冻土热-力耦合效应对铁路重力式桥墩抗震性能的影响研究

为探究冻土热-力耦合效应对铁路重力式桥墩抗震性能的影响规律,采用热-力耦合方式建立了土-桩基础-桥墩相互作用下三维实体有限元模型,并利用拟静力模型试验结果对其进行验证。在此基础上,探讨了地表温度和融化层厚度变化对桩基础铁路重力式桥墩抗震性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:采用热-力耦合方式建立的土-桩基础-桥墩有限元模型预测结果与拟静力试验结果吻合较好,能够有效模拟其水平地震荷载作用下的非线性响应;随着地表温度的降低,土-桩基础-桥墩体系的极限水平承载能力、初始刚度和累计耗能均会增大,但桩基础桥墩的侧向位移能力会出现一定程度的降低;随着季节冻土层融化深度的增加,土-桩-桥墩体系的极限水平承载能力、整体刚度退化和累计耗能曲线均出现大幅下降趋势,其中表层冻土融化深度从0cm增加到5cm时桩基础桥墩的抗震性能减弱幅度较为严重。

高速远程滑坡热-水-力耦合效应与沿程侵蚀研究

为研究高速滑坡超强流动性及沿程侵蚀问题,在Goren热-水-力耦合模型的基础上结合滑坡侵蚀率公式,构建了考虑沿程侵蚀影响的1维高速远程滑坡热-水-力耦合物理模型,提出了有限体积法隐式格式与TDMA耦合算法,对高速滑坡运动热水力耦效应及侵蚀效应进行数值模拟。结果表明:高速滑坡运动过程中热水力耦合效应提升了滑坡的流动性并显著影响滑坡的沿程侵蚀作用。

含缺陷流变性材料的基本方程组(Ⅰ)——热-力耦合效应的实验研

以聚氯乙烯板为材料 ,进行了拉伸戴荷作用下的热 -力耦合效应的实验研究 。

热-力-粘弹耦合多孔FGVM梁的动力学特性

研究了初始轴向机械力作用下三参数Winkler-Pasternak粘弹性地基上多孔功能梯度粘弹性材料(FGVM)梁在热环境中的自由振动特性。考虑满足热传导方程的稳态温度分布以及材料性质的温度相关性,采用Kelvin-Voigt模型并由含孔隙率修正的混合幂率梯度分布来表征内含均匀孔隙FGVM梁的材料属性。基于n阶广义梁理论,在Hamilton体系下建立该系统动力学模型的控制方程;应用扩展型广义Navier法得到固支-固支、固支-简支、简支-简支这3种边界FGVM梁耦合振动输出响应的精确解;通过算例主要探究了梁理论、边界条件、热-力耦合效应、粘弹性地基系数、结构内阻尼系数、孔隙率、材料梯度指标、跨厚比以及振型阶次等诸多参数对FGVM梁动力学特性的影响。

准分子激光电化学复合工艺中热—力效应研究

为了探寻准分子激光电化学刻蚀硅工艺中的热—力效应特性,采用功率密度大的248nm准分子激光聚焦照射浸在KOH溶液中的n-Si表面,实现了一种激光电化学复合刻蚀工艺。通过数值仿真与实验比较的方法,对该工艺的刻蚀速率进行了分析。研究结果表明,该复合工艺存在激光直接刻蚀、电化学刻蚀和激光与电化学耦合刻蚀等三种刻蚀作用;在耦合作用中,溶液中激光加工的热效应较小,光热效应导致的刻蚀小;而溶液中激光加工的力学效应对材料的刻蚀作用很大。通过对准分子激光与溶液中靶材相互作用过程的热—力效应分析,更深入地探讨了准分子激光电化学工艺的刻蚀机理。

Effects of bending on heat transfer performance of axial micro-grooved heat pipe

Heat pipe is always bent in the typical application of electronic heat dissipation at high heat flux,which greatly affects its heat transfer performance. The capillary limit of heat transport in the bent micro-grooved heat pipes was analyzed in the vapor pressure drop,the liquid pressure drop and the interaction of the vapor with wick fluid. The bent heat pipes were fabricated and tested from the bending angle,the bending position and the bending radius. The results show that temperature difference and thermal resistance increase while the heat transfer capacity of the heat pipe decreases,with the increase of the bending angles and the bending position closer to the vapor section. However,the effects of bending radius can be ignored. The result agrees well with the predicted equations.

