The hydrolysis process of Ru（III） complex （HL）[trans-RuC14L（dmso-S）] （L=l-methyl-l,2,4- triazole and dmso-S=S-dimethyl sulfoxide） （1）, a potential antitumor complex similar to the well-known antitumor agent ...The hydrolysis process of Ru（III） complex （HL）[trans-RuC14L（dmso-S）] （L=l-methyl-l,2,4- triazole and dmso-S=S-dimethyl sulfoxide） （1）, a potential antitumor complex similar to the well-known antitumor agent （Him）[trans-RuC14 （dmso-S）（im）] （NAMI-A, im=imidazole）, was investigated using density functional theory combined with the conductor-like polarizable continuum model approach. Tile structural characteristics and the detailed energy profiles for the hydrolysis processes of this complex were obtained. For the first hydrolysis step, complex 1 has slightly higher barrier energies than the reported anticancer drug NAMI-A, and the result is in accordance with the experimental evidence indicating larger half-life for complex 1. For the second hydrolysis step, the formation of cis-diaqua species is thermodynamic preferred to that of trans isomers. In addition, on the basis of the analysis of electronic characteristics of species in the hydrolysis process, the trend in nucleophilic attack abilities of hydrolysis products by pertinent biomolecules is revealed and predicted.展开更多
Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether street basketball organized as 3 v 3 on either a half court(HC) with 1 basket or a full court(FC) with 2 baskets could improve fitness and health profil...Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether street basketball organized as 3 v 3 on either a half court(HC) with 1 basket or a full court(FC) with 2 baskets could improve fitness and health profiles of untrained men after 3 months of supervised training.Methods: Thirty-five untrained men(aged 20—42 years) completed the pre-and post-intervention testing(FC: n = 13, HC: n = 12, CO(control):n = 10). The training attendance was 2.0 ± 0.4 and 1.9 ± 0.3 times per week in FC and HC, respectively. Mean heart rate(HR) was 83.8 ± 6.0 percent of maximal heart rate(%HR_(max)) and 84.5 ± 2.9 %HR_(max) in FC and HC, respectively.Results: The 3 months of street basketball training on an FC with 2 baskets increased maximal oxygen uptake(2.4 mL/min/kg(95% confidence interval(CI): 1.0—3.9)), time to exhaustion(47 s(95%CI: 26—67)), lean body mass(0.8 kg(95%CI: 0.1—1.5)), and bone mineral density(0.021 g/cm^2(95%CI: 0.011—0.031)), whereas mean arterial pressure(—5.6 mm Hg(95%CI: —7.5 to 3.7)), body fat percentage(—1.6%,(95%CI: —2.5 to —0.7)), heart rate(—18 bpm(95%CI: —24 to —12)), and blood lactate(median: —1.4 mmol/L(interquartile range: —1.5 to —0.6)) during submaximal running were lowered. The changes were less pronounced after the training period when playing on an HC with 1 basket, but increases in maximal oxygen uptake(1.6 mL/min/kg(95%CI: —0.1 to 3.3)), time to exhaustion(28 s(95%CI: 9—47)), lean body mass(1.3 kg(95%CI: 0.3—2.4)), and lower body fat percentage(—0.9%(95%CI: —1.9 to —0.1)) were observed in this group.Conclusion: Three months of 3 v 3 street basketball training improved fitness and led to broad-spectrum improvements in variables related to overall health profile, with the most marked effects observed when playing on an FC with 2 baskets.展开更多
An efficient approach was proposed for discriminating shadows from moving objects. In the background subtraction stage, moving objects were extracted. Then, the initial classification for moving shadow pixels and fore...An efficient approach was proposed for discriminating shadows from moving objects. In the background subtraction stage, moving objects were extracted. Then, the initial classification for moving shadow pixels and foreground object pixels was performed by using color invariant features. In the shadow model learning stage, instead of a single Gaussian distribution, it was assumed that the density function computed on the values of chromaticity difference or bright difference, can be modeled as a mixture of Gaussian consisting of two density functions. Meanwhile, the Gaussian parameter estimation was performed by using EM algorithm. The estimates were used to obtain shadow mask according to two constraints. Finally, experiments were carried out. The visual experiment results confirm the effectiveness of proposed method. Quantitative results in terms of the shadow detection rate and the shadow discrimination rate(the maximum values are 85.79% and 97.56%, respectively) show that the proposed approach achieves a satisfying result with post-processing step.展开更多
The conventional Rackett model for predicting liquid molar volume has been modified to cater for the effect of molar composition of the Deep Eutectic Solvents(DES). The experimental molar volume data for a group of co...The conventional Rackett model for predicting liquid molar volume has been modified to cater for the effect of molar composition of the Deep Eutectic Solvents(DES). The experimental molar volume data for a group of commonly used DES has been used for optimizing the improved model. The data involved different molar compositions of each DES. The validation of the new model was performed on another set of DESs. The average relative deviation of the model on the training and validation datasets was approximately 0.1% while the Rackett model gave a relative deviation of more than 1.6%. The modified model deals with variations in DES molar composition and temperature in a more consistent way than the original Rackett model which exhibits monotonic performance degradation as temperature moves away from reference conditions. Having the composition of the DES as a model variable enhances the practical utilization of the predicting model in diverse design and process simulation applications.展开更多
