烯类硅烷对高温硫化硅橡胶──金属的增粘作用

报导四烯基硅烷〔（ＣＨ２ ＝ ＣＨ）４Ｓｉ， （ＣＨ２ ＝ ＣＨＣＨ２）４Ｓｉ〕和三烯基硅烷〔（ＣＨ２ ＝ ＣＨ）３ＳｉＣＨ２ ＣＨ２Ｓｉ （ＯＣＨ３）３ ， （ＣＨ２ ＝ＣＨＣＨ２）３ＳｉＣＨ２ＣＨ２Ｓｉ （ＯＣＨ３）３〕对高温硫化硅橡胶 金属的增粘作用， 发现： 四乙烯基硅烷对高温硫化硅橡胶 铁合金的增粘作用最大。其粘合剪切强度可达５８ ＭＰａ， 对这一增粘作用的机理也作了初步的探讨。

氧化石墨烯/硅烷复合乳液对混凝土防渗透性能的影响

用溶胶合成法将氧化石墨烯(GO)与异丁基硅烷单体合成出一种新型的渗透型复合乳液。通过混凝土毛细吸水实验和混凝土的毛细吸盐实验,对比研究了GO/异丁基硅烷复合乳液、异丁基硅烷乳液和GO分散液对混凝土渗透性能的影响。结果表明:在防水方面,GO/异丁基硅烷复合乳液效果最好,毛细吸水系数比空白试样降低92.5%(W/C=0.4)和93%(W/C=0.6)。接触角测试结果表明:未经防护处理的混凝土表面水接触角为65.65°,属于亲水性表面;而经GO/异丁基硅烷复合乳液处理后,混凝土表面的水接触角为121.53°,属于憎水性表面,憎水性极大增强。在抗氯离子侵蚀方面,效果最好的也是GO/异丁基硅烷复合乳液,毛细吸盐28 d后,混凝土表层2 cm处的氯离子含量比空白试样降低了80.9%(W/C=0.4)和54.3%(W/C=0.6)。

Pt(DVDS)-Phan催化的末端炔烃的硅氢加成反应

以Pt(DVDS)-Phan体系作为末端炔烃与三乙基硅烷或三苯基硅烷进行硅氢加成的催化剂,除三甲基硅乙炔与三乙己硅烷反应外,其余反应的收率均高于90%,并且高选择性地或唯一地得到马氏加成产物或者反马氏反式加成产物,立体选择性或区域选择性超过95%.

Synthesis and characterization of hybrid organic-inorganic materials based on EA-MAn-APTES and silica

Poly (EA-MAn-APTES)/silica hybrid materials were successfully prepared fromEthyl acrylate (EA), maleic anhydride (MAn) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in the presence of acoupling agent 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES),by free-radical solution polymerization and insitu sol-gel process. The mass fraction of TEOS varied from 0 to 25%. The hybrid materials werecharacterized by the methods of FT-IR spectra, solvent extraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) andthermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measuring apparatus to get their structures, gel contents,morphologies, particle sizes and thermal performances. The results show that the covalent bonds arebetween organic and inorganic phases, gel contents in the hybrid materials are much higher, theSiO_2 phase is well dispersed in the polymer matrix, silicon dioxide exist at nanoscale in thecomposites and have excellent thermal stability.

Synthesis and properties of acrylate latex modified by vinyl alkoxy siloxane

Acrylate latex modified by vinyl triisopropoxy silane (C-1706) was synthesized by seeded emulsion polymerization with anionic emulsifier sodium dodecyl sulphonate(SDS) and nonionic emulsifier OP-10 as the multiple emulsifiers at (78±2) ℃. The effects of different factors, such as the emulsifier, C-1706 monomer and its feeding manner on the properties of acrylate latex modified by C-1706 were investigated. The particle size distribution and the structure, the configuration, the weather durability and stain resistance of copolymer latex were characterized by particle size analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscope(TEM), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and ultraviolet aging instrument respectively. The results show that SDS to OP-10 as multiple emulsifiers can lead to coordinated efficiency, the optimal emulsifier dosage is 2.4%?3.2%(mass fraction), and the mass ratio of SDS to OP-10 is 1?1? 1?2. The seeded emulsion polymerization can effectively introduce a organic-siloxane bonding in a macromolecule inter polymer, and the obtained acrylate latex modified by organic-siloxane possesses narrow distribution of particle size with mean diameter of 51.8?76.6 nm and has the excellent properties in weather durability and stain-resistance especially.