再生矿质混合料拌和过程热-机械力效应及对沥青混合料性能的影响

研究了再生矿质混合料在预热拌和过程中的热-机械力效应对其级配和沥青混合料性能的影响,结果表明:在边加热边搅拌过程中,由于热-机械力效应,再生矿质混合料中细颗粒和矿粉明显增多,按级配中值设计得到的矿质混合料中矿粉含量甚至超出其级配上限要求,在进行再生矿质混合料配比设计时,应考虑热-机械力效应的影响,适当减少矿粉用量。与采用天然骨料相比,采用再生骨料作为矿质混合料,按级配中值设计时,其最佳沥青用量明显增大,而马歇尔稳定度明显减小,考虑热-机械力效应进行配比设计后,可有效减小其最佳沥青用量,提高马歇尔稳定度,且可大幅度提高沥青混合料动稳定度。

Solar-heating boosted catalytic reduction of CO_(2） under full-solar spectrum

Catalytic converting CO2 into fuels with the help of solar energy is regarded as‘dream reaction’,as both energy crisis and environmental issue can be mitigated simultaneously.However,it is still suffering from low efficiency due to narrow solar-spectrum utilization and sluggish heterogeneous reaction kinetics.In this work,we demonstrate that catalytic reduction of CO2 can be achieved over Au nanoparticles(NPs)deposited rutile under full solar-spectrum irradiation,boosted by solar-heating effect.We found that UV and visible light can initiate the reaction,and the heat from IR light and local surface-plasmon resonance relaxation of Au NPs can boost the reaction kinetically.The apparent activation energy is determined experimentally and is used to explain the superior catalytic activity of Au/rutile to rutile in a kinetic way.We also find the photo-thermal synergy in the Au/rutile system.We envision that this work may facilitate understanding the kinetics of CO2 reduction and developing feasible catalytic systems with full solar spectrum utilization for practical artificial photosynthesis.

Railway subgrade thermal-hydro-mechanical behavior and track irregularity under the sunny-shady slopes effect in seasonal frozen regions

The sunny-shady slopes effect is a phenomenon that impacts the temperature distribution of high-speed railway subgrades,resulting in uneven frost heaving deformation on the subgrade surface,which in turn causes static irregularity in the slab track.Based on the hydraulics theory,a thermal-hydro-mechanical(THM)coupled model of frozen soil is established and verified.We explore the process and characteristics of the temperature field and deformation of soil during the freezing process of high-speed railway subgrades and analyze the track irregularity variation law of China Railway Track SystemⅢslab tracks under uneven frost heaving deformation.The results show that,because the left and right slopes of high-speed railway subgrade are exposed to different amounts of solar radiation,which is the key factor causing uneven frost heaving of subgrade.Different strike angles cause changes in temperature of the subgrade’s upper part and the frost heaving amount on the surface,leading to differences in the deformation of the slab track structure:Increased strike angle weakens the rail level irregularity of the down line and marginally increases the rail level irregularity of the up line,and these become consistent in north-south directions.Therefore,when selecting railway lines in seasonal frozen areas,the west-east direction should be avoided to prevent the extremes in sunny-shady slopes effect on subgrades.

Coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical process in buffer material and self-healing effects with joints

Within the multi-barrier system for high-level waste disposal,the technological gap formed by combined buffer material block becomes the weak part of buffer layer.In this paper,Gaomiaozi bentonite buffer material with technological gap was studied,the heat transfer induced by liquid water flow and water vapor was embedded into the energy conservation equation.Based on the Barcelona basic model,the coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical model of unsaturated bentonite was established by analyzing the swelling process of bentonite block and the compression process of joint material.The China-Mock-up test was adopted to compare the numerical calculation results with the test results so as to verify the rationality of the proposed model.On this basis,the effect of joint self-healing on dry density,thermal conductivity and permeability coefficient of buffer material was further analyzed.The results show that,with bentonite hydrating and swelling,the joint material gradually increases in dry density,and exhibits comparatively uniform hydraulic and thermal conductivity properties as compacted bentonite block.As a result,the buffer material gradually shifts to homogenization due to the coordinated deformation.

Nonadiabatic Phase and Persistent Currents for System of Spin-1／2 Particles in Presenceof Electromagnetic Fields and Spin-Orbit Interaction

We present a comprehensive view and details of calculations on Aharonov-Anandan phase for the charged particles in the external electric and magnetic fields for a nonadiabatic process.We derive,with consideration of a spin-orbit interaction and Zeemann Splitting,the persistent currents as a response to an Aharonov-Casher topological interference effect in one-dimensional mesoscopic ring.We also establish a connection to Berry adiabatic phase with deduced dynamical-nature dependence in the nonadiabatic process.The second quantization representation has also been employed in exhibition of persistent currents in the many-body case.

Quantum Non-thermal Effect From Kerr-Newman Black Hole

We present a short and direct derivation of Hawking radiation by using the Damour-Ruffini method, as taking into account the self-gravitational interaction from the Kerr-Newman black hole, It is found that the radiation is not exactly thermal, and because the derivation obey conservation laws, the non-thermal Hawking radiation can carry information from the black hole. So it can be used to explain the black hole information paradox, and the process satisfies unitary.

The Fossil-Fuels and the Global Warming

The purpose of this paper is to present a simple way to approximate the dependence of the global mean air temperature at Earth＇s surface on atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide. Current discussions include energy aspects of the greenhouse effect and the global warming. The starting point for the research are laws of thermodynamics, energy equilibrium and absorption and emission property of the atmosphere. According to the calculations, the natural and the anthropogenic changes effect the atmosphere. By the year 2100 the CO2 concentration will be doubled in comparison with the value of the pre-industrial ages. The doubled CO2 concentration will mean a temperature change about 1 ℃-1.5 ℃.

