The changes of vegetation compositions, plant species diversity, species important value and succession of plant community were studied on waste dumps in Haizhou opencast coalmine which is located in the west of Liaon...The changes of vegetation compositions, plant species diversity, species important value and succession of plant community were studied on waste dumps in Haizhou opencast coalmine which is located in the west of Liaoning Province, China (41°41(-42°56( N, 121°1(-122°56(E). Four kinds of terraces with different ages (5, 10, 20 and 40 years) were selected for investigation of plants. Total of 63 species of natural colonized plants were recorded on the waste dump and they belong to 23 families. The main families were Compositae (15 species), Fabaceae (11 species) and Leguminosae (8 species), which accounted for 54.0% of total species and play an important role in natural vegetation recovery in waste dump area. The dominant species on 5-, 10-, 20-, 40-year-old terraces were Tribulus terrestris + Echinochloa hispidula + Salsola collina, Echinochloa hispidula + Artemisia sieversiana + Artemisia scoparia, Echinochloa hispidula + Clinelymus dahuricus + Artemisia scoparia + Artemisia sieversiana + Melilotus officinalis, Clinelymus dahuricus+Phragmites communis + Echinochloa hispidula+ Setaria viridis, respectively. According to the important value of species calculated. It is determined that Tribulus terrestris can act as pioneer species on waste dump and Clinelymus dahuricus, Phragmites communis and Echinochloah hispidula are important dominant species in vegetation restoration in Haizhou opencast coalmine. The study results can provide scientific basis for selecting and disposing appropriately plant species and rehabilitating vegetation on waste dumps of coalmine.展开更多
The diversity,community structure and seasonal variation in demersal nekton off the Changjiang(Yangtze)River estuary was evaluated using monthly trawl survey data,collected between December 2008 and November 2009.A to...The diversity,community structure and seasonal variation in demersal nekton off the Changjiang(Yangtze)River estuary was evaluated using monthly trawl survey data,collected between December 2008 and November 2009.A total of 95 species(56 teleosts,11 cephalopods,and 28 decapod crustaceans)from 69 genera,49 families and 15 orders were collected.These species could be classifi ed into six groups on the basis of temporal distribution patterns.The resident crab Ovalipes punctatus dominated the community,both in number and biomass.A clear seasonal succession was observed in the species composition.Cluster analysis revealed three primary seasonal groups corresponding to the samples collected in winter-spring,late spring-summer and late summer-autumn.The highest biomass and lowest diversity were observed in summer,while the lowest biomass and highest diversity in winter.The abundance-biomass comparison curves and community composition suggested that the investigated community was moderately disturbed.The results suggest that reduction in fi shing pressure and in the degree of seasonal hypoxia are essential for sustainable resource management off the Changjiang River estuary.展开更多
Xiangshan bay is a narrow semi-closed bay and situated on the northwestern coast of the East China Sea. Over past decades, it has become to a major bay with intensive human activities, dense urbanized area, and poor w...Xiangshan bay is a narrow semi-closed bay and situated on the northwestern coast of the East China Sea. Over past decades, it has become to a major bay with intensive human activities, dense urbanized area, and poor water quality. The aim of this paper was to reveal the ecological status through the elucidation of the species composition, abundance, biomass and diversity of macrobenthos in this bay. Six intertidal sections were surveyed from January 2007 to November 2008 quarterly. Sections TG, HD and XH are located in the three inner bays, sections QJ and WS are located near the thermal power plants, and section XX is located at the outer part of Xiangshan Bay. Great variations in macrobenthos community were indentified, and the species composition of the community in the present study showed the dominance in the order of molluscs （bivalves and gastropods）, crustaceans and others, and only few Polychaeta were recorded. Only three dominant species, Littorina brevicula, llyplax tansuiensis, and Cerithidea cingu- lata were collected in all the sections, and a total of 19 dominant species were recorded only in one section. Two-way ANOVA analyses of abundance indicated that there were significant differences among sections or seasons. Shannon-Wiener diversity index （H＇） had its maximum （2.45） in section QJ, and minimum （1.76） in section TG Multiple irregular k-dominance plots clearly showed that the study area was polluted and the macrobenthos community was under stress. We conclude that the macrobenthos of Xiang- shan Bay have been disturbed by human activities, especially at the interior bay.展开更多
