This study was concerned on the influence of cooking liquor parameters i.e. active alkali （AA） and sulfidity, on the properties of pulp produced from Thai bamboo by means of multivariate analysis. The investigated p...This study was concerned on the influence of cooking liquor parameters i.e. active alkali （AA） and sulfidity, on the properties of pulp produced from Thai bamboo by means of multivariate analysis. The investigated pulp properties were cooking yield and viscosity. The experiments were performed according to a face centered cube experimental design. Then, multiple linear regression （MLR） of independent and dependent variables were conducted with SPSS software using least square method. In order to optimize process, Pareto-Optimality method was employed. The obtained regression models were characterized by both descriptive and predictive ability （R^2 ≥ 95% and Rcv^2 ≥ 93%） and allowed the kraft pulping process with an acceptable viscosity （ 1110- 1 190 ml/g） and a total yield about 50% at a sulfidity level of 20-30% with 18% AA. Results indicated that high sulfidity at a lower AA could get high viscosity and relatively low kappa number for pulps. Also oxygen delignification was studied in this research.展开更多
In this paper, a 2D transient finite element analysis was carried out for a new type of solar powered injera baking system. In the proposed system （currently under development）, heat transfer oil is heated using sol...In this paper, a 2D transient finite element analysis was carried out for a new type of solar powered injera baking system. In the proposed system （currently under development）, heat transfer oil is heated using solar energy by parabolic trough and the oil circulates through the space below the baking pan in the kitchen. Based on previous finite element study on existing electric injera baking pans, a new type of baking pan made from ceramic with 8 mm thickness was manufactured and used for the proposed system. The model was further extended to study the heat up time and temperature distributions during initial heat up and cyclic baking of the new model. The proposed baking pan that uses solar energy gives acceptable heat up and baking time compared to existing conventional baking methods. Generally, the finite element model predicts well the temperature distributions during initial heat up and cyclic baking.展开更多
文摘This study was concerned on the influence of cooking liquor parameters i.e. active alkali （AA） and sulfidity, on the properties of pulp produced from Thai bamboo by means of multivariate analysis. The investigated pulp properties were cooking yield and viscosity. The experiments were performed according to a face centered cube experimental design. Then, multiple linear regression （MLR） of independent and dependent variables were conducted with SPSS software using least square method. In order to optimize process, Pareto-Optimality method was employed. The obtained regression models were characterized by both descriptive and predictive ability （R^2 ≥ 95% and Rcv^2 ≥ 93%） and allowed the kraft pulping process with an acceptable viscosity （ 1110- 1 190 ml/g） and a total yield about 50% at a sulfidity level of 20-30% with 18% AA. Results indicated that high sulfidity at a lower AA could get high viscosity and relatively low kappa number for pulps. Also oxygen delignification was studied in this research.
文摘In this paper, a 2D transient finite element analysis was carried out for a new type of solar powered injera baking system. In the proposed system （currently under development）, heat transfer oil is heated using solar energy by parabolic trough and the oil circulates through the space below the baking pan in the kitchen. Based on previous finite element study on existing electric injera baking pans, a new type of baking pan made from ceramic with 8 mm thickness was manufactured and used for the proposed system. The model was further extended to study the heat up time and temperature distributions during initial heat up and cyclic baking of the new model. The proposed baking pan that uses solar energy gives acceptable heat up and baking time compared to existing conventional baking methods. Generally, the finite element model predicts well the temperature distributions during initial heat up and cyclic baking.
