物型空间学习教室构建下的班级管理策略

信息技术的快速发展,班级管理迎来崭新契机,物型空间学习教室的顺利建设,班主任需要做出更多策略应对,以适应新时代班级管理发展的实际需求。借助物型学习教室升级管理制度、发动学生参与物型学习教室建设维护活动、运用物型学习教室推开管理主题教育、整合优化物型学习教室教育资源,都能够为班级管理带来更多新变化,班主任教师要加强学习,更新管理理念,提升管理实效性。

“勤恳文化”:赋能学校高质量发展——我的办学实践与思考

优质本土文化是学校教育的重要载体和良好资源,在为学生培根铸魂、启智润心方面起着重要作用。基于南通农垦的优质本土文化,江苏省南通市苏锡通园区实验中学整体规划学校的发展蓝图,并逐步形成了自己的办学特色。从“勤垦”到“勤恳”,经文化提炼,牢筑学校发展的文化基础;建构“勤恳”物型,形成“一石一字一廊一苑一馆”的物型文化格局,营造学校发展的文化氛围;建构“稼穑课程”“同耕课堂”“润华德育”“共生教研”一体化实践体系,蓄积学校育人高质量发展的文化力量。

沿抛物线(t,t^2)的Hilbert变换的交换子的L^p(R^2)有界性

本文考虑由抛物型BMO函数和沿抛物线γ(t)=(t,t2)的Hilbert变换生成的交换子.通过局部化方法, Fourier变换估计和bootstrap讨论,得到了所考虑的交换子的Lp(1<P<∞)有界性.

在“教室”与“世界”之间行走

未来学校的创建,一定要指向学生,指向学生的学习,指向学生的未来。未来学校建设就是课程建设,要像建设课程一样来建设学校的物型空间,让学生成长在学校中就像成长在课程中一样。未来教室的建构指向学习方式的变革,要让学习在场,让学习真正发生。未来教室要突破学科、时空限制,支持泛在学习,便于项目化学习,便于系统知识学习,要能满足学生个性化学习、定制学习的需求。

Suppression of Spiral Wave in Modified Orengonator Model

In this paper, a spatial perturbation scheme is proposed to suppress the spiral wave in the modified Orengonator model, which is used to describe the chemical reaction in the light-sensitive media. The controllable external illumination Ф is perturbed with a spatial linear function. In our numerical simulation, the scheme is investigated by imposing the external controllable illumination on the space continuously and/or intermittently. The numerical simulation results confirm that the stable rotating spiral wave still can be removed with the scheme proposed in this paper even if the controllable Ф changed vs. time and space synchronously. Then the scheme is also used to control the spiral wave and turbulence in the modified Fitzhugh-Nagumo model. It is found that the scheme is effective to remove the sable rotating and meandering spiral wave but it costs long transient period and intensity of the gradient parameter to eliminate the soiral turbulence.

A Methodology for Estimating Leaf Area Index by Assimilating Remote Sensing Data into Crop Model Based on Temporal and Spatial Knowledge

In this paper,a methodology for Leaf Area Index(LAI) estimating was proposed by assimilating remote sensed data into crop model based on temporal and spatial knowledge.Firstly,sensitive parameters of crop model were calibrated by Shuffled Complex Evolution method developed at the University of Arizona(SCE-UA) optimization method based on phenological information,which is called temporal knowledge.The calibrated crop model will be used as the forecast operator.Then,the Taylor′s mean value theorem was applied to extracting spatial information from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) multi-scale data,which was used to calibrate the LAI inversion results by A two-layer Canopy Reflectance Model(ACRM) model.The calibrated LAI result was used as the observation operator.Finally,an Ensemble Kalman Filter(EnKF) was used to assimilate MODIS data into crop model.The results showed that the method could significantly improve the estimation accuracy of LAI and the simulated curves of LAI more conform to the crop growth situation closely comparing with MODIS LAI products.The root mean square error(RMSE) of LAI calculated by assimilation is 0.9185 which is reduced by 58.7% compared with that by simulation(0.3795),and before and after assimilation the mean error is reduced by 92.6% which is from 0.3563 to 0.0265.All these experiments indicated that the methodology proposed in this paper is reasonable and accurate for estimating crop LAI.

Application of MODIS data in monitoring suspended sediment of Taihu Lake,China

Application of MODIS in ocean color is mainly based on bands 8-16 with the spatial resolution of 1 000 m.This spatial resolution,however,can not meet the application demand of inland waters where the areas are relatively small.With the assumption of the black water at shortwave infrared(SWIR) wavelengths(>1 000 nm),we first propose an atmospheric correction method for bands 1 and 2 with their spatial resolution of 250 m,and we then establish a quantitative retrieval model for suspended sediment concentration retrieval using the in-situ data collected in Taihu Lake.We also use MODIS data to retrieve the suspended sediment concentration of Taihu Lake with the retrieval model.The comparison between the retrieved and measured suspended sediment concentrations confirms that our algorithm can provide reliable data for monitoring the suspended sediment in Taihu Lake.