干式车削淬硬钢表面变质层的形成机理研究

采用由数控车床、测力仪、高速红外热像仪、扫描电子显微镜等设备组成的试验测试系统,通过使用PCBN刀具低中高速干式车削淬硬钢Cr12Mo V(45±1HRC)试验,揭示了不同切削速度条件下热-力效应对白层厚度的影响规律,分析已加工表面(层)微裂纹的形成机理。结果表明:低速车削时切削力和切削温度对白层厚度的影响较显著;中高速车削时温度对其影响显著,且呈正相关,而切削力对白层厚度的影响不明显。低速车削条件下,热-力耦合促使加工表面(层)组织中产生了明显的微裂纹,高速车削时得到了较为完美的加工表面。

受载岩石红外辐射的影响因素及机理分析

在总结过去实验的基础上，对岩石在加载过程中产生红外辐射的影响因素（加载速率、加载方式及岩性）及机理进行了分析和讨论。认为：1）随着加载速率的上升，温度上升加快。但在加载速率2.75×10-5/s到1.65×10-4/s的变化范围，单位应变内岩石红外辐射无明显规律性的变化；2）岩石压缩加载辐射温度上升，而拉伸加载辐射温度下降；3）不同岩性的岩石，因其矿物成分、结构及构造的差异，使得加载过程中的红外辐射规律不同；4）加载岩石红外辐射变化规律受两种热效应——热弹效应和摩擦热效应控制，两种热效应在不同的加载阶段所起的作用不同。

THERMOHYDRODYNAMIC LUBRICATION ANALYSIS ON EQUILIBRIUM POSITION AND DYNAMIC COEFFICIENT OF JOURNAL BEARING

The finite element method （FEM） is introduced to calculate the oil film pressure and temperature distribution of a journal bearing. The perturbation is performed directly on the finite element equation. Consequently, the Jacobian matrices of the oil film forces are concisely obtained. The equilibrium position of the bearing with a given static load is found by the Newton-Raphson method. As byproducts, dynamic coefficients are obtained simultaneously without any extra computing time. From the numerical results, it is concluded that the effects of film temperature on stiffness coefficients are bigger than those on damping coefficients. With the increase of rotational speed, the load capacity and the stiffness coefficients of the journal bearing are increased when the eccentricity is small, while decreased when the eccentricity is big.

论含缺陷流变性材料的基本方程组(英文)

根据缺陷演化期间裂尖过程区内形成局域温度场和热磁效应的实验结果 ,首次提出在含缺陷流变性材料基本方程组中热力耦合和热电磁耦合效应的表达式 .

Atomistic simulation of thermal effects and defect structures during nanomachining of copper

Molecular dynamics （MD） simulations of monocrystalline copper （100） surface during nanomachining process were performed based on a new 3D simulation model. The material removal mechanism and system temperature distribution were discussed. The simulation results indicate that the system temperature distribution presents a roughly concentric shape, a steep temperature gradient is observed in diamond cutting tool, and the highest temperature is located in chip. Centrosymmetry parameter method was used to monitor defect structures. Dislocations and vacancies are the two principal types of defect structures. Residual defect structures impose a major change on the workpiece physical properties and machined surface quality. The defect structures in workpiece are temperature dependent. As the temperature increases, the dislocations are mainly mediated from the workpiece surface, while the others are dissociated into point defects. The relatively high cutting speed used in nanomachining results in less defect structures, beneficial to obtain highly machined surface quality.

含缺陷流变性材料的基本方程组(Ⅲ)——基本方程的推导

根据缺陷演化期间裂尖过程区内 (或细孔周围 )形成局域温度场和热磁效应的实验结果 ,提出了含缺陷流变性材料基本方程组中热 -力耦合和热

Thermodynamic Effects on Particle Movement:Wind Tunnel Simulation Results

Sand/dust storms are some of the main hazards in arid and semi-arid zones. These storms also influence global environmental changes. By field observations, empirical statistics, and numerical simulations, pioneer researchers on these natural events have concluded the existence of a positive relationship between thermodynamic effects and sand/dust storms. Thermodynamic effects induce an unsteady stratified atmosphere to influence the process of these storms. However, studies on the relationship of thermodynamic effects with particles (i.e., sand and dust) are limited. In this article, wind tunnel with heating was used to simulate the quantitative relationship between thermodynamic effects and particle movement on different surfaces. Compared with the cold state, the threshold wind velocity of particles is found to be significantly decrease under the hot state. The largest decrease percentage exceedes 9% on fine and coarse sand surfaces. The wind velocity also has a three-power function in the sand transport rate under the hot state with increased sand transport. Thermodynamic effects are stronger on loose surfaces and fine particles, but weaker on compacted surfaces and coarse particles.