关于焦耳效应和焦-汤效应的比较

给出了焦耳效应和焦耳 -汤姆孙效应的比较方法 ,对焦 -汤实验容易得到与理想气体有差别的结果而焦耳实验却不容易得到这种结果的原因进行了诠释 ,并对有关文章的结论提出了商榷意见 .

立方型状态方程的空气焦-汤效应数值模拟

气体在经过小孔、狭缝、节流阀等流阻元件时,由于存在焦-汤效应,压力急剧下降,温度也将发生变化。为此,首先建立了气体通过节流孔的简化模型;其次,采用Gambit软件对模型进行网格划分;最后对满足立方型状态方程的实际空气,利用Fluent软件模拟进口压力0.3—0.6MPa和进口温度283—298K下,空气节流前后的温度变化。结果表明:保持出口压力不变,随着进口压力的增加,节流前后温降也增加;随着进口温度的升高,温降呈现减小趋势,但趋势缓慢;保持进口压力和温度不变,随着出口压力的增加,温降将减小;并与相关文献对比,得到了相同的结论,侧面验证了数值模拟的可行性。

Joule-Thomson Coefficient for Strongly Interacting Unitary Fermi Gas

The Joule-Thomson effect reflects the interaction among constituent particles of macroscopic system.Forclassical ideal gas,the corresponding Joule-Thomson coefficient is vanishing while it is non-zero for ideal quantum gasdue to the quantum degeneracy.In recent years,much attention is paid to the unitary Fermi gas with infinite two-bodyscattering length.According to universal analysis,the thermodynamical law of unitary Fermi gas is similar to that ofnon-interacting ideal gas,which can be explored by the virial theorem P = 2E/3V.Based on previous works,we furtherstudy the unitary Fermi gas properties.The effective chemical potential is introduced to characterize the nonlinear levelscrossing effects in a strongly interacting medium.The changing behavior of the rescaled Joule-Thomson coefficientaccording to temperature manifests a quite different behavior from that for ideal Fermi gas.

范德瓦耳斯气液状态方程纵横谈

首先强调了范氏方程是气液系统的状态方程,范氏方程可以很好地说明物质气态和液态的相互转变.分析了焦-汤效应,简述了气体的液化与低温的获得.