对《中图法》物理学分类表的几点看法

文章论述了《中图法》物理学分类表的体系陈旧、类目设置不全、对交叉学科的处理缺乏科学性以及在标记符号方面所存在的问题。同时提出了几点具体的修订意见。

分布式应用层中间件的设计

针对如何在非分布式数据库管理系统中应用分布式特性,提出了分布式数据层中间件DDLM的设计方案。在数据持久化框架和JDBC之间引入一个分库分表的中间件,从而把数据拆分到多个数据库的多个表中,在用户看来这些数据仍然存在于一张表中,从而在应用层透明地解决了海量数据的读写问题。

多重成就测验的初步编制

目的 :编制一个包括多学科、适用于多年级的、团体施测的多重成就测验。方法 :采用国家统编教材为效标与 (中学专科教师和我们的 )经验相结合的策略收集条目和编制测验 (分甲、乙套 )。在太原市附近的阳泉市进行了第一次预测 ,调整题本后 ,又在太原市和太原市附近的忻州市共施测 1,4 4 8人。结果 :(1)取得了太原地区中学各年级和大学一年级各分量表的粗分均值。 (2 ) 36个分测验中 ,35个分测验的难度值在 0 .2 0～ 0 .80之间 ;绝大部分分测验区分度达优良水平。信、效度检验结果也符合测验学的要求。结论 :多重成就测验的建构基本符合原来的构想 ,达到了编制的要求。

Analysis of radial basis function interpolation approach

The radial basis function （RBF） interpolation approach proposed by Freedman is used to solve inverse problems encountered in well-logging and other petrophysical issues. The approach is to predict petrophysical properties in the laboratory on the basis of physical rock datasets, which include the formation factor, viscosity, permeability, and molecular composition. However, this approach does not consider the effect of spatial distribution of the calibration data on the interpolation result. This study proposes a new RBF interpolation approach based on the Freedman＇s RBF interpolation approach, by which the unit basis functions are uniformly populated in the space domain. The inverse results of the two approaches are comparatively analyzed by using our datasets. We determine that although the interpolation effects of the two approaches are equivalent, the new approach is more flexible and beneficial for reducing the number of basis functions when the database is large, resulting in simplification of the interpolation function expression. However, the predicted results of the central data are not sufficiently satisfied when the data clusters are far apart.

ICU获得性衰弱发病影响因素及相关诊断方法应用研究进展

重症监护病房获得性衰弱(ICU-AW)是ICU危重患者常见的继发性神经肌肉功能障碍,主要表现为全身、对称性的肌无力,外周肌群及膈肌最常受累,其发病率高,恶化患者临床结局及预后,降低患者生活质量。目前ICU-AW发病机制尚不明确,无有效的治疗措施,因而早期识别与诊断至关重要。ICU-AW发病与机械通气、深度镇静、长期制动等因素密切相关,疾病的严重程度、药物的使用、高乳酸水平、肌肉质量下降等亦会增加发病风险。ICU-AW诊断方法各异,各具优势及局限性。主观的肌力评定是常用的简便诊断方法;切尔西物理功能量表在可诊断ICU-AW的同时,亦能动态评估、监测ICU-AW患者的身体功能状态,并指导医护人员及康复治疗师提供有效的干预措施。客观的电生理检查弥补了主观诊断方法,需要患者保持清醒且合作的局限性;超声影像学检查可早期发现肌肉改变,利于早期ICU-AW的诊断,从而降低ICU患者的死亡风险。

Performance Analysis of Physical Layer Security over α-η-κ-μ Fading Channels

In this paper, we consider the secure data transmission over α-η-κ-μ fading channels, which are recently proposed to encompass nearly all the well-known statistical models adopted in the literature. In particular, we address the secrecy performance in terms of the average secrecy capacity(ASC) and the secrecy outage probability(SOP), for which novel analytical expressions are derived. Simulation results verify the analysis and demonstrate the impact of the physical parameters on the secrecy performance of this new channel fading model.