A new apparatus was designed with a thick-walled glass capillary, electric heater tube with red copper and heat preservation. The thick-walled glass capillary was used for its advantages of resistance to acid corrosio...A new apparatus was designed with a thick-walled glass capillary, electric heater tube with red copper and heat preservation. The thick-walled glass capillary was used for its advantages of resistance to acid corrosion and pressure, and ease of observation. The experimental densities over the entire range of mole fraction for the binary mixture of p-xylene＋acetic acid and o-xylene＋acetic acid were measured using the new apparatus at temperatures ranging from 313.15K to 473.15K and pressure ranging from 0.20 to 2,0 MPa. The density values were used in the determination of excess molar volumes, W. The Redlich-Kister equation was used to fit the excess molar volume values, and the coefficients and estimate ot the standard error values were presented. The experimental resuits prove that the density measurement apparatus is successful.展开更多
Objective To examine the relationship between the vitamin D receptor(VDR) gene polymorphism and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in Shanghai. Methods 102 postmenopausal women recruited from Ruijin Hospital were os...Objective To examine the relationship between the vitamin D receptor(VDR) gene polymorphism and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in Shanghai. Methods 102 postmenopausal women recruited from Ruijin Hospital were osteoporotic. We measured the lumbar vertebrae and femur of all patients with a modal dual-energy X-ray absorptionmetry, and also the serum osteocalcin by ELISA. The VDR gene was amplified using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The VDR genotypes were determined by the PCR-RFLP. Results bb, aa and TT genotype were found mainly in these osteoporosis patients, only one BB and two tt were found among these patients. No significant association was observed among three subgroups of bb, Bb and BB. Conclusion The rareness of B and t alleles suggested that it is unlikely that they are important factors for the heredity of osteoporosis in Chinese women. Thus VDR gene typing may be of little value in assessing the osteoporosis risk in Chinese population.展开更多
Global warming that triggered the climate change is largely due to increased CO2 concentrations. Utilization of Chlorella sp. to reduce CO2 gas is a promising potential. Chlorella can efficiently reduce CO2 and easily...Global warming that triggered the climate change is largely due to increased CO2 concentrations. Utilization of Chlorella sp. to reduce CO2 gas is a promising potential. Chlorella can efficiently reduce CO2 and easily be adapted into the photobioreactor system engineering. In this research, the type of microalgae which is used is Chlorella vulgaris in Benneck medium. The system of used reactor is mid-scale bubble column photobioreactor flowed by air which contains 5% CO2. Chlorella vulgaris biomass production will be increased by adjusting the cell density in the photobioreactor. These arrangements will be implemented through a continuous treatment of cell entrapment. The arrangement of cell density in continuous reactor has been proven to increase production of Chlorella vulgaris biomass about 1.25 times more than cultivation without arrangement of cell density by using the same number of inoculums. The results also have shown that the average rate of CO2 fixation and Carbon Transfer Rate （CTR） are obtained at cell entrapment condition about 17 times larger. Continuous cellular entrapment method is very potential to be developed as a method for the production of biomass. Lipids and carotene that have been produced from Ch. vulgaris respectively are 18.24% and 9.42 ppm.展开更多
An equation of state （EOS） for high-pressure liquids, i.e., Tait EOS, is deduced according to isothermal 1 3V compressibility KT= -1/V· （2V/2p）T·.Based on the equation, a generalized EOS for high pressu...An equation of state （EOS） for high-pressure liquids, i.e., Tait EOS, is deduced according to isothermal 1 3V compressibility KT= -1/V· （2V/2p）T·.Based on the equation, a generalized EOS for high pressure-liquids is established by using the reduced state principle and introducing a characteristic parameter-configuration factor ξ. Reasonably satisfactory P-V-T data for many organic compounds, including some polar components, were calculated by using the equation.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.20903027）, the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province （No.9452402301001941）, and the Doctor Startup Fund of Guangdong Medical College （No.XB0802 and No.XB0804）.
