A double-dimensional big data assessment method on the characteristics of on-line taxi traffic operation is proposed to provide a scientific basis for carrying out the taxi industry reform and standardizing the on-lin...A double-dimensional big data assessment method on the characteristics of on-line taxi traffic operation is proposed to provide a scientific basis for carrying out the taxi industry reform and standardizing the on-line taxi hailing management work. Taking Shenzhen as an example, multi- source data such as on-line taxi license plate data, plate identification data and taxi （including on-line taxis） operation data are combined with the results of the stated preference （SP） survey on taxi operating characteristics to assess the overall operation characteristics of on-line taxis. The results show that the current on-line taxis in Shenzhen can be divided into three categories, that is, full-time on-line taxis, non- active on-line taxis and part-time on-line taxis, accounting for 4%, 55%, and 41%, respectively, of the total quantity. In terms of the characteristics of space-time operations, full-time on-line taxis have similar operating characteristics as those of traditional taxis; the operation of non-active on-line taxis and part-time on-line taxis coincides with commuting requirements during morning and evening peak hours. However, part-time on-line taxis operate for a much longer time period at night. Due to the convenient hailing and favorable price, on-line taxis have a significant impact on trip modes of citizens; and the substitution eflbct of on-line taxis on traditional buses and cruising taxis is obvious. It is beneficial for helping the government departments to objectively understand the development law of the on-line taxi industry and providing decision reference for the formulation of relevant management policies during the critical development stage of on-line taxi industry.展开更多
The objective of this study is to investigate the outcomes of co-branding strategy in the assessment of the brand managers of analysed companies on European market and verification if a co-branding gives the opportuni...The objective of this study is to investigate the outcomes of co-branding strategy in the assessment of the brand managers of analysed companies on European market and verification if a co-branding gives the opportunities for internal and external development. The analysis of correlation between the outcomes of co-branding and two major categories of co-branding strategy （ingredient branding and symbolic co-branding） are also important. In the paper the results of empirical studies are presented. Recent primary research （2009-2011） was conducted in 50 companies which are present in minimum three countries of Europe and have realized co-branding strategy for three years. Questionnaire surveys were carried out throughout all 120 identified companies. As a result, data from 50 companies were obtained, which amounted to 41.7% of all companies polled. The analysis of findings indicates the different outcomes in case of two major categories of co-branding strategy. The results show the general evaluation of the co-branded projects as well as the possibilities of the internal and external development. The results also emphasize the significance of symbolic character of the co-branding strategy. The recommendations in this study are set forth, of course, with the caveat as to the limitations of the sample. Nonetheless, it is believed that the results of this study will alert companies to the potential outcomes of co-branding taking into account the category of cooperation. This research has resulted in practical contribution. From the substantive stand point, this research has shed light on the outcomes of co-branding. This information can be useful for managers to understand which effects can be expected. From a theoretical and practical standpoint, this research contributes to brand alliances research and has provided a better understanding of outcomes of co-branding and the correlations between the possibilities of internal and external development and chosen category of co-branding strategy. This text may contribute to further research in this area and as a kind of motivator for further discussion on this topic.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71641005)
文摘A double-dimensional big data assessment method on the characteristics of on-line taxi traffic operation is proposed to provide a scientific basis for carrying out the taxi industry reform and standardizing the on-line taxi hailing management work. Taking Shenzhen as an example, multi- source data such as on-line taxi license plate data, plate identification data and taxi （including on-line taxis） operation data are combined with the results of the stated preference （SP） survey on taxi operating characteristics to assess the overall operation characteristics of on-line taxis. The results show that the current on-line taxis in Shenzhen can be divided into three categories, that is, full-time on-line taxis, non- active on-line taxis and part-time on-line taxis, accounting for 4%, 55%, and 41%, respectively, of the total quantity. In terms of the characteristics of space-time operations, full-time on-line taxis have similar operating characteristics as those of traditional taxis; the operation of non-active on-line taxis and part-time on-line taxis coincides with commuting requirements during morning and evening peak hours. However, part-time on-line taxis operate for a much longer time period at night. Due to the convenient hailing and favorable price, on-line taxis have a significant impact on trip modes of citizens; and the substitution eflbct of on-line taxis on traditional buses and cruising taxis is obvious. It is beneficial for helping the government departments to objectively understand the development law of the on-line taxi industry and providing decision reference for the formulation of relevant management policies during the critical development stage of on-line taxi industry.
文摘The objective of this study is to investigate the outcomes of co-branding strategy in the assessment of the brand managers of analysed companies on European market and verification if a co-branding gives the opportunities for internal and external development. The analysis of correlation between the outcomes of co-branding and two major categories of co-branding strategy （ingredient branding and symbolic co-branding） are also important. In the paper the results of empirical studies are presented. Recent primary research （2009-2011） was conducted in 50 companies which are present in minimum three countries of Europe and have realized co-branding strategy for three years. Questionnaire surveys were carried out throughout all 120 identified companies. As a result, data from 50 companies were obtained, which amounted to 41.7% of all companies polled. The analysis of findings indicates the different outcomes in case of two major categories of co-branding strategy. The results show the general evaluation of the co-branded projects as well as the possibilities of the internal and external development. The results also emphasize the significance of symbolic character of the co-branding strategy. The recommendations in this study are set forth, of course, with the caveat as to the limitations of the sample. Nonetheless, it is believed that the results of this study will alert companies to the potential outcomes of co-branding taking into account the category of cooperation. This research has resulted in practical contribution. From the substantive stand point, this research has shed light on the outcomes of co-branding. This information can be useful for managers to understand which effects can be expected. From a theoretical and practical standpoint, this research contributes to brand alliances research and has provided a better understanding of outcomes of co-branding and the correlations between the possibilities of internal and external development and chosen category of co-branding strategy. This text may contribute to further research in this area and as a kind of motivator for further discussion on this topic.