Responses of Tree Species to Climate Warming at Different Spatial Scales

Tree species respond to climate change at multiple scales,such as species physiological response at fine scale and species distribution (quantified by percent area) at broader spatial scale.At a given spatial scale,species physiological response and distribution can be correlated positively or negatively.The consistency of such correlation relationships at different spatial scales determines whether species responses derived from local scales can be extrapo-lated to broader spatial scales.In this study,we used a coupled modeling approach that coupled a plot-level ecosystem process model (LINKAGES) with a spatially explicit landscape model (LANDIS).We investigated species physio-logical responses and distribution responses to climate warming at the local,zonal and landscape scales respectively,and examined how species physiological response and distribution correlated at each corresponding scale and whether the correlations were consistent among these scales.The results indicate that for zonal and warming-sensitive species,the correlations between species physiological response and distribution are consistent at these spatial scales,and therefore the research results of vegetation response to climate warming at the local scale can be extrapolated to the zonal and landscape scales.By contrast,for zonal and warming-insensitive species the correlations among different spatial scales are consistent at some spatial scales but at other scales.The results also suggest that the results of azonal species at the local scale near their distribution boundaries can not be extrapolated simply to broader scales due to stronger responses to climate warming in those boundary regions.

Effects of coal prices on merchandise prices in China

Coal is the principal form of energy used in China. Hence, coal price variations are expected to have some influence on merchandise prices. Monthly data from January, 2002, to October, 2010, were used to construct a varying-parameter state space model, and an error correction model, to estimate the influence of coat prices on Chinese merchandise prices. The time lag and the dynamic relationship were determined from the data. A long term equilibrium relationship between coal price and the PPI, and the CPI, can be observed. The long term influence of coal price fluctuations on the PPI is 0.263%. The corresponding value for the CPI is 0.157%. The PPI shows an influence from coal price change in the first period of observation： by eight periods the influence is obvious, after which it diminishes. The effect of coal price change on the CPI is rather weak and has no long term memory. Analysis of variance shows a similar situation. The elas- ticity coefficient of coal prices on the CPI, or the PPI, fluctuates over the 2002-2004 period. From 2002 to 2007 the influence elasticity on the CPI declined and subsequently levelled off after 2009.

Air Pollution Concentration Approach to Potential Area Selection of the Air Quality Monitoring Station in Nakhon Ratchasima Municipality, Thailand

The purpose of the study is to generate traffic air information system） to determine a proper zone of AQMS （air analyzed were carbon monoxide （CO）, and nitrogen oxides （NOx） pollution map using mathematical model and GIS （geographic quality monitoring station） in municipality area. The pollutants which can be harmful to people living in the area. The three steps of mapping process were performed under the GIS environment using the existing vehicle emission rates and pollutant dispersion model. First, traffic volume, road network, and the emission rates of road segments varying with types of vehicle were collected from existing data. Second, the pollutant concentrations were calculated by use of CALINE4, a tool with Gaussian dispersion model. The model parameters include emission rate, wind directions and speeds, ambient temperature and observed pollutant concentration, and atmospheric stability during all seasons from the January 1, 2010 to May 31,2011 with regardless the rainy season. This resulted in concentrations at many receptor points along links of the road network. Third, distributions of pollution concentrations were generated by means of the spatial interpolation of those from receptors. The results of pollution raster-based maps are used for determining frequency of violence and combined pollution map. The resulting frequency of violence and intensity concentration will be further integrated to determine a potential area of AQMS. Finally, achieving pollution potential area of AQMS can be located as helpful basic data for efficient traffic and transportation planning.

Effects of Spatial Information of Soil Physical Properties on Hydrological Modeling Based on a Distributed Hydrological Model

