配煤炼焦中煤岩相分析的应用

配煤炼焦能够有效的节省煤炭资源,而且还可以提高炼焦的整体质量,所以在煤炭的具体应用中,配煤炼焦是一项被重点强调的内容。对现阶段的配煤炼焦实践进行分析发现,基于煤岩相分析做配煤炼焦的相应规划,炼焦质量会进一步提升,而且煤炭资源的节约实效也会更加的显著。文章就配煤炼焦中煤岩相分析的应用做讨论,旨在为实践提供帮助与指导。

辽源大水缸煤矿聚煤规律及含煤岩相特征

晚侏罗世长安组为辽源大水缸煤矿主要含煤岩系,在构造作用和沉积环境作用下,含煤岩系为一套内陆湖沼相沉积。煤层厚度在大水缸向斜北东翼较薄,靠近向斜轴部两侧较厚;南西翼厚度变化较大,在煤盆地边缘变薄以至尖灭。

煤的岩相显微组分对水煤浆性质的影响

通过对不同变质程度煤的岩相显微组分分析,考察了煤的岩相显微组分对水煤浆性质的影响。结果表明,在相近的灰分含量下,对于烟煤较高的镜质组、较低的丝质组含量有利于煤的成浆性和稳定性。从多元线性回归结果来看,镜质组和丝质组的含量对煤浆成浆性和流变性的影响较为明显,稳定组分的含量对水煤浆性质的影响较小。丝质组含量对稳定性作用明显,当煤中丝质组含量低于30%时,煤浆产生软沉淀的时间一般都在15d以上。煤的平均最大镜质组反射率与煤的成浆性具有较好的相关性,成浆性随煤的最大镜质组反射率增加而增加,因此可以用最大镜质组反射率来预测煤的成浆性。

不同粒级的焦煤和肥煤其性质研究

焦煤和肥煤是优质的炼焦煤资源,为研究焦煤和肥煤粒级变化对焦炭质量的影响,对几种焦煤和肥煤五个粒级(>13mm、 13~6mm、6~3mm、3~0.5mm、<0.5mm)的煤样进行了煤质指标分析,并研究了焦煤和肥煤不同粒级其坩埚焦的热性质。实验结果表明,随着焦煤和肥煤粒级的增大,挥发分含量和镜质组含量减少,惰质组含量增加。肥煤和焦煤在粒级<0.5mm和>13mm时,灰分含量最高。同一煤种不同筛分粒级煤样的黏结性和结焦性指标存在差异,煤样粒级在3~0.5mm时,焦煤和肥煤的黏结指数G、奥阿膨胀度b值及总膨胀度(a+b)以及胶质层最大厚度Y值达到最大。3~0.5mm粒级煤样所炼坩埚焦其反应性(PRI)最低,反应后强度(PSR)最高。

Deformation characteristics of surrounding rock of broken and soft rock roadway

A similar material model and a numerical simulation were constructed and are described herein. The deformation and failure of surrounding rock of broken and soft roadway are studied by using these models. The deformation of the roof and floor, the relative deformation of the two sides and the deformation of the deep surrounding rock are predicted using the model. Measurements in a working mine are compared to the results of the models. The results show that the surrounding rock shows clear theological features under high stress conditions. Deformation is unequally distributed across the whole section. The surrounding rock exhibited three deformation stages： displacement caused by stress concentration, theological displacement after the digging effects had stabilized and displacement caused by supporting pressure of the roadway. Floor heave was serious, accounting for 65% of the total deformation of the roof and floor. Floor heave is the main reason for failure of the surrounding rock. The reasons for deformation of the surrounding rock are discussed based on the similar material and numerical simulations.

Influence of Lithological Characters of Coal Bearing Formation on Stability of Roof of Coal Seams

Lithology is one of the important factors influencing the stability of roof of coal seams. In order to investigate this, the phenomenon of underground pressure and distribution of pressure were studied by using the local observation and simulation test with similar materials. The observation results show that the distance of initial weighting and periodic weighting of the mudstone roof is shorter than that of sandstone roofs. The sandstone roof with a high strength has a longer distance of initial weighting and periodic weighting, the abutment stress on the working face is big and the height of caving and fracture zone is high. The peak point of abutment stress in the sandstone roof is near to the working face and the pressure bump is inclined to occur. The result is contrary to that in case of the mudstone roof with a low strength. While in the transition zone of nipped sandstone, roof rock-mass is broken and is poor in stability, therefore, it is difficult to hold the roof.

Predicting coal mining faults using combined rock relationships

By studying different compressive strengths and changes in the characteristics of rocks,five variables were selected to predict faults in coal mines. Drillholes in the mined area were divided into two populations, i.e., drillholes containing faults and drillholes without faults. Discriminant functions were established from the values of the five variables using Fisher's approach. Drillholes in the non-mined areas were allocated to one of the two populations by using discriminant functions. The terrenes of each drillhole were divided into 10 sections, above and below a minable coal seam. Each section has 10 layers of rocks. The population to which each drillhole in a section belongs is sorted out and the probability of each drillhole with faults obtained,i.e., a contour map of predicting the probability of faults in coal mining is shown. A comparison with the real distribution of faults shows that the precision of accurately predicting faults is greater than 70 per cent.