Isobaric Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium for Methyldichlorosi-lane+Methylvinyldichlorosilane+Toluene and Constituent Binary Systems

Vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) for a ternary system of methyldichlorosilane + methylvinyldichlorosi-lane + toluene and constituent binary systems were measured at 101.3kPa using a new type of magnetical pump-ebulliometer. The equilibrium compositions of the vapor phase of binary systems were calculated indirectly from the total pressure-temperature-liquid composition (pTx). The experimental data were correlated with the Wilson and NRTL(non-random two liquid) equations. The parameters of the Wilson model were employed to predict the ternary VLE data. The calculated boiling points were in good agreement with the experimental ones.

Nano-indentation profiles of intrinsic hardness and modulus of films based on silsesquioxane modified with titanium tetrabutoxide

This study is to analyze the influence of the modifier, 5～25 wt % titanium tetrabutoxide (TBO), on the hardness and elastic modulus of the films based on SSO deriving from hydrolytic condensation of (3-glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPMS) and vinyltrimethoxysilane (VMS), by the continuous stiffness measurement (CSM) technique of an instrumented-indentation testing (IIT) device. Films were synthesized by adding the stoichiometric amount of ethylenediamine (EDA) and benzoyl proxide (BPO) to SSO solutions in ethanol, dip-coating over glass substrates, and curing using an appropriate thermal cycle. Intrinsic values of hardness and elastic modulus were determined with the average values in “plateau region” from “four-layer” explanation. And the brittle index of the modified coating systems was analyzed.

Polymer/Ceramic Composite Membranes and Their Application in Pervaporation Process

Pervaporation(PV),as an environmental friendly and energy-saving separation technology,has been received increasing attention in recent years.This article reviews the preparation and application of macroporous ceramic-supported polymer composite pervaporation membranes.The separation materials of polymer/ceramic composite membranes presented here include hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) and hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA),chitosan(CS) and polyelectrolytes.The effects of ceramic support treatment,polymer solution properties,interfacial adhesion and incorporating or blending modification on the membrane structure and PV performance are discussed.Two in-situ characterization methods developed for polymer/ceramic composite membranes are also covered in the discussion.The applications of these composite membranes in pervaporation process are summarized as well,which contain the bio-fuels recovery,gasoline desulfuration and PV coupled proc-ess using PDMS/ceramic composite membrane,and dehydration of alcohols and esters using ceramic-supported PVA or PVA-CS composite membrane.Finally,a brief conclusion remark on polymer/ceramic composite mem-branes is given and possible future research is outlined.

Disiloxane-Bridged Cyclopolymer as Polymer Dielectrics

We studied the dielectric properties of organosilicon-containing helical cyclopolymer PbMA which consists of PMMA main chains and tetramethyldisiloxane side rings. PbMA formed films with excellent uniformity through spin-coating onto highly n-doped silicon （n-Si） wafers for constructing devices of dielectric measurements, on which the dielectric properties and I-V characteristics of PbMA were studied. PbMA has a much lower dielectric constant （lower than 2.6） in the frequency range of 10-105 Hz, and better thermal stability than PMMA does. I-V data showed that the metal/PbMA/n-Si devices have different conducting directions, depending on whether Au or Al deposited over PbMA layers.

PVDMS-Al2O3 Composite Hollow Fibre Membranes for Chloroform Recovery from Gas Streams

Sorption isotherm of chloroform in polyvinyl dimethylsiloxane (PVDMS) polymer film was measured via the gravimetric method, and this film was confirmed experimentally to be good membrane material to recover chloroform from gas stream with high sorption capacity. A new PVDMS-Al2O3 composite hollow fibre membrane was further prepared by coating a PVDMS film on the outer surface of Al2O3 hollow fibre porpous substrate prepared by a dry/wet phase inversion method. Microstructure of the composite membranes was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), indicating the PVDMS coating layer was uniform, free of defects, and around 15μm thick. Performance of the PVDMS-Al2O3 composite hollow fibre membranes for chloroform recovery was investigated. By comparing the experimental data that derived from a mathematical model, the permeabilities of chloroform and nitrogen in the PVDMS polymer membrane were obtained. The effects of temperature and feed flow rate on the chloroform recovery and permeate concentration were investigated both experimentally and theoretically.