The spatial distribution of soil physical properties is essential for modeling and understanding hydrological processes. In this study, the different spatial information (the conventional soil types map-based spatial information (STMB) versus refined spatial information map (RSIM)) of soil physical properties, including field capacity, soil porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity are used respectively as input data for Water Flow Model for Lake Catchment (WATLAC) to determine their effectiveness in simulating hydrological processes and to expound the effects on model performance in terms of estimating groundwater recharge, soil evaporation, runoff generation as well as partitioning of surface and subsurface water flow. The results show that: 1) the simulated stream flow hydrographs based on the STMB and RSIM soil data reproduce the observed hydrographs well. There is no significant increase in model accuracy as more precise soil physical properties information being used, but WATLAC model using the RSIM soil data could predict more runoff volume and reduce the relative runoff depth errors; 2) the groundwater recharges have a consistent trend for both cases, while the STMB soil data tend to produce higher groundwater recharges than the RSIM soil data. In addition, the spatial distribution of annual groundwater recharge is significantly affected by the spatial distribution of soil physical properties; 3) the soil evaporation simulated using the STMB and RSIM soil data are similar to each other, and the spatial distribution patterns are also insensitive to the spatial information of soil physical properties; and 4) although the different spatial information of soil physical properties does not cause apparent difference in overall stream flow, the partitioning of surface and subsurface water flow is distinct. The implications of this study are that the refined spatial information of soil physical properties does not necessarily contribute to a more accurate prediction of stream flow, and the selection of appropriate soil physical property data needs to consider the scale of watersheds and the level of accuracy required.

Transport for a System with Additive Temporal-Spatial Noise

In this paper, we study the transport of the system with the additive temporal-spatial noise, by two models, i.e., a spatial asymmetry model and a spatial symmetry model. The study shows that the correlation of the additive noise with the space and the spatial asymmetry are ingredients for the transport.

The Influence of Particle Interactions on the Existence of Quantum Particles Properties

We propose a novel model, based on two postulates, which provide new perspective on the fundamental forces using special and general relativity concepts. Many studies address the relations between the particles and the space time manifold, and the latter＇s physical structure, whether it is Continuous or Discrete. In the proposed model the properties of the particles are classical in the sense of general relativity, whereas their quantum properties are arises due to the experiments.

Variation and adaptation in leaf sulfur content across China

Sulfur is an essential functional element in leaves,and it plays important roles in regulating plant growth,development and abiotic stress resistance in natural communities.However,there has been limited information on the spatial variation in leaf sulfur content(LSC)and adaptive characters on a large community scale.Sulfur in leaves of 2207 plant species from 80 widespread ecosystems(31 forests,38 grasslands and 11 deserts)in China was measured.One-way analysis of variance with Duncan’s multiple-range tests were used to evaluate the differences in LSC among different plant growth forms and ecosystems.We fitted the relationships of LSC to spatial and climate factors using regression.Structural equation modeling analysis and phylogenetic analysis helped us further explore the main factors of LSC variation.LSC ranged from 0.15 to 48.64 g·kg^(-1),with an average of 2.13±0.04 g·kg^(-1) at the community scale in China.We observed significant spatial variation in LSC among different ecosystems and taxa.Overall,LSC was higher in arid areas and herbs.Furthermore,higher LSC was observed under environments of drought,low temperatures and intense ultraviolet radiation.Temperature,precipitation,radiation,soil sulfur content and aridity jointly regulated LSC,explaining 79%of the spatial variation.However,LSC was not significantly related to phylogeny.Our results demonstrate that LSC plays an important role in plant adaptations to extreme environments and further extend our understanding of the biological function of sulfur from the organ to the community level.These findings highlight the importance of sulfur metabolism for our understanding of the impact of global climate change on plants.

Curvature estimates for the level sets of spatial quasiconcave solutions to a class of parabolic equations

We prove a constant rank theorem for the second fundamental form of the spatial convex level surfaces of solutions to equations ut = F(▽2u,▽u,u,t) under a structural condition,and give a geometric lower bound of the principal curvature of the spatial level surfaces.

Spatial modeling of the Ulmus pumila growing season in China's temperate zone

To reveal the ecological mechanism of spatial patterns of plant phenology and spatial sensitivity of plant phenology responses to climate change,we used Ulmus pumila leaf unfolding and leaf fall data at 46 stations of China's temperate zone during the period 1986-2005 to simulate 20-year mean and yearly spatial patterns of the beginning and end dates of the Ulmus pumila growing season by establishing air temperature-based spatial phenology models,and validate these models by extensive spatial extrapolation.Results show that the spatial patterns of 20-year mean and yearly February-April or September-November temperatures control the spatial patterns of 20-year mean and yearly beginning or end dates of the growing season.Spatial series of mean beginning dates shows a significantly negative correlation with spatial series of mean February-April temperatures at the 46 stations.The mean spring spatial phenology model explained 90% of beginning date variance(p<0.001) with a Root Mean Square Error(RMSE) of 4.7 days.In contrast,spatial series of mean end dates displays a significantly positive correlation with spatial series of mean September-November temperatures at the 46 stations.The mean autumn spatial phenology model explained 79% of end date variance(p<0.001) with a RMSE of 6 days.Similarly,spatial series of yearly beginning dates correlates negatively with spatial series of yearly February-April temperatures and the explained variances of yearly spring spatial phenology models to beginning date are between 72%-87%(p<0.001),whereas spatial series of yearly end dates correlates positively with spatial series of yearly September-November temperatures and the explained variances of yearly autumn spatial phenology models to end date are between 48%-76%(p<0.001).The overall RMSEs of yearly models in simulating beginning and end dates at all modeling stations are 7.3 days and 9 days,respectively.The spatial prediction accuracies of growing season's beginning and end dates based on both 20-year mean and yearly models are close to the spatial simulation accuracies of these models,indicating that the models have a strong spatial extrapolation capability.Further analysis displays that the negative spatial response rate of growing season's beginning date to air temperature was larger in warmer years with higher regional mean February-April temperatures than in colder years with lower regional mean February-April temperatures.This finding implies that climate warming in winter and spring may enhance sensitivity of the spatial response of growing season's beginning date to air temperature.