The Tunisian coastal oases constitute a model of very rich plant biodiversity, organized in different floors of cultivation. The date palm is the highest, the second is the diversified fruit trees and the smallest is ...The Tunisian coastal oases constitute a model of very rich plant biodiversity, organized in different floors of cultivation. The date palm is the highest, the second is the diversified fruit trees and the smallest is composed by various other productions. The present paper is the results of a RAA diagnosis and bibliographic analysis of nearly thirty years of work on oases. The aim of this study is to focus on the plant diversity and the traditions in using different products. The survey revealed the existence of nearly 45 local date palm varieties, about 26 fruit trees, 65 vegetables and divers other species. It also raises nearly 30 uses of dates and date palm by-products. This survey shows also that oases inhabitants keep in possessing, for a long time, a knowledge to make ingenious concerning use and conservation of the products and by products of the date palm. This survey has all as much demonstrated the risks from weakening this balance which has long been maintained. Some recommendations to maintain and conserve this system are also presented in this paper.展开更多
The Cross River Estuary,Nigeria,is an important shrimping area for artisanal fishermen of the coastal communities.The multi-species Macrobrachium fishery is exploited with three main gears,namely beach seine,push net ...The Cross River Estuary,Nigeria,is an important shrimping area for artisanal fishermen of the coastal communities.The multi-species Macrobrachium fishery is exploited with three main gears,namely beach seine,push net and trap.Studies on species composition of this fishery recorded thirteen shrimp species,one swimming crab (Callinectes amnicola) and two fish species (Eleotris sp.and Pellonula leonensis).The shrimp species identified included Macrobrachium macrobrachion (83.39% and 55.69% by number and weight,respectively),M.vollenhovenii (9.66% and 37.18%),M.equidens (3.8% and 2.87%),juveniles-sub-adults of Penaeus notialis (1.11% and 1.3%),M.dux,M.felicinum,Palaemonetes africanus,Palaemon maculatus,Palaemon elegans,Desmocaris sp.,Leander sp.,Nematopalaemon hastatus and Alpheus pontederiae.While the selectivity index for trap was 0.25,beach seine and push net had a lower index of 0.063.The results present the first comprehensive and representative report for the Estuary shrimp fishery and will assist in the management of the biodiversity of this ecosystem.展开更多
Aims Riparian corridors play vital roles in the maintenance of biodiversity.Nonetheless,plant species diversity and vegetation coverage in riparian corridors are seriously threatened by increasing pressure owing to li...Aims Riparian corridors play vital roles in the maintenance of biodiversity.Nonetheless,plant species diversity and vegetation coverage in riparian corridors are seriously threatened by increasing pressure owing to livestock consumption and anthropogenic disturbance;even the stability of river courses has been threatened.The establishment of enclosures is a widely used strategy to restore degraded grassland ecosystems,but its impact on degraded herbaceous riparian vegetation and soil properties remains unclear.The aim of this study was to evaluate whether species composition,richness,diversity,and soil properties can be recovered by the enclosure.Methods Twenty long-term monitoring sample plots were set in the Liaohe main stream river,Liaohe main stream river was enclosed for grazing and farmland exclusion in 2012.The height,coverage and individual numbers of plant were recorded for species richness and diversity evaluation from 2012 to 2017;soil nutrients were measured for comparative analysis in 2012 and 2017.We examined the effects of the establishment of enclosures on plant species diversity and soil properties from 2012 to 2017 in the riparian corridors of the Liaohe River system in China.Important Findings Plant species richness and diversity significantly increased from 2012 to 2017.The dominance of Asteraceae plants increased,while the abundance of Gramineae plants decreased over time.The difference in abundance increased each year since enclosure was implemented in 2012.The concentrations of phosphorus and potassium in the soil significantly decreased as a result of the combined effects of vegetation restoration and prohibition of farming practices following the establishment of enclosures.There was also a lag time related to the response of soil organic matter to the establishment of enclosures.In conclusion,our study provides new evidence regarding the response of species diversity,species composition and soil properties following riparian vegetation restoration efforts through enclosure development.展开更多
