铝合金直流点焊焊接参数对焊点性能的影响

在实验的基础上，就 5982铝合金板 (1 mm＋ 1 mm)直流点焊焊接参数对焊点性能的影响进行了分析研究。结果表明，焊接电流在一定范围内与焊点接头的拉剪载荷成正比，通电时间与电极压力都存在一个最佳范围，而加压方式对接头性能影响并不明显。

保护气氛再流焊对塑料球栅阵列焊点性能的影响

采用静态弯曲和高速弯曲变形实验方法讨论了保护气氛再流焊塑料球栅阵列 ( PBGA)组装板焊点的性能。结果表明 ,采用氮气保护再流焊工艺得到的 PBGA组装板的最大弯曲试验载荷和冲击功比采用压缩空气对流再流焊工艺的组装板要高。氧气含量在 10 0 0 ppm到 50 ppm范围内 ,随着氮气纯度的提高 ,冲击功提高 ,而最大弯曲载荷变化不大。焊点的冲击断裂表面位于PCB板和焊球之间形成的脆性的中间合金层区域。气孔和杂质主要分布在焊盘的边缘。氮气保护再流焊可以显著降低焊接界面处的缺陷密度 。

焊点性能严重劣化的不良微观组织

焊点的机械性能取决于焊点的微观组织,而微观组织取决于焊料组分、被焊接基底金属、焊点的结构以及焊接时的工艺条件。实际的制造中,如果忽略了焊点结构和工艺条件对焊点微观组织的影响,将可能形成严重劣化的焊点机械性能,进而形成影响焊点可靠性的不良的微观组织。主要介绍一些常见的不良微观组织,以便意识到高可靠性焊点的形成不是“随便”可以实现的,不是仅看看外观符合IOPC-A-610的要求就可以了,必须关注工艺的细节,确保焊点的微观组织符合要求。

QFP器件半导体激光钎焊焊点力学性能和显微组织

采用半导体激光软钎焊和红外再流焊方法对QFP32和QFP48两种不同结构尺寸的器件引线进行了钎焊性试验,针对使用Sn-Pb和Sn-Ag-Cu两种不同成分钎料所得到的QFP器件焊点,采用微焊点强度测试仪研究了其抗拉强度的分布规律,并采用扫描电子显微镜分析了焊点断口的显微组织特征。结果表明,同种QFP器件焊点的抗拉强度,半导体激光软钎焊焊点明显高于红外再流焊焊点抗拉强度,QFP48器件焊点抗拉强度明显高于QFP32器件焊点的抗拉强度。半导体激光焊QFP器件焊点的断裂方式为韧性断裂,红外再流焊焊点断裂方式兼有脆性断裂和韧性断裂的特征。

镀银编织铜丝与铜层微电阻点焊接头组织与性能研究

研究了0.1 mm镀银编织铜丝与0.07mm厚度超薄纯铜层微电阻点焊接头的微观组织和力学性能,分析了不同参数对接头力学性能的影响,采用扫描电子显微镜对典型接头的微观组织结构特征进行了分析。结果表明,当焊接热量足够时,焊点接头主要为钎焊-熔焊混合连接机制,其形成过程中经历银元素润湿铺展、银元素扩散、铜元素熔化和金属凝固四个过程;焊点连接面处组织致密,存在铜银两相与单富铜相构成连接界面形态,后者焊点微观组织结构含有熔焊的特征;试验所用参数范围内,焊点的最大抗剪力可达45 N,焊接时间与焊接电流均在一定的范围内对焊点性能影响较大,当电阻产热达到饱和区间,焊点抗剪切性能变化不大。

减振板点焊的研究

针对减振板点焊的特点,设计了减振板点焊的导通旁路,进行减振板点焊工艺试验,对主要焊接工艺参数的变化对焊点尺寸和性能的影响进行了分析。

Friction stir keyholeless spot welding of AZ31 Mg alloy-mild steel

Friction stir keyholeless spot welding（FSKSW） using a retractable pin for 1.0 mm thick galvanized mild steel and 3 mm thick AZ31 B magnesium alloy in a lap configuration was investigated.The process variables were optimized in terms of the joint strength.The effects of the stacking sequence on joint formation and the joining mechanism of FSKSW AZ31B-to-mild steel joints were also analyzed.It shows that the process window and joint strength are strongly influenced by the stacking sequence of the workpieces.While the process window is narrow and unstable for FSKSW of a magnesium-to-steel stack-up,a desirable process was established for the steel-to-magnesium stacking sequence,a desirable process and higher strength joint can be got when the steel-to-magnesium stacking sequence.XRD phase and EPMA analyses of the FSKSW joint showed that the intermetallic compounds are formed at the steel-to-magnesium interface,and the element diffusion between the mild steel and AZ31 B magnesium alloy revealed that the joining methods for FSKSW joints is the main mechanical joining along with certain metallurgical bonding.

