工学结合课程建设的主要思路——以兰州石化职业技术学院炼油技术专业《燃料油生产技术》课程为例

工学结合是高等职业教育理念的重大变革。《燃料油生产技术》是首批国家示范性高等职业院校——兰州石化职业技术学院首批获中央财政重点支持专业—炼油技术专业的首批工学结合课程,本文介绍了《燃料油生产技术》课程实行工学结合的主要思路。

基于工作过程重组课程体系——以《燃料油生产技术》课程改革为案例

与企业合作按照基于工作过程的课程开发模式对首批国家建设的高职高专示范专业(兰州石化职业技术学院炼油技术专业)的专业领域核心课程(《燃料油生产技术》)进行改革,课程改革的重点是将与课程直接相关的课程群按照燃料油生产的工作过程重新组合,进行模块化教学,改革效果良好。

船用燃料油现状及未来发展分析

综述了燃料油释义及来源,分析了国内外船用燃料油市场消费情况,介绍了燃料油国内外标准的诞生和演化。从低硫船用燃料油生产工艺、调和技术和稳定性评价方法 3个方面详细阐述了现有船用燃料油生产技术现状。指出了在国际海事组织(IMO)碳减排目标下船舶燃料动力的替代方案,并从清洁替代燃料的生产成本、技术成熟度、配套设施及标准规范等方面,分析替代材料规模化、商业化应用前景及面临的挑战。最后,对船舶燃料的未来发展趋势进行了展望。

Techno-economic and Environmental Assessments of SAF from Bioamss:An Review

This review presents a comprehensive techno-economic and life-cycle assessment of sustainable aviation fuel(SAF)production from biomass.The critical need for transitioning towards environmentally sustainable alternatives for liquid fuel and aviation industry is first discussed.Key insights encompass the evolutionary progression of biofuel production from first-generation to second-generation biofuels,with a focus on utilizing non-food sources like woody biomass for enhanced sustainability.Available data from the literature on techno-economic assessments of various SAF production pathways are analyzed including production costs,conversion efficiency,and scalability.Moreover,results of lifecycle assessments associated with different SAF production pathways are presented,providing essential insights for decision-making processes.The challenges of scaling up woody biomass-based SAF production are discussed based on the assessment results,and recommendations are proposed to steer stakeholders towards a greener and more sustainable trajectory for aviation operations.

Microwave-Assisted Decarboxylation of Sodium Oleate and Renewable Hydrocarbon Fuel Production

The carboxyl terminal of sodium oleate has a stronger polarity than that of oleic acid;this terminal is more likely to be dipole polarized and ionically conductive in a microwave field.Sodium oleate was used as the model compound to study the decarboxylation of oleic acid leading to hydrocarbon formation via microwave-assisted pyrolysis technology.The pyrolysis gas,liquid,and solid products were precisely analyzed to deduce the mechanism for decarboxylation of sodium oleate.Microwave energy was able to selectively heat the carboxyl terminal of sodium oleate.During decarboxylation,the double bond in the long hydrocarbon chain formed a p-πconjugated system with the carbanion intermediate.The resulting p-πconjugated system was more stable and beneficial to the pyrolysis reaction(decarboxylation,terminal allylation,isomerization,and aromatization).The physical properties of pyrolysis liquid were generally similar to those of diesel fuel,thereby demonstrating the possible use of microwaves for controlling the decarboxylation of sodium oleate in order to manufacture renewable hydrocarbon fuels.

Fruit Waste and Sugarcane Bagasse as Potential Natural Resources of Mineral and Lipophilic Substances

The objectives of this study were to explore alternatives for using fruit waste and sugarcane bagasse as important sources for new products and potential applications in the food industry. Fast foods are part of modern life, as well as sources for producing biofuels based on biomass. The mineral content and compounds of nutritional interest, such as lipophilic substances, were determined in fruit waste （orange peels, passion fruit, bananas, grapes） and sugarcane bagasse. Significant differences were found in the samples tested, where minerals, such as potassium, nitrogen, zinc and iron, were found in fruit residues （bananas, oranges, passion fruit） and sugarcane bagasse. Banana residues were the most important source of minerals, followed by orange peels. Gas chromatography mass spectrography （GC-MS） analyses of the lipophilic fractions obtained from the plant residues revealed the presence of mostly saturated （palmitic, stearic） and unsaturated （oleic and linoleic） fatty acids, as well as other nutritionally valuable compounds, such as antioxidants （flavones in orange residues）. The residues studied here can be used for future research to optimize pretreatment and hydrolysis of biomass for bioethanol production.

Waste Plastic Conversion into Hydrocarbon Fuel like Low Sulfur Diesel

Energy plays a vital role in our modern civilization. Energy has needs in every sector all over the world, such as transportation, industrial development, home heating, and electricity production and in our daily life. Till now most of the energy production depends on the crude oil sources but in our planet the crude oil sources are limited. There is a probability that once these energy sources may come to an end, it could cause disastrous collapse of the human civilization considering the future fade of this universe scientist and researchers all over the world had been doing research for new alternate energy sources like solar energy, wind energy, bio-fuel etc. Plastics are produced mainly from crude oil. Incomprehensible amount of plastic bags are consumed every year all over the world and after use the discarded plastics bags become a severe problems to the natural environment. Dumping of these waste plastics create hazardous land fill problems, to avoid this problem transport of plastic waste to landfill cost $2800/ton. A new simple and cost effective technology has been developed for the conversion of the waste plastics into low sulfur diesel fuel. This developed technology can convert most types of waste plastic into low sulfur diesel fuel.

Products and production routes for the catalytic conversion of seed oil into fuel and chemicals: a comprehensive review

With the depletion of fossil resources, there is a need to find alternative resources of fuels and chemicals. The use of renewable feedstock such as those from seed oil processing is one of the best available resources that have come to the fore-front recently. This paper critically analyzes and highlights major factors in the biodiesel industry, such as seeds oil composition, production methods, properties of biodiesel, problems and potential solutions of using vegetable seed oil, the composition, quality and effective utilization of crude glycerol, the catalytic conversion of glycerol into possible fuels and chemicals.