发动机燃烧模拟器温度场分布研究

不论是在发动机中还是在燃烧模拟器内，边界条件对燃烧过程起着十分重要的影响。文章针对自行研制的定容燃烧模拟器温度场分布进行了相关的试验研究，测取了大量内部温度数据，得到了在现有加热模式状态下燃烧模拟器内的温度场分布规律。研究表明，在本燃烧模拟器内的几何中心温度与平均温度存在较大差异，这一结果说明在本燃烧模拟装置中，测试点的温度并不能代表模拟器的平均温度，也不能代表最高温度，在模拟燃烧的计算过程中，应充分考虑装置中温度分布规律及其对着火过程的影响。

常压夹带流气化/燃烧模拟器下超细煤粉燃尽特性试验研究

利用常压夹带流气化/燃烧模拟器,对元宝山褐煤进行了超细煤粉燃尽试验研究。在相同的试验条件下,考察了不同粒径超细煤粉的燃尽特性,得出超细粉在炉内的停留时间应在600 ms以上,最佳平均颗径50μm左右,这样既利于煤粉燃尽,又可兼顾煤粉的磨制经济性。此结果对超细煤粉再燃降低NOx排放的研究具有较好的参考价值。

Simulation of Catalytic Combustion of Methane in a Monolith Honeycomb Reactor

Catalytic combustion of CH4/air in monolith reactor is simulated using a commercial computational fluid dy-namic code. The user subroutines to describe the heterogeneous reaction at the channel wall in a single channel and at the channel walls in the whole reactor are incorporated into the program. The correctness of the method is verified by com-paring the simulation results with the experimental data for the whole reactor. Furthermore, it is observed that the model based on the whole reactor is more reasonable than that based on a single channel. Therefore, using the former, the effects of operating conditions such as inlet gas velocity, temperature, concentration and catalyst loading on methane conversion are investigated.

Numerical Simulation of Oxy-coal Combustion for a Swirl Burner with EDC Model

The characteristics of oxy-coal combustion for a swirl burner with a specially designed preheating chamber are studied numerically. In order to increase the accuracy in the prediction of flame temperature and igni- tion position, eddy dissipation concept （EDC） model with a skeletal chemical reaction mechanism was adopted to describe the combustion of volatile matter. Simulation was conducted under six oxidant stream conditions with dif- ferent OjN2/CO2 molar ratios： 21/79/0, 30/70/0, 50/50/0, 21/0/79, 30/0/70 and 50/0/50. Results showed that 02 en- richment in the primary oxidant stream is in favor of combustion stabilization, acceleration of ignition and increase of maximum flame temperature, while the full substitution of N2 by CO2 in the oxidant stream delays ignition and decreases the maximum flame temperature. However, the overall flow field and flame shapes in these cases are very similar at the same flow rate of the primary oxidant stream. Combustion characteristics of the air-coal is similar to that of the oxy-coal with 30% 02 and 70% CO2 in the oxidant stream, indicating that the rear condition is suitable for retrofitting an air-coal fired boiler to an oxy-coal one. The swirl burner with a specially designed preheating chamber can increase flame temperature, accelerate ignition and enhance burning intensity of pulverized coal under oxy-coal combustion. Also, qualitative experimental validation indicated the burner can reduce the overall NOx emission under certain 02 enrichment and oxy-coal combustion conditions against the air-coal combustion.

Numerical Heat Transfer Modelling for Rapid Impact Assessment of Limiting Thermostat Reliability on Fuel-Oil Burner Pre-Heaters： A Case Study

In this paper, the impact of limiting thermostat on the rupture event occuring in Fuel-Oil burner fuel pre-heaters＇ resistant （heat generating） wires is inspected numerically. Gaseous fuel content in the pipeline has also been issued as a possibility. Heater＇s inner temperature distributions have been simulated by an in-house MATrix LABoratory （MATLAB） script in order to understand the resistant wire exposure to high temperatures by numerous scenarios. It is concluded that the effect of fuel flowrate is not a major effect on the wires＇ fate because of the limiting thermostat co-working. The main difference between the calculations is the effect of thermostat cut off function. The numerical simulations enlightened the dominant effect of thermostat sensing delay, so the overheating event. Intolerable delay results with a quick drop in the thermal efficiency and an increased possibility on wire rupture due to overheating which means a burner malfunction. Referring to the first numerical simulation results, a distributed and reduced heat flux was implemented with the same fluid and thermodynamic properties on a revised pre-heater model with an increased heater plate. The increment, thus the reduction on the heat flux of the ribbon wires has been noted as the key for safe operation.

Numerical study of high-pressure GO_2/GH_2 combustion of a single-element injector

A single-element shear-coaxial combustor using gaseous hydrogen(GH2) and oxygen(GO2) was designed and hot-tested.The wall temperature was measured.The combustion flowfield of this GH2 /GO2 single-element combustor was modeled by RANS(Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes) and LES(Large Eddy Simulation) methods respectively.The impact of using various turbulence and turbulent combustion models was investigated to obtain the model combination which best represented the experimental data in the RANS modeling.The flamelet model was used in the LES modeling and the validity of its application to the GH2 /GO2 combustion in the combustor was carefully examined.The combustor wall heat flux distributions of both RANS and LES results show good agreement with the experimental data.The experimental wall temperature distribution can be clearly explained through analyzing the inner flowfield structure.The results indicate that both RANS and LES used in this paper can give good predictions of the development of the whole flowfield and the combustion completion length.LES can resolve large-scale flow motions in the combustor and accurately predict the influence of the wall heat loss on the combustion efficiency.

Large eddy simulation of unconfined turbulent swirling flow

Large eddy simulations(LES) were performed to study the non-reacting flow fields of a Cambridge swirl burner. The dynamic Smagorinsky eddy viscosity model is used as the sub-grid scale turbulence model. Comparisons of experimental data show that the LES results are capable of predicting mean and root-mean-square velocity profiles. The LES results show that the annular swirling flow has a minor impact on the formation of the bluff-body recirculation zone. The vortex structures near the shear layers, visualized by the iso-surface of Q-criterion, display ring structures in non-swirling flow and helical structures in swirling flow near the burner exit. Spectral analysis was employed to predict the occurrence of flow oscillations induced by vortex shedding and precessing vortex core(PVC). In order to extract accurately the unsteady large-scale structures in swirling flow, a three-dimensional proper orthogonal decomposition(POD) method was developed to reconstruct turbulent fluctuating velocity fields. POD analysis reveals that flow fields contain co-existing helical and toroidal shaped coherent structures. The helical structure associated with the PVC is the most energetic dynamic flow structure. The latter toroidal structure associated with vortex shedding has lower energy content which indicates that it is a secondary structure.

Mathematical Modeling of Flow Field in CeramicCandle Filter

Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) is one of the candidates to achieve stringent environmental regulation among the clean coal technologies. Advancing the technology of the hot gas cleanupsystems is the most critical component in the development of the IGCC. Thus the aim of this study isto understand the flow field in the ceramic filter and the influence of ceramic filter in removal of theparticles contained in the hot gas flow. The numerical model based on the Reynolds stress turbulencemodel with the Darcy’s law in the porous region is adopted. It is found that the effect of the porosityin the flowfield is negligibly small while the effect of the filter length is significant. It is also found asthe permeability decreases, the reattachment point due to the flow separation moves upstream. Thisis because the fluid is sucked into the filter region due to the pressure drop before the flow separationoccurs. The particle follows well with the fluid stream and the particle is directly sucked into the filterdue to the pressure drop even in the flow separation region.