents （group B; high boiling point） of the hexane extract were separated by bulb-to-bulb distillation. The constituents of groups A and B were analyzed over time by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and the odors were evaluated. Myrrh＇s odor depended on both the amount of thermally unstable （E）-[3-ocimene, which contributed to the fresh odor, and the constituents of group B （thermally stable）, which contributed to the myrrh-like odor. Six compounds （c^-santalene, （Z）-a-bisabolene, c^-bergamotene, （E）-ct-santalal, c^-photosantalol and campherenol） were isolated from group B. No individual group B component had a myrrh-like odor, although the combined odor of group B was myrrh like. The authors demonstrated that the aroma profile of myrrh depends on the thermal instability of （E）-^-ocimene and a combination of six thermally stable terpenes with similar molecular structures.

Preparation, Characterization, and Comparison of Thermal Properties of Aromatic Polyether Imides

Two aromatic polyimides were prepared by two- step way. Firstly, the poly（amic acid）s were synthesized from 1, 3 - bis（4 - aminophenoxy）benzene and two different aromatic dianhydrides. Secondly, polyimides were prepared via thermal imidization of poly（amic acid） precursors. The polyimides prepared were insoluble in common organic solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, chloroform and N, N- dimethyiformamide. The inherent viscosities of poly（amic acid）s were 1.82 dL/g and 2.67 dL/g. The high inherent viscosities were due to the strong intra- or intermolecular hydrogen interaction. The polyimides were characterized by mechanical and thermal analysis. It was found that the samples are of excellent thermal stability, higher glass-transition temperature and excellent dynamic mechanical and thermal properties.

Pyrolysis of Banana and Coffee Residues after Acid Hydrolysis

The use of the residues from renewable feedstock, besides the production of fuels, but also for the generation of other chemicals products, has become a priority. Superior plants have considerable potential as carbohydrate, aryl and fatty acids sources. However, the separation of the main constituents of the samples is necessary for several purposes in the biorefinery concept. The acid hydrolysis and pyrolysis processes are very promising technology, however, some adjustments in the conditions of pyrolysis are needed for different biomasses since carbohydrates were detected （14%-17%） in the residues after the conventional acid hydrolysis of these uncommon biomasses （coffee husk and banana stem and stalk）. On the other hand, it was showed that, by pyrolysis, it is possible to obtain from the solid residue after acid hydrolysis： pyrogenic carbon （charcoal with a yield of 48.5%-52.7%） for agriculture use （biochar） and valuable chemicals in the pyrolysis oil biooil fraction （that accounted by 26.4%-29.0%, free of water）, such as lignin monomers （32.6%-56.4% of the bio-oil） and fatty acids （30%-52.5%）.

Analysis of factors influencing moxibustion efficacy by affecting heat-activated transient receptor potential vanilloid channels

Moxibustion is an important component part of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM).Among different kinds of moxibustion methods,thermal stimulation seems to be a pivotal impact factor to the theraputic efficacy.Based on its thermal characteristic and treated area-skin,we hypothesize that the thermosensitive TRPV channels may involve in the mechanism of moxibustion.This study,by referring to various experimental and clinical data,analyzes the properties and features of transient receptor potential vanilloid(TRPV)subfamily 1-4 and the impact of moxibustion on these channels.The factors impacting the efficacy of moxibustion treatment were analyzed on three levels:the independent ba-sic factors of moxibustion(temperature,space and time);moxibustion intensity(a compound factor achieved through comprehensive control of the three individual basic factors mentioned above);and moxibustion quantity(the amount of temperature stimulation applied within a certain unit of time,including the total amount of moxibustion treatment).The results from present study show that the effect of moxibustion therapy appears to be determined by the activation of TRPV1-4,mainly TRPV1 and TRPV2.Temperature(the degree of heat stimulation),time and area(how long the treatment lasts and how many TRPV1-4 channels are activated)affect the intensity of moxibustion treatment to form effective moxibustion quantity;this should be considered in clinical moxibustion application.

Soil Microbiological and Biochemical Properties as Affected by Different Long-Term Banana-Based Rotations in the Tropics

Soil microbiological and biochemical properties under various field crop rotations such as grains, pastures and vegetables have been studied intensively under short-term period. However, there is limited information about the influence of banana-based rotations on soil organic C, total N(TN), microbial biomasses and enzyme activities under long-term crop rotations. A field experiment arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates was carried out at the Wanzhong Farm in Ledong(18?37′–18?38′N, 108?46′–108?48′E), Hainan Province, China, to compare the responses of these soil parameters to long-term(10-year) banana(Musa paradisiaca)-pineapple(Ananas) rotation(AB), banana-papaya(Carica) rotation(BB) and banana monoculture(CK) in a conventional tillage system in the Hainan Island. Soil p H, total organic C(TOC), dissolved organic C(DOC), TN, total P(TP) and available P(AP) were found to be significantly higher(P < 0.01) in AB and BB than CK at 0–30 cm soil depth. Microbial biomass C(MBC) and N(MBN) were observed 18.0%–35.2% higher in AB and 8.6%–40.5% higher in BB than CK at 0–30 cm. The activities of urease(UA), invertase(IA), dehydrogenase(DA) and acid phosphatase(APA) showed a mean of 21.5%–59.6% increase in AB and 26.7%–66.1% increase in BB compared with CK at 0–30 cm. Higher p H, TOC and DOC at 0–10 and 10–20 cm than at 20–30 cm were obtained despite of the rotations. Soil MBC and MBN and activities of UA, IA and DA decreased markedly(P < 0.01) with increasing soil depth in the different rotation soils as well as the monoculture soil. In general, soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activities were more sensitive to changes in banana-based rotations than soil chemical properties, and consequently they were well-established as early indicators of changes due to crop rotations in the tropics.

Efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells enabled by inhibition of self-aggregation of fullerene electron-transporting compounds

Fullerene-based electron-transporting layers(ETLs)significantly influence the defect passivation and device performance of inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs).However,theπ-cage structures of fullerenes lead to a strong tendency to self-aggregate,which affects the long-term stability of the corresponding PSCs.Experimental results revealed that[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester(PCBM)-based ETLs exhibit a certain degree of self-aggregation that affects the stability of the device,particularly under continuous irradiation stress.To modulate the aggregation behavior,we replaced a methyl hydrogen of PCBM with a phenyl group to yield[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid benzyl ester(PCBB).As verified through X-ray crystallography,this minor structural modification results in more non-covalent intermolecular interactions,which effectively enhanced the electron-transporting ability of the PCBB-based ETL and led to an efficiency approaching 20%.Notably,the enhanced intermolecular forces of PCBB suppressed its self-aggregation,and the corresponding device showed significantly improved stability,retaining approximately 90%of its initial efficiency after 600 h under one-sun irradiation with maximum power point tracking.These findings provide a viable approach for the design of new fullerene derivatives to tune their intermolecular interactions to suppress self-aggregation within the ETL for highperformance PSCs.