Analysis of the mechanical property of mudstone/shale in paralic coal measures and its influence factors

The mechanical property of mudstone/shale in coal measures is a key factor of engineering mechanics that influences the development of shale gas. A rock mechanics test was performed in order to analyze the complete stress-strain mechanic characteristics and influence factors of mudstone/shale in paralic coal measures, from the Carboniferous-Permian periods in a coal field of Northern China. The relationship between the mechanical properties of mudstone/shale in coal measures, and its chemical component, water content are established, and their models are constructed. Research results show that mud- stone/shale has low mechanical strength, low elastic modulus and a high Poisson＇s ratio. The complete stress-strain curve has apparent elastoplastic deformation characteristics, and after reaching peak strength, it exhibits obvious strain softening characteristics. The uniaxial compressive strength of mudstone/shale and its elastic modulus increases exponentially with the increase of SiO2 content, and as the ignition loss increases, the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of mudstone/shale will decrease according to the law of power function. The compressive strength of mudstone/shale and its elastic modulus will decrease with the increase of water content in mudstone/shale.

THE INERT HOLDING RATIO OF COAL AND THE STRENGTH OF COKE

The variation regularity of coke strength was investigated in terms of the genetic factors and petrographic parameters of coal in collaboration with the technical properties of coal. A concept of inert holding ratio of coal was proposed. There is an optimal inert holding ratio for different ranks of coals for making coke with highest combined strength. The additive property of inert holding ratio under normal conditions was demonstrated with actual examples of coal blending.Thus it is possible to predict the combined strength of coke through reflectance, content of inert components and caking index diagram system.

Controlling the effect of a distant extremely thick igneous rock in overlying strata on coal mine disasters

Based on theoretical analysis, similarity simulation tests, numerical simulation analysis and field observations, we analyzed rock collapse and rules of fraction evolution of overlying rocks and studied the rules in controlling the effect of an extremely thick igneous rock, found above a main mining coal seam in an area prone to coal mine disasters in the Haizi Coal Mine. The results show that this igneous rock, called a "main key stratum", will not subside nor break for a long time, causing lower fractures and bed separations not to close. The presence of igneous rock plays an important role in rock bursts, mine floods, gas outburst and surface subsidence in coal mines. By analyzing the rules in controlling the effect of this igneous rock, we provide useful references for safety and high efficiency mining in coal mines under special geological conditions.

STUDY ON SIMULATION EXPERIMENT OF EQUIVALENT MATERIAL APPLIED IN COAL MINE

Based on simulation experiments of a number of scientific research items, the latest progress of experiment method and test technique about equivalent material simulation are introduced. The bevelopment of experiment technique makes analogy simulation evolve into quantitative research about support-surrounding rock relationship from qualitative experiment.From this, large scale stereoscopic simulation experiment is developed, which has never appeared in underground pressure research in China. The present mold specification is 3 - 6 m×2. 0 m ×1. 5 m.

Petrographic characteristics coals, Mahanadi Gondwana and paleomires of Mand-Raigarh Basin, Chhattisgarh, India

Mand-Raigarh coalfield is one of the largest coalfields in the Mahanadi basin. The Geological Survey of India carried out initial study primarily on exploration. However, detailed petrographic and geochemical characters of the coals have not been done so far. This investigation is an attempt for petrographic and geochemical appraisal of the coals. Moreover, effort is also made for possible interpretation on development of coal facies. The results drawn from 30 composite coal samples suggest coals are rich in vitrinite, with collotelinite as the dominant maceral while liptinite macerals register low concentration. Dominant mineral assemblages found were clay minerals, pyrite was recorded as disseminated, framboidal and euhedral forms, carbonates recorded were mainly siderites. The vitrinite reflectance random （VRo） mean values range from 0.44 % to 0.56 %, and the rank of coal is suggested as high volatile ＇B＇ to ＇A＇ sub- bituminous in rank. The rock-eval pyrolysis reveal TOC content varying from 37 % to 68.83 %, while low hydrocarbon generating potential is evident from low $2 and Tmax values. The Hydrogen Index （HI） versus Oxygen Index （OI） plot reveal that the samples belong to Kerogen type--II-III with input dominantly from terrestrial source, some samples also fall in Kerogen type--II domain indicating lacustrine input. Vitrinite reflectance result indicate that the samples are immature and approaching oil window, which is in agreement with data of the Rock-Eval parameters. The gelification index （GI） and tissue preservation index （TPI） indicate that the coal developed in a telematic set up with high tree density. The ground water index （GWI） and vegetation index （VI） demonstrate that the peat developed as an ombrogenous bog.

炼焦煤的煤岩特征对其结焦性质的影响

随着煤岩测定技术的进步，炼焦煤的煤岩性质已在炼焦配煤中得到广泛应用。通过对多种单种煤和配合煤的煤岩特征以及对应的40kg试验焦炉所炼焦炭的性质进行分析和比较，结果表明：单煤种的R0加。在1．3％～1．5％间，所炼制焦炭的冷态机械强度（M40和M10）最好，其热性质（反应性CRI和反应后强度CSR）也较好；配合煤反射率分布图特征越接近正态分布，则所炼制的焦炭冷态机械强度（M40、M10）就较好，配合煤反射率分布图特征偏离正态分布越远，其焦炭热性质越差；40kg试验焦炉所得焦炭的反应性CRI高，其反应后强度CSR较低，存在负相关线形关系。