Al2O3-SiO2-CaO-FeO四元体系煤灰结构及流动性关系的实验和理论研究

将分子动力学、热力学计算与实验结合研究了Al2O3-SiO2-CaO-FeO四元体系灰渣黏度变化机理。在Al2O3-SiO2-CaO-FeO四元体系中,钙铁质量比(简称钙铁比,下同)增加,黏度下降,黏温曲线类型由结晶渣转变为玻璃渣,钙铁比为2时为黏温特性转变的拐点。钙铁比小于2时,体系中的矿物质主要是结晶矿物质,体系中降温过程中生成晶体矿物较多,当钙铁比大于2时,体系以无定形矿物质为主;从微观角度分析,钙铁比增加导致体系中Al由六配位([AlO6]9-)转变为四配位([AlO4]5-),钙铁两种原子对体系中六配位铝的影响存在竞争作用。体系中的桥氧含量降低,体系的聚合程度降低,稳定性降低。通过四元体系的氧键为桥梁,建立了碱性组分含量与黏度的函数关系。

加筋粉煤灰高支挡结构有限元分析

采用有限单元分析的数学方法，应用弹性非线性岩土模型，成功地对一加筋粉煤灰支挡结构力学性状进行了分析，计算过程模拟了逐层施工．数值计算结果与原位测试基本一致，并为加筋土技术应用于大型、重要工程提供了技术基础．

约束蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体结构抗震性能研究

研究了蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体结构抗震能力,采用非线性时程分析方法,分别对两栋典型的蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体结构进行了非线性地震反应分析,研究了在抗震设防"三水准"情况下结构的抗震能力。结果表明:在抗震设防烈度为7度和8度地区分别建造7层和6层约束蒸压粉煤灰砖砌体结构房屋,其抗震能力可以提高一度。

Effect of sodium sulfate on strength and microstructure of alkali-activated fly ash based geopolymer

The main objective of this paper focuses on the changes that occur in the strength and microstructural properties of sodium silicate activated fly ash based geopolymer due to varying the sulfate salt and water content.A series of tests including X-ray diffraction,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,physical adsorption and unconfined compressive strength were used to investigate this effect.The results indicate that the higher water content has an adverse effect on the alkali activation and microstructural properties of geopolymer,so the optimum mass ratio of sodium sulfate in alkali-activated geopolymer under different water-to-binder ratios shows a“peak shifting”phenomenon,i.e.,the higher the water-to-binder ratio,the higher the optimum mass ratio.Lower presence of sodium sulfate has no significant effect on the alkali-activated geopolymer systems;higher addition of sodium sulfate,however,could cause the symmetrical stretching vibration of Si—O and the symmetrical stretching vibration of Si—O—Si and Al—O—Si,and promote the formation of N-A-S-H gels.Furthermore,the cement effect of the gel and sodium sulfate aggregate could improve the integrity of pore structure obviously.The maximum strength of geopolymer curing at ambient temperature was 52 MPa.This study obtains the rule that the strength properties of alkali-activated geopolymers vary with the water-to-binder ratio and sodium sulfate content.The feasibility of geopolymer co-activated by sodium sulfate and sodium silicate was investigated,and reference for engineering application of alkali-activated geopolymer in salt-bearing areas was provided.

Improved Sorting Scheme of Microstructure of Fly Ash

Aiming at the problem of the existing sorting for microstructure of fly ash, an improved scheme was put forward in this paper. First, fly ash particles are divided into four groups as low calcium, iron, high calcium and char particle according to the substance components of fly ash. Then fly ash particles are divided into 14 sub groups, for example: cenospheres, plerospheres, solid spheres, porous char and dense char based on their chemical composition, shape and the characteristics of inner structure of fly ash. It has a distinct difference in granule configuration, inner structure and substance components. Some disadvantages of the existing scheme such as unilateralism and imprecision have been overcome in the advanced schemes.

