The urban comprehensive park is the main body of the urban environment construction, and the plant landscape is the most important landscape element of the comprehensive park. It is helpful for the landscape design of...The urban comprehensive park is the main body of the urban environment construction, and the plant landscape is the most important landscape element of the comprehensive park. It is helpful for the landscape design of the comprehensive park to improve the environmental quality and the sustainable development of the city. Taking the ＂Nanjiang Park＂ in Xiaoshan District of Hangzhou as the research object, the landscape design of plants was explored and analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences in the application forms of plant land- scapes in different functional zones in comprehensive parks. The specific forms of the garden elements had different needs of plant landscape construction. According to the results of case studies, it found that comprehensive parks could improve the functions, create the aesthetic sense, enhance the atmosphere and enhance the taste through plant landscape design. In addition, corresponding suggestions were put forward according to the current situation with the aim to provide references for the future plant landscape design related with garden greens.展开更多
Age structure of a plant population carries important information on population dynamics. The traditional age classification of individuals by development phases could not explain the generation relationship neither b...Age structure of a plant population carries important information on population dynamics. The traditional age classification of individuals by development phases could not explain the generation relationship neither between individuals nor between modules, and it could not accurately predict the future of population or the tendency of peatland evolution. In a peatland of the Xiao Hinggan Mountains, China, at the middle of the growth season, the age structures of 3 modules, ramets, active buds and rhizomes of a Carex middendorffii clonal population were investigated, with the method of classifying age classes of ramets and active buds by counting generation quantity of tiller nodes, and classifying age classes of rhizomes by their real survival time. The quantity of vegetative ramets was dominant. Tiller nodes of ramets can propagate vegetatively for a maximum of 3 generations. The population of ramets consisted of 3 age classes of ramets at the middle of the growth season, and showed a stable age structure. In the two sampling events, there was no significant difference between quantities and age structure of the population. The maximum age of an excavated rhizome was 12 years old. Rhizomes were classified in 8 age classes, and age classes 4-6 contributed most to the total biomass. There was no significant difference in total length and total biomass per unit area, or in biomass per unit length in rhizomes between the two samplings. Four age classes of active buds were recognized, and their number increased from July to August. The Carex middendorffii clonal population achieved regeneration by budding from the tiller nodes of ramets. The age structures of the 3 modules suggested that the Carex middendorffii clonal population could persist in the early development phase of the oligotrophic peatland in the Xiao Hinggan Mountains, but it could not be dominant. It also faces the risk to disappear from the community as the peatland develops further.展开更多
Observation data from a cruise in the Nansha Islands, in May to June 1990, December, 1993, September to October 1994, and July, 1999, respectively, were used to develop the method presented here to indicate the existi...Observation data from a cruise in the Nansha Islands, in May to June 1990, December, 1993, September to October 1994, and July, 1999, respectively, were used to develop the method presented here to indicate the existing strength of the dissolved oxygen maximum in the vertical distribution of Nansha Islands waters. Its seasonal variation and regional distribution are discussed in this paper. Analysis results showed that the distribution of the strength of dissolved oxygen maximum (DO max -DO sur ) was closely related to the upper layer circulation and the bioactivity of Nansha Islands seawater.展开更多
The study aimed at understanding the current avifauna characteristics, like composition, species diversity and evolution, in the city of Kinshasa. The study was conducted from 2006 to 2014, using observation, photogra...The study aimed at understanding the current avifauna characteristics, like composition, species diversity and evolution, in the city of Kinshasa. The study was conducted from 2006 to 2014, using observation, photography and Japanese nets. Results of the study indicate that there are 131 species of birds, which represents 40 families and 16 orders. Avifauna of Kinshasa represents 11% of species of the all country. Among those species, 12 are new. Passerines are the most, representing 86 species and 21 families, and are the most diversified. Few species have extended their geographical distribution and some are migratory. Overtime, avian fauna of Kinshasa region has undergone a lot of changes in its composition and diversity. Horizontal extension of the city associated with the consecutive various changes of the habitats seems to be the principal factors which modulate those characteristics. However, the study found that the majority of these species were under precarious statute of conservation.展开更多