A method for predicting critical load evaluating adhesion of coatings in scratch testing

In this paper based on the experiment principle of evaluating adhesion property by scratch testing, the peeling mechanism of thin films is discussed by applying contact theory and surface physics theory. A mathematical model predicting the critical load is proposed for calculating critical load as determined byscratch testing. The factors for correctly evaluating adhesion of coatings according to the experimental data arediscussed.

Decomposition of the Unsteady Wave Patterns for Bessho form Translating-Pulsating Source Green Function

In order to interpret the physical feature of Bessho form translating-pulsating source Green function, the phase function is extracted from the integral representation and stationary-phase analysis is carried out in this paper. The complex characteristics of the integral variable and segmentation of the integral intervals are discussed in m complex plane. In θ space, the interval [-π/2+φ,-π/2+φ-iε] is dominant in the near-field flow, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between the real intervals in m space and the unsteady wave patterns in far field. If 4τ>1(τ is the Brard number), there are three kinds of propagation wave patterns such as ring-fan wave pattern, fan wave pattern and inner V wave pattern, and if 0<4τ<1, a ring wave pattern, an outer V and inner V wave pattern are presented in far field. The ring-fan or ring wave pattern corresponds to the interval [-π+α,-π/2+φ] for integral terms about k2, and the fan or outer V wave pattern and inner V wave pattern correspond to [-π+α,-π/2) and(-π/2,-π/2+φ] respectively for terms about k1. Numerical result shows that it is beneficial to decompose the unsteady wave patterns under the condition of τ≠0 by converting the integral variable θ to m. In addition, the constant-phase curve equations are derived when the source is performing only pulsating or translating.

Bacterial biota in reflux esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus

AIM： To identify the bacterial flora in conditions such as Barrett＇s esophagus and reflux esophagitis to determine if they are similar to normal esophageal flora. METHODS： Using broad-range 16S rDNA PCR, esophageal biopsies were examined from 24 patients [9 with normal esophageal mucosa, 12 with gastroesophageal reflux disease （GERD）, and 3 with Barrett＇s esophagus]. Two separate broad-range PCR reactions were performed for each patient, and the resulting products were cloned. In one patient with Barrett＇s esophagus, 99 PCR clones were analyzed. RESULTS： Two separate clones were recovered from each patient （total = 48）, representing 24 different species, with 14 species homologous to known bacteria, 5 homologous to unidentified bacteria, and 5 were not homologous （〈97% identity） to any known bacterial 16S rDNA sequences. Seventeen species were found in the reflux esophagitis patients, 5 in the Barrett＇s esophagus patients, and 10 in normal esophagus patients. Further analysis concentrating on a single biopsy from an individual with Barrett＇s esophagus revealed the presence of 21 distinct bacterial species. Members of four phyla were represented, including Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. Microscopic examination of each biopsy demonstrated bacteria in intimate association with the distal esophageal epithelium, suggesting that the presence of these bacteria is not transitory. CONCLUSION： These findings provide evidence for a complex, residential bacterial population in esophageal reflux-related disorders. While much of this biota is present in the normal esophagus, more detailed comparisons may help identify potential disease associations.

Characteristics of surface waves in anisotropic left-handed materials

We report the coexistence of TE and TM surface modes in certain same frequency domain at the interface between one isotropic regular medium and another biaxially anistotropic left-handed medium. The conditions for the existence of TE and TM polarized surface waves in biaxially anisotropic left-handed materials are identified, respectively. The Poynting vector and the energy density associated with surface modes are calculated. Depending on the system parameters, either TE or TM surface modes can have the time averaged Poynting vector directed to or opposite to the mode phase velocity. It is seen that the characteristics of surface waves in biaxially anisotropic left-handed media are significantly different from that in isotropic left-handed media.

Brightness Temperature Model of Sea Foam Layer at L-band

Permittivity of a sea foam layer is very important in investigating ocean brightness temperature model. At microwave frequency, the Rayleigh method is developed to estimate the effective permittivity of the sea foam layer. To simplify the tedious calculation of sea foam effective permittivity at L band （1.4GHz）, Pade＇ approximation is adopted to fit the sea foam effective permittivity computed by the Rayleigh method. With this fitting formula, a new brightness temperature model of sea foam layer defined by certain geophysical parameters, such as air volume fraction （AVF）, sea surface temperature （SST）, sea surface salinity （SSS） and thickness of foam layer d, is given. Furthermore, the sensitivities of the brightness temperature model to SST, SSS, d and AVF of a sea foam layer at L band are discussed. The sensitivities are ranked from most to least in the order： （1） d; （2） AVF; （3） SSS; （4） SST. This result indicates that the measurement errors old and AVF have significant impacts on the retrievals of SSS and SST. With the experimental brightness temperature data, the SSS and AFV are retrieved by cost function.