矩形片式电阻元件的半导体激光软钎焊技术

采用Sn-Ag-Cu作为钎焊材料,研究了矩形片式电阻元件的半导体激光软钎焊技术,采用微焊点强度测试仪研究了其力学性能。结果表明,当激光钎焊时间固定时,随着激光输出功率的增加,电阻焊点的剪切力呈现增加的趋势,在某一功率左右达到最大值。随着激光钎焊时间的增加,其所对应的最佳激光输出功率逐渐减小,最佳的激光钎焊时间为1s。对比试验结果表明,激光软钎焊的最佳工艺参数组合所得到的片式电阻焊点力学性能优于采用传统红外再流焊工艺所获得的片式电阻焊点的力学性能。

汽车用加磷高强钢可焊性对比研究

通过采集汽车板加磷高强钢点焊工艺数据,寻找B170P和B250P可焊性工艺参数窗口,确定了测试钢种的最佳焊接工艺参数。在最佳焊接工艺条件下,对两个钢种的焊点性能和电极头寿命进行了对比测试。结果表明:B250P具有较高的抗剪拉伸和十字拉伸破坏力,较均匀的厚度减薄率,较高的显微硬度。两个钢种的电极头寿命均符合GWS-1A标准要求。

Microstructure and properties of probeless friction stir spot welding of AZ31 magnesium alloy joints

The AZ31 magnesium alloy with a thickness of 1.8 mm was welded by the probeless friction stir spot welding process without Zn interlayer.The influence of process parameters on joint microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated by using different rotating speeds and dwell time.Microstructure of joints is divided into three regions:stir zone,thermomechanically-affected zone and heat-affected zone.With the increase of rotation speed and dwell time,the depth of stir zone gradually increases,and hook defects extend from the interface of two plates to the surface of the upper plate.The tensile shear strength of joints and two fracture modes(shear fracture and plug fracture)are closely related to hook defects.The maximum tensile shear strength of the joint is 4.22 kN when rotation speed and dwell time are 1180 r/min and 9 s,respectively.Microhardness value and its fluctuation in upper sheet are evidently higher than those of the lower sheet.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar resistance spot welded DP1000–QP1180 steel sheets

In this study,the effect of welding parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the dissimilar resistance spot welded DP1000–QP1180 joints was investigated.Heat affected zone(HAZ)width of QP1180 side was smaller than that of DP1000 side.HAZ width and indentation depth increased with increasing welding current and welding time.The nugget size increased with increasing welding current whereas it increased at lower currents and decreased at higher currents with increasing welding time.The lowest hardness was on the DP1000 side.On the QP1180 side,the center of HAZ had the peak hardness.With increasing welding current,hardness values throughout the weld zone decreased and the tensile shear load increased.At lower welding currents,the welding time did not affect the tensile shear load.Tensile elongation decreased with the increase of welding time,whereas there is no relationship between the welding current and elongation.The spot-welded joints having higher strength exhibited a more ductile fracture characteristic.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar pinless friction stir spot welded 2A12 aluminum alloy and TC4 titanium alloy joints

The microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar pinless friction stir spot welded joint of2A12aluminum alloy and TC4titanium alloy were evaluated.The results show that the joint of Al/Ti dissimilar alloys can be successfully attained through pinless friction stir spot welding(FSSW).The joint can be divided into three zones(SZ,TMAZ and HAZ).The microstructure of joint in Al alloy side changes significantly but it basically has no change in Ti alloy side.At the same rotation speed,the maximum load of welded joints gradually rises with the increase in dwell time.At the same dwell time,the maximum load of the welded joint increases with the increase of the rotational speed.In addition,optimal parameters were obtained in this work,and they are rotation speed of1500r/min,plunge speed of30mm/min,plunge depth of0.3mm and dwell time of15s.The fracture mode of welded joints is interfacial shear fracture.The microhardness of the joint on the Al side distributes in a typical“W”type and is symmetry along the weld center,but the distribution of the microhardness on the Ti side has no obvious change.

Effect of welding processes on AA2219 aluminium alloy joint properties

AA2219 aluminium alloy square butt joints without filler metal addition were fabricated using gas tungsten arc welding （GTAW）, electron beam welding （EBW） and friction stir welding （FSW） processes. The effects of three welding processes on the tensile, fatigue and corrosion behaviour were studied. Microstructure analysis was carried out using optical and electron microscopes. The results show that the FSW joints exhibit superior tensile and fatigue properties compared to EBW and GTAW joints. It is also found that the friction stir welds show lower corrosion resistance than EB and GTA welds. This is mainly due to the presence of finer grains and uniform distribution of strengthening precipitates in the weld metal of FSW joints.

Performance analysis of a pneumatic to servo converted system for electrode actuation in resistance spot welding using 304L austenitic stainless steel

A high current, AC waveform controller with C-type body frame of spot welder(75 k VA), was examined for the electrode actuating system whose pneumatically driven system has been redesigned and refitted for the servo based system without any vertical spring assistance in the 50 mm movable distance. Moreover, the pressing mechanism was carefully handled during the entire pressing tasks as to ensure that no catastrophic reaction happens for the electrodes' caps, electrodes' holders as well as the other part of mechanical assembly. With the mechanically originated-pneumatic and also the converted-servo systems, the stainless steels are welded for both systems to characterize the improvements. While the welding processes were carried out, the electrical signals have been captured to compute the signals' representation of entire sequences. Later, the welded samples were underwent the tensile shear test, metallurgical observation and hardness test. The analytical results show distinct changes in the force profiles which has led to profound changes in mechanical properties of welded specimens.