The aspects considered in this paper refer to remains of food plants found in the archaeological area of Pyrgos （Early Bronze Age, 2000 B.C.） near Limassol in Cyprus, related to the history of agriculture and cultiv...The aspects considered in this paper refer to remains of food plants found in the archaeological area of Pyrgos （Early Bronze Age, 2000 B.C.） near Limassol in Cyprus, related to the history of agriculture and cultivated plant processing technologies. For the purposes of an initial comparison of the archaeobotanical data, the authors updated a map of rainfall distribution on Cyprus with rainfall and temperature data for the period from 1973 to 2007, to produce an updated view of possible microclimates on the island. Cyprus was one of the Mediterranean islands whose particular orographic features encouraged the phylogenetic evolution of many species, and today it is especially rich in endemic species. Cyprus located at the southeastern boundary among the Mediterranean region, the Pontic region （the Irano-Turanic element） and the Near East （the Syriac and Nubo-Sindic elements） it doesn＇t seem to have effectively influenced the most important endemic species, they were probably preserved by the island＇s microclimates and particular edaphic conditions.展开更多
For successful conservation and restoration of biodiversity,it is important to understand how diversity is regulated.In the ecological research community,a current topic of interest is how much of the variation in pla...For successful conservation and restoration of biodiversity,it is important to understand how diversity is regulated.In the ecological research community,a current topic of interest is how much of the variation in plant species richness and composition is explained by environmental variation(niche-based model),relative to spatial processes(neutral theory).The Yellow River Estuary(YRE) is a newly formed and fragile wetland ecosystem influenced by both the Yellow River and Bohai Bay.Here,we applied variance partitioning techniques to assess the relative effects of spatial and environmental variables on species richness and composition in the YRE.We also conducted a species indicator analysis to identify characteristic species for three subestuaries within the YRE.Partial redundancy analysis showed that the variations in species richness and composition were explained by both environmental and spatial factors.The majority of explained variation in species richness and composition was attributable to local environmental factors.Among the environmental variables,soil salinity made the greatest contribution to species abundance and composition.Soil salinity was the most important factor in the Diaokou subestuary,while soil moisture was the most important factor influencing species richness in the Qingshui and Chahe subestuaries.The combined effects of soil salinity and moisture determined species richness and composition in the wetlands.These results increase our understanding of the organization and assembly of estuarine plant communities.展开更多
文摘The urban comprehensive park is the main body of the urban environment construction, and the plant landscape is the most important landscape element of the comprehensive park. It is helpful for the landscape design of the comprehensive park to improve the environmental quality and the sustainable development of the city. Taking the ＂Nanjiang Park＂ in Xiaoshan District of Hangzhou as the research object, the landscape design of plants was explored and analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences in the application forms of plant land- scapes in different functional zones in comprehensive parks. The specific forms of the garden elements had different needs of plant landscape construction. According to the results of case studies, it found that comprehensive parks could improve the functions, create the aesthetic sense, enhance the atmosphere and enhance the taste through plant landscape design. In addition, corresponding suggestions were put forward according to the current situation with the aim to provide references for the future plant landscape design related with garden greens.
文摘Age structure of a plant population carries important information on population dynamics. The traditional age classification of individuals by development phases could not explain the generation relationship neither between individuals nor between modules, and it could not accurately predict the future of population or the tendency of peatland evolution. In a peatland of the Xiao Hinggan Mountains, China, at the middle of the growth season, the age structures of 3 modules, ramets, active buds and rhizomes of a Carex middendorffii clonal population were investigated, with the method of classifying age classes of ramets and active buds by counting generation quantity of tiller nodes, and classifying age classes of rhizomes by their real survival time. The quantity of vegetative ramets was dominant. Tiller nodes of ramets can propagate vegetatively for a maximum of 3 generations. The population of ramets consisted of 3 age classes of ramets at the middle of the growth season, and showed a stable age structure. In the two sampling events, there was no significant difference between quantities and age structure of the population. The maximum age of an excavated rhizome was 12 years old. Rhizomes were classified in 8 age classes, and age classes 4-6 contributed most to the total biomass. There was no significant difference in total length and total biomass per unit area, or in biomass per unit length in rhizomes between the two samplings. Four age classes of active buds were recognized, and their number increased from July to August. The Carex middendorffii clonal population achieved regeneration by budding from the tiller nodes of ramets. The age structures of the 3 modules suggested that the Carex middendorffii clonal population could persist in the early development phase of the oligotrophic peatland in the Xiao Hinggan Mountains, but it could not be dominant. It also faces the risk to disappear from the community as the peatland develops further.