Isolation and Characterization of a Bensulfuron-Methyl-Degrading Strain L1 of Bacillus

The objectives of this study were to isolate a bensulfuron-methyl （BSM）-degrading strain of Bacillus spp. and to evaluate its effectiveness in remediation of a BSM-contaminated soil. A BSM-degrading bacterium, strain L1, was successfully isolated in this study. Strain L1 was identified as Bacillus megaterium based on its morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties, G＋C content, phylogenetie similarity of 16S rDNA, and fatty acid composition. Two experiments were used to examine BSM degradation by strain L1. When BSM was used as a sole carbon source in a mineral salt medium, the average degradation rate of BSM by strain L1 was 12.8%, which suggested that the strain was able to utilize BSM as a sole carbon and energy source. Supplement of yeast extract （200 mg L^-1） significantly （P ≤ 0.01） accelerated the degradation of BSM by strain L1. Ahnost complete degradation （97.7%） of BSM could be achieved in 84 h with addition of yeast extract. In addition, in a sterile soil with 50 mg L^-1 BSM, BSM degradation rate by strain L1 was 94.3% in 42 d, indicating the potential of using microbes for the remediation of BSM-contaminated soils in fields.

Entropy of Dirac Field in Non-stationary and Slowly Changing Reissner-Nordstrom Black Hole

Using the thin film brick-wall model and WKB approximation, the entropy of the Dirac field in the non-stationary and slowly changing Reissner-Nordstrom (R-N) black hole is calculated. The result shows that the entropy of the R-N black hole is still proportional to its surface area if we choose proper cut-off.

Adapting Property Path for Polynomial-Time Evaluation and Reasoning on Semantic Web

Property path is the latest navigational extension of the standard query language SPARQL 1.1 for the Semantic Web.However,in the existing SPARQL query systems which support property path,the query efficiency is very low and does not support reasoning.This paper proposes a new existential semantics which has polynomial-time evaluation complexity and an equivalent relationship with the current semantics,and transforms the property path expressions to the extended nested regular expressions based on the existential semantics and proves the semantic equivalence after the transformation considering the RDFS semantics.The property path query engine is achieved by implementing the nested regular expressions algorithm and the transformation rules from the property path expressions to the nested regular expressions,which maintains the syntax simplicity of property path and the goal-oriented polynomial-time reasoning to avoid computing the RDF graph closure.The experiment results not only show the characteristics of query engine based on the existential semantics in efficiency and reasoning,but also further validate the equivalence between the results based on current semantics and those based on the existential semantics for property path after the removal of duplicate values.

Characterizations of Banana Peel and its Efficiency for Copper Adsorption

This research described the chemical and physical characterizations of banana （Musa sapientum Linn） peel for adsorption of copper. The FT-IR spectroscopy, BET （surface area） and SEM （scanning electron microscopy） coupled with EDX （energy dispersive X-ray） analysis were used for characterizations, while copper concentration was determined by ICP spectroscopy. The different parameters： pH values 3.0 to 9.0, banana dose （0.1 g to 0.7 g） and adsorption times （30 min to 180 min） were investigated for studying an adsorption efficient. It was found that banana peel （0.1 g） was a bio-adsorbent for copper adsorption under the suitable conditions at pH 7.0 and 90 min adsorption time. The sorption pattern was additionally found to be in linear form, according to the Freundlich and Langmuir equations with R2 = 0.966 and 0.994, respectively.