文摘The hydrolysis process of Ru（III） complex （HL）[trans-RuC14L（dmso-S）] （L=l-methyl-l,2,4- triazole and dmso-S=S-dimethyl sulfoxide） （1）, a potential antitumor complex similar to the well-known antitumor agent （Him）[trans-RuC14 （dmso-S）（im）] （NAMI-A, im=imidazole）, was investigated using density functional theory combined with the conductor-like polarizable continuum model approach. Tile structural characteristics and the detailed energy profiles for the hydrolysis processes of this complex were obtained. For the first hydrolysis step, complex 1 has slightly higher barrier energies than the reported anticancer drug NAMI-A, and the result is in accordance with the experimental evidence indicating larger half-life for complex 1. For the second hydrolysis step, the formation of cis-diaqua species is thermodynamic preferred to that of trans isomers. In addition, on the basis of the analysis of electronic characteristics of species in the hydrolysis process, the trend in nucleophilic attack abilities of hydrolysis products by pertinent biomolecules is revealed and predicted.
文摘Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether street basketball organized as 3 v 3 on either a half court(HC) with 1 basket or a full court(FC) with 2 baskets could improve fitness and health profiles of untrained men after 3 months of supervised training.Methods: Thirty-five untrained men(aged 20—42 years) completed the pre-and post-intervention testing(FC: n = 13, HC: n = 12, CO(control):n = 10). The training attendance was 2.0 ± 0.4 and 1.9 ± 0.3 times per week in FC and HC, respectively. Mean heart rate(HR) was 83.8 ± 6.0 percent of maximal heart rate(%HR_(max)) and 84.5 ± 2.9 %HR_(max) in FC and HC, respectively.Results: The 3 months of street basketball training on an FC with 2 baskets increased maximal oxygen uptake(2.4 mL/min/kg(95% confidence interval(CI): 1.0—3.9)), time to exhaustion(47 s(95%CI: 26—67)), lean body mass(0.8 kg(95%CI: 0.1—1.5)), and bone mineral density(0.021 g/cm^2(95%CI: 0.011—0.031)), whereas mean arterial pressure(—5.6 mm Hg(95%CI: —7.5 to 3.7)), body fat percentage(—1.6%,(95%CI: —2.5 to —0.7)), heart rate(—18 bpm(95%CI: —24 to —12)), and blood lactate(median: —1.4 mmol/L(interquartile range: —1.5 to —0.6)) during submaximal running were lowered. The changes were less pronounced after the training period when playing on an HC with 1 basket, but increases in maximal oxygen uptake(1.6 mL/min/kg(95%CI: —0.1 to 3.3)), time to exhaustion(28 s(95%CI: 9—47)), lean body mass(1.3 kg(95%CI: 0.3—2.4)), and lower body fat percentage(—0.9%(95%CI: —1.9 to —0.1)) were observed in this group.Conclusion: Three months of 3 v 3 street basketball training improved fitness and led to broad-spectrum improvements in variables related to overall health profile, with the most marked effects observed when playing on an FC with 2 baskets.
基金Project(50805023)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(BA2010093)supported by the Special Fund of Jiangsu Province for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements,ChinaProject(2008144)supported by the Hexa-type Elites Peak Program of Jiangsu Province,China
文摘An efficient approach was proposed for discriminating shadows from moving objects. In the background subtraction stage, moving objects were extracted. Then, the initial classification for moving shadow pixels and foreground object pixels was performed by using color invariant features. In the shadow model learning stage, instead of a single Gaussian distribution, it was assumed that the density function computed on the values of chromaticity difference or bright difference, can be modeled as a mixture of Gaussian consisting of two density functions. Meanwhile, the Gaussian parameter estimation was performed by using EM algorithm. The estimates were used to obtain shadow mask according to two constraints. Finally, experiments were carried out. The visual experiment results confirm the effectiveness of proposed method. Quantitative results in terms of the shadow detection rate and the shadow discrimination rate(the maximum values are 85.79% and 97.56%, respectively) show that the proposed approach achieves a satisfying result with post-processing step.
