Mechanical performance of a double-face reinforced retaining wall in an area disturbed by mining

The application of a double-face reinforced retaining wall during road construction can reduce engineering costs, speed road paving and have a good influence on environment. An ABAQUS numerical model of a double-face reinforced retaining wall was built. The influence of surface subsidence induced by mining was considered. A physical model test was also performed in the laboratory on a reinforced retaining wall. The influence of subsidence induced by mining was observed. The numerical results match measurements in the laboratory very well. The vertical pressure on the base of the retaining wall, the horizontal displacement of the wall and the horizontal soil pressure acting on the wall were analyzed. The differential settlement of the reinforced belt and axial forces in the wall were also studied.

中国政策利率下限约束探索

政策利率下限约束充当中央银行政策决策的底线之一。2008年金融危机迫使全球主要央行常规降息空间迅速消失殆尽,以挑战“零利率下限约束”为特征的负利率政策应运而生,为名义利率下限约束由零向负值推移提供了现实依据。对我国而言,从原理来看,货币持有成本的客观存在性与人为可追加性为我国政策利率下限约束为负创造了可能。从估计结果来看,我国政策利率物理下限可能位于-2%~-1.5%的深度,但同时又受经济下限约束限制。从政策建议的角度看,负政策利率下限约束仅能解央行面临常规政策空间不足时的“燃眉之急”,维护正常货币政策空间并在此基础上创新政策工具与措施、推进政策搭配与协调、优化政策制度与框架方为保持货币政策有效性的应有之义。