文摘The changes of vegetation compositions, plant species diversity, species important value and succession of plant community were studied on waste dumps in Haizhou opencast coalmine which is located in the west of Liaoning Province, China (41°41(-42°56( N, 121°1(-122°56(E). Four kinds of terraces with different ages (5, 10, 20 and 40 years) were selected for investigation of plants. Total of 63 species of natural colonized plants were recorded on the waste dump and they belong to 23 families. The main families were Compositae (15 species), Fabaceae (11 species) and Leguminosae (8 species), which accounted for 54.0% of total species and play an important role in natural vegetation recovery in waste dump area. The dominant species on 5-, 10-, 20-, 40-year-old terraces were Tribulus terrestris + Echinochloa hispidula + Salsola collina, Echinochloa hispidula + Artemisia sieversiana + Artemisia scoparia, Echinochloa hispidula + Clinelymus dahuricus + Artemisia scoparia + Artemisia sieversiana + Melilotus officinalis, Clinelymus dahuricus+Phragmites communis + Echinochloa hispidula+ Setaria viridis, respectively. According to the important value of species calculated. It is determined that Tribulus terrestris can act as pioneer species on waste dump and Clinelymus dahuricus, Phragmites communis and Echinochloah hispidula are important dominant species in vegetation restoration in Haizhou opencast coalmine. The study results can provide scientific basis for selecting and disposing appropriately plant species and rehabilitating vegetation on waste dumps of coalmine.
基金Supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(No.2007BAD43B01)the National Special Research Fund for Non-Profit Sector(Agriculture)(No.201303047)the Special Fund of Chinese Central Government for Basic Scientific Research Operations in Commonweal Research Institutes(No.2008T04)
文摘The diversity,community structure and seasonal variation in demersal nekton off the Changjiang(Yangtze)River estuary was evaluated using monthly trawl survey data,collected between December 2008 and November 2009.A total of 95 species(56 teleosts,11 cephalopods,and 28 decapod crustaceans)from 69 genera,49 families and 15 orders were collected.These species could be classifi ed into six groups on the basis of temporal distribution patterns.The resident crab Ovalipes punctatus dominated the community,both in number and biomass.A clear seasonal succession was observed in the species composition.Cluster analysis revealed three primary seasonal groups corresponding to the samples collected in winter-spring,late spring-summer and late summer-autumn.The highest biomass and lowest diversity were observed in summer,while the lowest biomass and highest diversity in winter.The abundance-biomass comparison curves and community composition suggested that the investigated community was moderately disturbed.The results suggest that reduction in fi shing pressure and in the degree of seasonal hypoxia are essential for sustainable resource management off the Changjiang River estuary.
基金financial support from the Ningbo Science and Technology Bureau and the Ningbo Oceanology and Fishery Bureau for Technology and Research of Marine Ecological Environmental Protection and Restoration of Xiangshan Bay (No. 2006C 10030)
文摘Xiangshan bay is a narrow semi-closed bay and situated on the northwestern coast of the East China Sea. Over past decades, it has become to a major bay with intensive human activities, dense urbanized area, and poor water quality. The aim of this paper was to reveal the ecological status through the elucidation of the species composition, abundance, biomass and diversity of macrobenthos in this bay. Six intertidal sections were surveyed from January 2007 to November 2008 quarterly. Sections TG, HD and XH are located in the three inner bays, sections QJ and WS are located near the thermal power plants, and section XX is located at the outer part of Xiangshan Bay. Great variations in macrobenthos community were indentified, and the species composition of the community in the present study showed the dominance in the order of molluscs （bivalves and gastropods）, crustaceans and others, and only few Polychaeta were recorded. Only three dominant species, Littorina brevicula, llyplax tansuiensis, and Cerithidea cingu- lata were collected in all the sections, and a total of 19 dominant species were recorded only in one section. Two-way ANOVA analyses of abundance indicated that there were significant differences among sections or seasons. Shannon-Wiener diversity index （H＇） had its maximum （2.45） in section QJ, and minimum （1.76） in section TG Multiple irregular k-dominance plots clearly showed that the study area was polluted and the macrobenthos community was under stress. We conclude that the macrobenthos of Xiang- shan Bay have been disturbed by human activities, especially at the interior bay.