基金Supported by Sultan Qaboos University,Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Department,Muscat Oman
文摘The conventional Rackett model for predicting liquid molar volume has been modified to cater for the effect of molar composition of the Deep Eutectic Solvents(DES). The experimental molar volume data for a group of commonly used DES has been used for optimizing the improved model. The data involved different molar compositions of each DES. The validation of the new model was performed on another set of DESs. The average relative deviation of the model on the training and validation datasets was approximately 0.1% while the Rackett model gave a relative deviation of more than 1.6%. The modified model deals with variations in DES molar composition and temperature in a more consistent way than the original Rackett model which exhibits monotonic performance degradation as temperature moves away from reference conditions. Having the composition of the DES as a model variable enhances the practical utilization of the predicting model in diverse design and process simulation applications.
基金Supported by China Petrochemical Corporation(X505012)
文摘A new apparatus was designed with a thick-walled glass capillary, electric heater tube with red copper and heat preservation. The thick-walled glass capillary was used for its advantages of resistance to acid corrosion and pressure, and ease of observation. The experimental densities over the entire range of mole fraction for the binary mixture of p-xylene＋acetic acid and o-xylene＋acetic acid were measured using the new apparatus at temperatures ranging from 313.15K to 473.15K and pressure ranging from 0.20 to 2,0 MPa. The density values were used in the determination of excess molar volumes, W. The Redlich-Kister equation was used to fit the excess molar volume values, and the coefficients and estimate ot the standard error values were presented. The experimental resuits prove that the density measurement apparatus is successful.
文摘Objective To examine the relationship between the vitamin D receptor(VDR) gene polymorphism and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in Shanghai. Methods 102 postmenopausal women recruited from Ruijin Hospital were osteoporotic. We measured the lumbar vertebrae and femur of all patients with a modal dual-energy X-ray absorptionmetry, and also the serum osteocalcin by ELISA. The VDR gene was amplified using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The VDR genotypes were determined by the PCR-RFLP. Results bb, aa and TT genotype were found mainly in these osteoporosis patients, only one BB and two tt were found among these patients. No significant association was observed among three subgroups of bb, Bb and BB. Conclusion The rareness of B and t alleles suggested that it is unlikely that they are important factors for the heredity of osteoporosis in Chinese women. Thus VDR gene typing may be of little value in assessing the osteoporosis risk in Chinese population.
文摘Global warming that triggered the climate change is largely due to increased CO2 concentrations. Utilization of Chlorella sp. to reduce CO2 gas is a promising potential. Chlorella can efficiently reduce CO2 and easily be adapted into the photobioreactor system engineering. In this research, the type of microalgae which is used is Chlorella vulgaris in Benneck medium. The system of used reactor is mid-scale bubble column photobioreactor flowed by air which contains 5% CO2. Chlorella vulgaris biomass production will be increased by adjusting the cell density in the photobioreactor. These arrangements will be implemented through a continuous treatment of cell entrapment. The arrangement of cell density in continuous reactor has been proven to increase production of Chlorella vulgaris biomass about 1.25 times more than cultivation without arrangement of cell density by using the same number of inoculums. The results also have shown that the average rate of CO2 fixation and Carbon Transfer Rate （CTR） are obtained at cell entrapment condition about 17 times larger. Continuous cellular entrapment method is very potential to be developed as a method for the production of biomass. Lipids and carotene that have been produced from Ch. vulgaris respectively are 18.24% and 9.42 ppm.
文摘An equation of state （EOS） for high-pressure liquids, i.e., Tait EOS, is deduced according to isothermal 1 3V compressibility KT= -1/V· （2V/2p）T·.Based on the equation, a generalized EOS for high pressure-liquids is established by using the reduced state principle and introducing a characteristic parameter-configuration factor ξ. Reasonably satisfactory P-V-T data for many organic compounds, including some polar components, were calculated by using the equation.