Study on Properties of Intensity Profiles Scattered from the Self-Affine Fractal Random Surfaces: an Approximate Theory and Simulations

We study the properties of the intensity profiles scattered from the self-affine fractal random surfaces.We use the mathematical decay function to approximate the duple negative exponent function in the rigorous theory of scattering,by letting them have the same maximum value and half-width,and the expression for the half-widths of the intensity profiles in the whole range of the perpendicular wave vector component is obtained.The previous results in the two extreme cases are included in the results of this paper.In the simulational verification,we propose a method for the generation of self-affine fractal random surfaces,using the square-root of Fourier transform of the correlation function of the surface height.The simulated results conform well with the theory.

Approximate Analytical Solutions for Scattering States of D-dimensional Hulthen Potentials

Using the exponential function transformation approach along with an approximation for the centrifugal potential, the radial Schr6dinger equation of D-dimensional Hulthen potential is transformed to a hypergeometric differential equation. The approximate analytical solutions of scattering states are attained. The normalized wave functions expressed in terms of hypergeometrie functions of scattering states on the ＂k/2π scale＂ and the calculation formula of phase shifts are given. The physical meaning of the approximate analytical solutions is discussed.

Cancer stem cell markers CD133 and CD24 correlate with invasiveness and differentiation in colorectal adenocarcinoma

AIM:To verify that CD markers are available for detecting cancer stem cell populations and to evaluate their clinical significance in colon cancer.METHODS:Immunohistochemistry for CD133,CD24 and CD44 was performed on the tissue microarray of 523 colorectal adenocarcinomas.Medical records were reviewed and clinicopathological analysis was performed.RESULTS:In colorectal adenocarcinoma,128 of 523 cases(24.5%) were positive and 395 cases(75.5%) were negative for CD133 expression.Two hundred and sixty-four of 523 cases(50.5%) were positive and 259 cases(49.5%) were negative for CD24 expression.Five hundred and two of 523 cases(96%) were negative and 21 cases(4%) were positive for CD44 expression.Upon clinicopathological analysis,CD133 expression was present more in male patients(P = 0.002) and in advanced T stage cancer(P = 0.024).Correlation between CD24 expression and clinicopathological factors was seen in the degree of differentiation(P = 0.006).Correlation between CD44 expression and clinicopathological factors was seen in the tumor size(P = 0.001).Survival was not significantly related to CD133,CD24 and CD44 expression.CONCLUSION:CD markers were related to invasiveness and differentiation of colorectal adenocarcinoma.However,CD expression was not closely related to survival.

Exploring Soil Layers and Water Tables with Ground-Penetrating Radar

Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) has been used predominantly for environments with low electrical conductivity like freshwater aquifers, glaciers, or dry sandy soils. The objective of the present study was to explore its application for mapping in subsurface agricultural soils to a depth of several meters. For a loamy sand and a clayey site on the North China Plain, clay inclusions in the sand were detected; the thickness, inclination, and continuity of the confining clay and silt layers was assessed; and a local water table was mapped. Direct sampling (soil coring and profiling) in the top meter and independent measurement of the water table were utilized to confirm the findings. Also, effective estimates of the dielectric number for the site with the dielectric number of moist clayey soils depending strongly on frequency were obtained. Thus, important properties of soils, like the arrangement and type of layers and in particular their continuity and inclination, could be explored with moderate efforts for rather large areas to help find optimal locations for the time-consuming and expensive measurements which would be necessary to detail a model of the subsurface.

Geometric and Electronic Structures of Pyrazine Molecule Chemisorbed on Si(100) Surface by XPS and NEXAFS Spectroscopy

The geometric and electronic structures of several possible adsorption configurations of the pyrazine(C4H4N2)molecule covalently attached to Si(100)surface,which is of vital importance in fabricating functional nano-devices,have been investigated using X-ray spectroscopies.The Carbon K-shell(1s)X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure(NEXAFS)spectroscopy of predicted adsorbed structures have been simulated by density functional theory with cluster model calculations.Both XPS and NEXAFS spectra demonstrate the structural dependence on different adsorption configurations.In contrast to the XPS spectra,it is found that the NEXAFS spectra exhibiting conspicuous dependence on the structures of all the studied pyrazine/Si(100)systems can be well utilized for structural identification.In addition,according to the classification of carbon atoms,the spectral components of carbon atoms in different chemical environments have been investigated in the NEXAFS spectra as well.