物理音响、生理音响、文化音响——时空转换中音乐音响观念的相对性研究

基于数学的物理音响不同于个体听觉听到的生理音响,更不同于一定文化背景下社会人群基于审美心理所感知的文化音响。音乐感知是听众对客观音响的主观反映,是特定时空中的社会文化行为,故其审美标准不可能一成不变,尤其不能机械套用西方传统音响观念分析或创作中国音乐。音乐音响观念在“古、今、中、外”等不同“时间—历史时期”、不同“空间—地域文化背景”中既有其建立共同审美标准的共性认知,也有其建立不同审美趋向与追求的个性逻辑,故不同历史阶段、不同民族音乐应用不同的法则去分析和创作音乐,以免产生迥然相异的价值判断。事实上,音乐及其价值判断从来都不是以客观物理音响为基础的,而是以生理音响、文化音响为基础的。这也说明音乐音响观念在时空转换中是具有相对性的。

Schematic interface of sound creation for computer animators

As an audiovisual medium, computer animations require superior image quality and professional soundtrack to lead audiences into their fascinating virtual world. Without sound, the impact of storytelling is reduced or the story is even not under- standable. Despite the importance of sound, most animators are unfamiliar with sound editing software. Limited budget projects such as independent or student works have difficulty hiring sound professionals to create tailor-made soundtrack. Therefore, we need a suitable sound tool to express their individual ideas. In this paper, we propose an approach using schematic for both computer animation and sound. Our approach provides (1) physical simulation on sound through animation parameters and (2) a new channel for animators to add aesthetic values in sound through their experience of using schematics in existing animation software. We demonstrate our idea through several examples, such as Doppler shift, obstacle effect, importance, energetic, and sputtering effect.