加载角度对高速列车铝合金焊接接头裂纹扩展路径的影响

以A7N01铝合金焊接接头为研究对象,基于最大周向应力准则,通过数值模拟的方法对接头裂纹在Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合加载下的扩展路径进行了研究,其中重点分析了当裂纹扩展到焊缝与母材之间的界面时,复合加载角度α对其启裂角度θ的影响.结果表明:在Ⅰ-Ⅱ复合载荷作用下,接头裂纹扩展到界面时,其扩展方向存在三种可能性:一是继续在焊缝中扩展;二是沿着界面方向扩展且不进入母材;三是穿过界面且进入母材.当α=30°时,裂纹在界面处的启裂角θ约为0°,裂纹将沿着界面的方向扩展且不进入母材;当α=45°时,裂纹在界面处的启裂角θ约为30°,裂纹将穿过界面且进入母材;当α=60°时,裂纹在界面处的启裂角θ约为41°,裂纹将穿过界面且进入母材.

应力比对A7N01铝合金焊接接头裂纹近门槛值区拐点的影响

以A7N01铝合金焊接接头为研究对象,借助有限元法及有限元软件先进行A7N01铝合金板对接焊模拟,得到接头处残余应力分布情况,再对接头裂纹进行扩展模拟,最后应用最小二乘法对提取的仿真数据进行处理,重点分析了应力比对疲劳裂纹近门槛值区拐点的影响。结果表明:在接头裂纹扩展速率曲线的近门槛值区存在一个拐点,且应力比对其有影响。拐点对应的应力强度因子幅值ΔK t随应力比R的增大而减小,且当R>0.5时,ΔK t变化不大。拐点前后拟合直线斜率k随应力比R的变化为:在L 1区(低速扩展区),拟合直线斜率k 1随应力比R的变化更为明显,且随应力比R的增大而减小;在L 2区(Paris的延续),拟合直线斜率k 2随应力比R变化不大。

Fatigue behavior and life prediction of A7N01 aluminium alloy welded joint

Fatigue characteristics of A7N01 aluminium alloy welded joint were investigated and a fatigue crack initiation life-based model was proposed. The difference of fatigue crack initiation life among base metal, weld metal and heat affected zone (HAZ) is slight. Furthermore, the ratio of fatigue crack initiation life (Ni) to fatigue life to failure(Nf) is a material dependent parameter, 26.32%, 40.21% and 60.67% for base metal, HAZ and weld metal, respectively. Total fatigue life predicted using the presented model is in good agreement with the experimental data and that using Basquin’s model. The observation results of fatigue fracture surfaces, using scanning electron microscope (SEM), demonstrate that fatigue crack initiates from smooth surface due to welding process for weld metal, blowhole in HAZ causes fatigue crack initiation, and the crushed second phase particles play an important part in fatigue crack initiation in base metal.