清江水布垭库区大堰塘滑坡涌浪分析

2007年6月15日位于水布垭水库巴东县清太平镇的大堰塘滑坡发生滑动,激起高达50m的巨大涌浪,造成了沿岸的人员伤亡。为了解决大堰塘滑坡引起的涌浪问题,把滑坡引起的涌浪分为体积涌浪和冲击涌浪两部分。根据体积守恒原理及块体水下运动的位移公式求出了初始涌浪的计算公式。把滑坡涌浪衰减过程分为急剧衰减和缓慢衰减两个阶段来考虑,并认为急剧衰减阶段的涌浪的衰减符合指数衰减规律,缓慢衰减阶段符合明槽水流的沿程水头损失规律,对其涌浪的传播和爬坡进行了深入探讨,并与实际调查结果进行了对比分析,该成果对水库库岸滑坡的涌浪传播的研究具有一定的参考意义。

可伐合金与玻璃一步封接工艺的研究

研究了玻璃与具有Fe3O4氧化膜的可伐合金的封接工艺。结果表明最佳熔封温度为980℃,熔封时间为30 min。在此基础上,开发出将脱碳、氧化和熔封集于一个升降温周期的一步封接工艺。该工艺是将未氧化的可伐合金和玻坯首先升温至500℃并氧化40 min,而后升温至980℃并保温30 min,最后缓慢降至室温。结果表明,当采用该工艺时,与传统工艺相比不仅能简化操作,而且封接件的封接质量更高、可靠性更好。

Study on the climbing height of double solitary waves along an oblique embankment around Shantou city

Tsunamis have a severe impact on marine coastal structures.Tsunami is generally simplified as solitary wave as they propagate,and the presence of the aftermath of Tsunami is similar to a second solitary wave.Waveform evolution occurs as solitary wave propagate down a gentle slope.This paper reveals the propagation of double solitary waves and slope climbing by numerical simulation where the prototype of the embankment is around Shantou city in the Guangdong Province,China.It not only enriches the theory of solitary wave,but also has important implications for the analysis of tsunami disaster mechanism and the hydrodynamic load characteristics of structures.Based on the average Navier-Stokes equation and the VOF approach,numerical simulation results are given,including changes in the velocity field of the climbing and falling process species.The results show that the double solitary waves produce a strong reflux effect,which results in the second solitary wave climbing significantly less than the height of the first solitary wave without the influence of the current.At the same time,double solitary waves can have a much stronger effect on the embankment.

三峡库区巫山县某崩塌体涌浪调查及计算分析

2008年11月23日,位于重庆市巫峡镇龙江村一社长江干流北岸的一山体在三峡水库蓄水及泄洪的影响下发生崩塌,激起10 m高的初始涌浪,爬坡浪对上下游一定范围内的码头、路面、航标、柑橘、灌木等造成不同程度的破坏。崩塌发生后第3 d对崩塌体的地质特征和上下游的涌浪爬坡痕迹及时进行现场调查。采用理论计算方法对崩塌体崩滑速度、入江体积、初始涌浪高度及涌浪的传播衰减、爬高进行计算,对比理论计算结果和调查数据得出:该崩塌体激起的涌浪在上游衰减速度快于下游衰减速度,且涌浪实际传播衰减过程中比计算值更早进入缓慢衰减阶段;潘家铮方法计算的初始涌浪高度及基于此而计算的传播浪爬坡高度与调查结果吻合较好,而采用守恒法计算初始涌浪高度偏低。此外,河道宽度变化、支流发育情况、走向变化等对涌浪衰减规律有较大的影响,理论计算公式中应充分考虑以上影响因素。