A novel method for fabricating polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic chip master molds

We proposed a novel method of fabricating polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic chip polymer master molds in this paper. The method mainly includes two steps. First, a stainless steel slice was laser etched to form a metal model. Then, the organic solution of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was casted onto the metal model to fabricate the PMMA master which subsequently would be used to fabricate PDMS chips. We systematically researched different laser parameters influencing the surface status of microchannels and obtained optimized etching parameters. We investigated and optimized the organic solution composition of PMMA while casting chip masters, and developed a method to form fine polymer masters using two different viscosity solutions to cast the model in turn, and studied the repeatable replication. Then, we investigated physical performance of this chip and evaluated the practicability by analyzing Rhodamine B. Compared with present methods, the proposed method does not need photolithography on photoresistant and chemical etching. The entire fabricating progress is simple, fast, low-cost and can be controlled easily. Only several minutes are required to make a metal model, 3 hours for a PMMA master, and one day for PDMS chips.

Structure and Properties of Silk Fibers Grafted with Vinyl Siloxane Monomer

Silk fibers were grafted with a novel vinyl siloxane monomer. The properties of silk with different grafting yield were discussed. The results showed that the crease recovery of grafted silk fabric is improved significantly, handle of grafted silk is softer, and grafting has no influence on strength of silk. Graft with low grafting yield has no effect on dyeing properties of silk. The results of IR, SEM photographs and amino acid analysis indicate that the monomer combines with silk fiber by physical sediment and chemical bond, the grafting reactions mainly occurred on Ser., His. and Arg. of silk fibers, and ester crosslinking forms between silanol and Asp., Gin. of silk molecular side chains. X-ray diffraction patterns of silk fibers suggest that the grafting has no effect on the crystalline regions.

Effect of Aminoaromatic Acids as Additives on the Activity and Selectivity of the Platinum-catalyzed Hydrosilylation of Alkenes

A series of aromatic acids has been tested as additives for the platinum-catalyzed hydrosilylation of styrene with triethoxysilane. Both excellent conversion of styrene and selectivity in favor of the ,β-adduct were achieved using aminobenzoic acids as additive. Moreover, the use of 4-aminobenzoic acid led to significantly superior enhancement in both catalytic activity and selectivity among the tested aminobenzoic acids. Indeed, 100% conversion of styrene and 98.4% selectivity in favor of the β-adduct were obtained. Additionally, hydrosilylations of various alkenes with a variety of platinum catalysts have also been tested, and in each case the conversion of substrate and the selectivity of the β-adduct were promoted by using 4-aminobenzoic acid as additive.

Measurement and Correlation of Vapor-Liquid Equilibria for Hexamethyl Disiloxane+Vinyl Acetate System at 101.3 kPa

Vapor-liquid equilibrium data of hexamethyl disiloxane+vinyl acetate system at 101.3kPa were measured by using double circulating vapor-liquid equilibrium still.The thermodynamic consistency of the VLE data was examined by Herrington method.Experimental data was correlated by non-random two-liquid(NRTL),Wilson and universal quasichemical(UNIQUAC)parameter models.All the models satisfactorily correlated with the VLE data.The result showed that the NRTL model was the most suitable one to represent experimental data satisfactorily.The system had a minimum temperature azeotrope at 345.71 K and the mole azeotropic composition was 0.0541.

Hybrid copolymerization of cyclic and vinyl monomers

In this work, we report the hybrid copolymerization of various cyclic monomers and vinyl monomers. Our studies demonstrate that 1-tert-butyl-4,4,4-tris-（dimethylamino）-2,2-bis[tris（dimethylamino） phophoranyliden-amino]-2A5,A5-catenadi（phosphazene） （t-BuP4） can catalyze the hybrid copolymerization of caprolactone （CL）, lactide （LA） or cyclic carbonate ester with acrylate or methyl acrylate. However, the polymerization of cyclosiloxane with vinyl monomers yields two corresponding homopolymers, and the polymerization of lactone with acrylonitrile （AN） produces only polyacrylonitrile. Clearly, the extent of matching of activity between a monomer and an active center determines whether or not there is hybrid copolymerization.