Effect of activator on rheological properties of alkali-activated slag-fly ash pastes

The time-dependent rheological behaviors of alkali-activated cement(AAC)are expected to be precisely controlled,in order to meet the requirements of modern engineering practices.In this paper,the effects of activator,including the Na_(2)O concentration and SiO_(2)/Na_(2)O(S/N)molar ratio,on the rheological behavior of alkali-activated slag fly ash pastes were investigated.The small amplitude oscillatory shear(SAOS)and shear test were used to evaluate the structural build-up and flowability of pastes.Besides,zeta potential measurement,calorimetric test and thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)were carried out to reveal the physico-chemical mechanisms behind the rheological evolution of fresh pastes.It was found that high Na_(2)O concentration and low S/N molar ratio improved the flowability and structural build-up rate of paste.Moreover,the structural build-up of alkali-activated slag-fly ash pastes consists of two stages,which is controlled by the dissolution of solid reactants and formation of C-(A)-S-H gels,respectively.

Experimental investigation of performance properties and agglomeration behavior of fly ash from gasification of corncobs

The gasification industries make use of biomass residue as feedstock to produce synthesis gas,but the gasification of this waste biomass generates tons of ash everyday.Performance properties and agglomeration behavior of corncob ash(CCA) collected from the gasification of corncobs in a pilot-scale gasification station were investigated by using some experimental methods.Based on the chemical composition results,the agglomeration tendency of CCA from combustion and gasification process was also analyzed.Chemical analysis shows that the fly ash is mainly composed of inorganic matters formed by K,Mg,Ca,Na,Fe,Al,S,etc.The agglomeration characteristics indicate that the slagging degree increases with the increase of ashing temperature,and the slagging tendency of these CCA samples from gasification or combustion is different with various slagging indices.All CCA samples from combustion or gasification can cause slagging/fouling problems in thermal conversion systems.The applications of CCA are closely related to its performances,and CCA has the potential to be used in various fields,for example,as a material for ceramic products and activated carbon,as an adsorbent,as a crude fertilizer,and as a structural material.

Microstructures and thermal properties of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash

To analyze the feasibility of utilization of thermal technology in fly ash treatment, thermal properties and microstructures of municipal solid waste incineration （MSW1） fly ash were studied by measuring the chemical element composition, specific surface area, pore sizes, functional groups, TEM image, mineralogy and DSC-TG curves of raw and sintered fly ash specimens. The results show that MSWI fly ash particles mostly have irregular shapes and non-typical pore structure, and the supersonic treatment improves the pore structure; MSWI fly ash consists of Such crystals as SiO2, CaSO4 and silica-aluminates, and some soluble salts like KCl and NaCl. During the sintering process, mineralogy changes largely and novel solid solutions are produced gradually with the rise of temperature. Therefore, the utilization of a proper thermal technology not only destructs those persistent organic toxicants but also stabilizes hazardous heavy metals in MSWI fly ash.

Study on structural and compositional transitions of coal ash by using NMR

Structural and compositional transitions of Datong coal ash and its CaCO3 additional effects were carefully exam- ined at a temperature range of 300 to 1 600℃ by using XRD and solid state NMR. The quantitative estimation of amorphous structures of ashes can be successfully obtained through the analyses of solid state NMR spectra. Viscosity of molten ash and its changes with CaCO3 addition were also evaluated up to 1 700 ℃ by using a rotary type viscometer. Glasses with poor crystalline and amorphous phase were continuously formed through the eutectic reaction of silica above fusing temperature （FT〉1 500 ℃） that caused broadening and shift of 29Si and 27A1 peaks in NMR results. With the additional amount of CaCO3 increasing, the peaks shifted to downfield obviously; the fraction of Si（OA1）0（OSi）4 decreased, while that of Si（OA1）l（OSi）l at 84.3 x 10-6 increased apparently. These transitions indicated the destruction of large alumina-silicate framework into small segments by the addition of Ca ion.