文摘Observation data from a cruise in the Nansha Islands, in May to June 1990, December, 1993, September to October 1994, and July, 1999, respectively, were used to develop the method presented here to indicate the existing strength of the dissolved oxygen maximum in the vertical distribution of Nansha Islands waters. Its seasonal variation and regional distribution are discussed in this paper. Analysis results showed that the distribution of the strength of dissolved oxygen maximum (DO max -DO sur ) was closely related to the upper layer circulation and the bioactivity of Nansha Islands seawater.
文摘The study aimed at understanding the current avifauna characteristics, like composition, species diversity and evolution, in the city of Kinshasa. The study was conducted from 2006 to 2014, using observation, photography and Japanese nets. Results of the study indicate that there are 131 species of birds, which represents 40 families and 16 orders. Avifauna of Kinshasa represents 11% of species of the all country. Among those species, 12 are new. Passerines are the most, representing 86 species and 21 families, and are the most diversified. Few species have extended their geographical distribution and some are migratory. Overtime, avian fauna of Kinshasa region has undergone a lot of changes in its composition and diversity. Horizontal extension of the city associated with the consecutive various changes of the habitats seems to be the principal factors which modulate those characteristics. However, the study found that the majority of these species were under precarious statute of conservation.
文摘The aspects considered in this paper refer to remains of food plants found in the archaeological area of Pyrgos （Early Bronze Age, 2000 B.C.） near Limassol in Cyprus, related to the history of agriculture and cultivated plant processing technologies. For the purposes of an initial comparison of the archaeobotanical data, the authors updated a map of rainfall distribution on Cyprus with rainfall and temperature data for the period from 1973 to 2007, to produce an updated view of possible microclimates on the island. Cyprus was one of the Mediterranean islands whose particular orographic features encouraged the phylogenetic evolution of many species, and today it is especially rich in endemic species. Cyprus located at the southeastern boundary among the Mediterranean region, the Pontic region （the Irano-Turanic element） and the Near East （the Syriac and Nubo-Sindic elements） it doesn＇t seem to have effectively influenced the most important endemic species, they were probably preserved by the island＇s microclimates and particular edaphic conditions.
基金supported by National Science & Technology Pillar in the 11th Five-Year Program(Grant No.2006BAC01A13)
文摘For successful conservation and restoration of biodiversity,it is important to understand how diversity is regulated.In the ecological research community,a current topic of interest is how much of the variation in plant species richness and composition is explained by environmental variation(niche-based model),relative to spatial processes(neutral theory).The Yellow River Estuary(YRE) is a newly formed and fragile wetland ecosystem influenced by both the Yellow River and Bohai Bay.Here,we applied variance partitioning techniques to assess the relative effects of spatial and environmental variables on species richness and composition in the YRE.We also conducted a species indicator analysis to identify characteristic species for three subestuaries within the YRE.Partial redundancy analysis showed that the variations in species richness and composition were explained by both environmental and spatial factors.The majority of explained variation in species richness and composition was attributable to local environmental factors.Among the environmental variables,soil salinity made the greatest contribution to species abundance and composition.Soil salinity was the most important factor in the Diaokou subestuary,while soil moisture was the most important factor influencing species richness in the Qingshui and Chahe subestuaries.The combined effects of soil salinity and moisture determined species richness and composition in the wetlands.These results increase our understanding of the organization and assembly of estuarine plant communities.