文摘The Tunisian coastal oases constitute a model of very rich plant biodiversity, organized in different floors of cultivation. The date palm is the highest, the second is the diversified fruit trees and the smallest is composed by various other productions. The present paper is the results of a RAA diagnosis and bibliographic analysis of nearly thirty years of work on oases. The aim of this study is to focus on the plant diversity and the traditions in using different products. The survey revealed the existence of nearly 45 local date palm varieties, about 26 fruit trees, 65 vegetables and divers other species. It also raises nearly 30 uses of dates and date palm by-products. This survey shows also that oases inhabitants keep in possessing, for a long time, a knowledge to make ingenious concerning use and conservation of the products and by products of the date palm. This survey has all as much demonstrated the risks from weakening this balance which has long been maintained. Some recommendations to maintain and conserve this system are also presented in this paper.
文摘The Cross River Estuary,Nigeria,is an important shrimping area for artisanal fishermen of the coastal communities.The multi-species Macrobrachium fishery is exploited with three main gears,namely beach seine,push net and trap.Studies on species composition of this fishery recorded thirteen shrimp species,one swimming crab (Callinectes amnicola) and two fish species (Eleotris sp.and Pellonula leonensis).The shrimp species identified included Macrobrachium macrobrachion (83.39% and 55.69% by number and weight,respectively),M.vollenhovenii (9.66% and 37.18%),M.equidens (3.8% and 2.87%),juveniles-sub-adults of Penaeus notialis (1.11% and 1.3%),M.dux,M.felicinum,Palaemonetes africanus,Palaemon maculatus,Palaemon elegans,Desmocaris sp.,Leander sp.,Nematopalaemon hastatus and Alpheus pontederiae.While the selectivity index for trap was 0.25,beach seine and push net had a lower index of 0.063.The results present the first comprehensive and representative report for the Estuary shrimp fishery and will assist in the management of the biodiversity of this ecosystem.
基金supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program(2017YFC1200100)the special S&T project on treatment and control of water pollution(2012ZX07202-004)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901209)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M641492)Liaoning Natural Science Foundation(20180551024)the Shenyang Science and Technology Bureau(SYSY2016-16,SYSY2017-010).
文摘Aims Riparian corridors play vital roles in the maintenance of biodiversity.Nonetheless,plant species diversity and vegetation coverage in riparian corridors are seriously threatened by increasing pressure owing to livestock consumption and anthropogenic disturbance;even the stability of river courses has been threatened.The establishment of enclosures is a widely used strategy to restore degraded grassland ecosystems,but its impact on degraded herbaceous riparian vegetation and soil properties remains unclear.The aim of this study was to evaluate whether species composition,richness,diversity,and soil properties can be recovered by the enclosure.Methods Twenty long-term monitoring sample plots were set in the Liaohe main stream river,Liaohe main stream river was enclosed for grazing and farmland exclusion in 2012.The height,coverage and individual numbers of plant were recorded for species richness and diversity evaluation from 2012 to 2017;soil nutrients were measured for comparative analysis in 2012 and 2017.We examined the effects of the establishment of enclosures on plant species diversity and soil properties from 2012 to 2017 in the riparian corridors of the Liaohe River system in China.Important Findings Plant species richness and diversity significantly increased from 2012 to 2017.The dominance of Asteraceae plants increased,while the abundance of Gramineae plants decreased over time.The difference in abundance increased each year since enclosure was implemented in 2012.The concentrations of phosphorus and potassium in the soil significantly decreased as a result of the combined effects of vegetation restoration and prohibition of farming practices following the establishment of enclosures.There was also a lag time related to the response of soil organic matter to the establishment of enclosures.In conclusion,our study provides new evidence regarding the response of species diversity,species composition and soil properties following riparian vegetation restoration efforts through enclosure development.
