煤矿采矿安全与事故防控

在全球范围内,煤矿采矿安全与事故防控一直是备受关注的议题。本文概述煤矿采矿安全,并结合煤矿安全事故案例,分析事故原因,提出预防和整改措施。

煤矿采矿安全管理与事故防范策略分析

对于我国的煤矿采矿安全管理工作而言,其极具系统性及复杂性,在开展煤矿采矿安全管理工作的过程中,煤矿企业必须要对其进行高度重视,在工作现场也要将设施的建设及管理工作做好,对于管理方面的机制也要不断进行完善,同时也要采用先进的管理技术及手段,只有这样,煤矿采矿工作才能安全的开展,而煤矿企业才能进行科学的管理。基于此,本文围绕煤矿采矿安全管理工作存在的问题进行了详细的分析,对于事故的防范对策也进行了深入的探讨。

煤矿安全管理浅析

煤矿安全生产工作事关人民群众的根本利益,要标本兼治,重在治本,搞好煤矿安全的得力措施是思想意识、基础管理、管理配合、宣贯执行等。

Study on Critical,Modern Technology for Mining in Gassy Deep Mines

To achieve safe and highly efficient mining in the gassy, deep mines of the Huainan collieries simultaneous coal and gas extraction, and the corresponding ventilation methods were developed. This includes a set of mining procedures and principles which help insure safe and efficient production. Furthermore, green mining, meaning the comprehensive use of emitted gas, proper treatment of the environment and appropriate mine temperature control, is now standard. The concepts of modem mining and the principles of pressure relief are described. Coal-gas simultaneous ex- traction and multi-pressure relief techniques were developed which require a combination of surface and underground gas extraction. The application of Y-ventilation systems, of roadways retained along goafs, of stress control techniques for highly fragile mine roofs and of powerful, automatic and reliable mining equipment contributes to safe operation of modem deep mines. Operating parameters for these techniques are described and the results of their use discussed.

Hazard identification for equipment-related fatal incidents in the U.S.underground coal mining

Based on the number of fatalities per year, a persistent area of concern in mine safety continues to be equipment related. Data from the period 1995 through 2007 were studied in order to identify major hazards for underground mining equipment-related fatal incidents and to perform an analysis of those that occurred over the last 13 years. Reports on equipment-related fatal incidents were obtained from the Mine Safety and Health Administration （MSHA）. The results show that underground mining equipment including continuous miner, shuttle car, roof bolter, load-haul-dump （LHD）, Iongwall and hoisting contributed to a total of 69 mining-related fatalities. The study reveals that the major hazard for continuous mining equipment-related fatal incidents is ＂Failure of victim to respect equipment working area＂, while the highest number of fatalities for shuttle car is attributed to the hazard ＂Failure of mechanical components.＂ The study further reveals that the highest number of fatalities for roof bolter, LHD, and Iongwall are attributed to the hazards ＂Working under unsupported roof＂, ＂Failure of management to provide safe working conditions＂, and ＂Failure of mechanical components＂, respectively. It is determined that one fatality for the hoisting system is attributed to the hazard ＂Failure of mechanical components＂ and one to the hazard ＂Failure to follow safe maintenance procedure＂. Finally, approaches to prevention were also discussed in this paper.

Roadway deformation during riding mining in soft rock

"Riding mining" is a form of mining where the working face is located above the roadway and advances parallel to it.Riding mining in deep soft rock creates a particular set of problems in the roadway that include high stresses,large deformations,and support difficulties.Herein we describe a study of the rock deformation mechanism of a roadway as observed during riding mining in deep soft rock.Theoretical analysis,numerical simulations,and on site monitoring were used to examine this problem.The stress in the rock and the visco-elastic behavior of the rock are considered.Real time data,recorded over a period of 240 days,were taken from a 750 transportation roadway.Stress distributions in the rock surrounding the roadway were studied by comparing simulations to observations from the mine.The rock stress shows dynamic behavior as the working face advances.The pressure increases and then drops after peaking as the face advances.Both elastic and plastic deformation of the surrounding rock occurs.Plastic deformation provides a mechanism by which stress in the rock relaxes due to material flow.A way to rehabilitate the roadway is suggested that will help ensure mine safety.

RESEARCH ON RISK OF SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION IN MINING AREA OF FULLY-MECHANIZED WORKING FACE WITH TOP-COAL DRAWING

Air leakage velocity in intake goaf and distribution of air leakage in mining area are determined by Instantaneous and steady liberation of tracer gas SF6. Gas concentration and temperature in gob are measured and three oxidation areas in goaf are determined. According to oxidation experiment of coal and in-site measurements, the gases of carbon monoxide and dioxide can be produced laraely by coal and oxygen combination at ambient temperature and the temperature of coai and rock In goaf con rise 10℃ due to heat produced by coai and oxygen combination.There is a great risk of spontaneous combustion in neighboring oId gob because of air leakage for pillar mining.

The impacts of MINER Act of 2006 on the U.S.mining industry

Several high-profile coal mining accidents since 2006 that killed 27 coal miners have prompted the passing of the Mine Improvement and New Emergency Response Act of 2006 (MINER Act) which was signed into law in 2006,and the proposed S-MINER Act of 2007,which passed the House of Representative in early 2008.The four coal mining accidents are described that are believed to be responsible for both the MINER Act and proposed S-MINER Act,and their potential impacts on the U.S.mining industry.

The Research of thick seam mining methods

China＇s total coal reserves are enormous, in which recoverable reserves of coal seam thickness ofmineable coal reserves in China accounted for 43% of recoverable reserves When correctly using thick seam mining, mining methods can improve the proper thick seam mining rate and reduce coal loss. Using proper thick seam mining method can effectively reduce the thick seam mining costs. In mining safety, the use of appropriate thick seam mining methods can effectively prevent thick seam mining accidents. But in the process of development and current situation from the perspective of the Chinese coal mining, there are certain aspects of thick seam mining problems. These problems are mainly in the thick seam mining and the coal recovery rate is low, resulting in lots of waste coal. Besides, thick coal mining is less secure, safe and there are frequent accidents. These problems have seriously affected the thick seam mining. And a lot of thick coal seams of coal resources can not be effectively taken out. Now Chinese mining methods in thick seam mining areas are mainly open-pit mining and underground mining exploitation. Because of the open-pit coal burial depth has more stringent requirements, only used in shallow-depth areas. Underground mining is the primary way China is now using in thick seam mining. Underground mining methods include full-height slice mining and mechanized mining caving mining method once adopted. Research on these thick seam mining methods can provide theoretical and technical support for thick seam mining, thick seam mining techniques to enhance the level . I will combine the current situation of thick seam mining in Chinese study with thick seam mining methods, comments and suggestions for the current thick seam mining study