TRAVELING WAVE SOLUTIONS IN A THREE-SPECIES FOOD-CHAIN MODEL WITH DIFFUSION AND DELAYS

This paper deals with the existence of traveling wave solutions in a three-species food-chain model with spatial diffusion and time delays due to gestation and negative feedback. By using a cross iteration scheme and Schauder＇s fixed point theorem, we reduce the existence of traveling wave solutions to the existence of a pair of upper-lower solutions. By constructing a pair of upper-lower solutions, we derive the existence of a traveling wave solution connecting the trivial steady state and the positive steady state. Numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate the main results. In particular, our results extend and improve some known results.

Exploration behaviour and behavioural flexibility in orb-web spiders： A review

Orb-web spiders and their webs constitute an ideal model system in which to study behavioural flexibility and spatial cognition in invertebrates due to the easily quantifiable nature of the orb web. A large number of studies demonstrate how spiders are able to modify the geometry of their webs in response to a range of different conditions including the ability to adapt their webs to spatial constraints. However, the mechanisms behind this impressive web-building flexibility in these cognitively limited animals remain poorly explored. One possible mechanism though may be spatial learning during the spiders＇ exploration of their immediate surroundings. This review discusses the importance of exploration behaviour, the reliance on simple behavioural rules, and the use of already laid threads as guidelines for web-building in orb-web spiders. The focus is on the spiders＇ ability to detect and adapt their webs to space limitations and other spatial disruptions. I will also review the few published studies on how spatial information is gathered during the exploration phase and discuss the possibility of the use of ＇cognitive map＇-like processes in spiders. Finally, the review provides suggestions for designing experimental studies to shed light on whether spiders gather metric information during the site exploration （cognitive map hypothesis） or rely on more simple binary information in combination with previously laid threads to build their webs （stigmergy hypothesis）.

Consistent differences in foraging behavior in 2 sympatric harvester ant species may facilitate coexistence

The co-occurrence of 2 similar species depends on their ability to occupy different ecological niches. Here, we compared the consistency of different aspects of foraging behavior in 2 cooccurring harvester ant species （Messor ebeninus and Messor arenarius）, under field conditions. The 2 species are active concomitantly and display a similar diet, but M. arenarius features smaller colonies, larger workers on average, and a broader range of foraging strategies than M. ebeninus. We characterized the flora in the 2 species＇ natural habitat, and detected a nesting preference by M. arenarius for more open, vegetation-free microhabitats than those preferred by M. ebeninus. Next, we tested the food preference of foraging colonies by presenting 3 non-native seed types. Messor arenarius was more selective in its food choice. Colonies were then offered 1 type of seeds over 3 days in different spatial arrangements from the nest entrance （e.g., a seed plate close to the nest entrance, a seed plate blocked by an obstacle, or 3 plates placed at increasing distances from the nest entrance）. While both species were consistent in their foraging behavior, expressed as seed collection, under different treatments over time, M. ebeninus was more consistent than M. arenarius. These differences between the species may be expxained by their different colony size, worker size, and range of foraging strategies, among other factors. We suggest that the differences in foraging, such as in food preference and behavioral consistency while foraging, could contribute to the co-occurrence of these 2 species in a similar habitat.

Two-Dimensional Parabolic Inverse Source Problem with Final Overdetermination in Reproducing Kernel Space

A new method of the reproducing kernel Hilbert space is applied to a twodimensional parabolic inverse source problem with the final overdetermination. The exact and approximate solutions are both obtained in a reproducing kernel space. The approximate solution and its partial derivatives are proved to converge to the exact solution and its partial derivatives, respectively. A technique is proposed to improve some existing methods. Numerical results show that the method is of high precision, and confirm the robustness of our method for reconstructing source parameter.