Solid waste management in developing countries has assumed the scale of a major social and environmental challenge. However, many developing countries such as Nigeria have a chronic solid waste management problem. Poo...Solid waste management in developing countries has assumed the scale of a major social and environmental challenge. However, many developing countries such as Nigeria have a chronic solid waste management problem. Poorly managed solid waste in market has resulted in health hazards and environmental disaster due to contamination by vermin. This paper studies the management of solid waste in Bodija market, Ibadan, Nigeria. The study adopted a quantitative approach, employing waste composition analysis of samples from the case study area, and questionnaire survey as key methods for data generation. Analysis of result reveals poor collection practise in the market with 6.7% respondents practicing open burning of refuse. However, high rate of waste generation in the market, inconsistency and inefficiency of the private collection agents and lack of funds on the part of the waste management authority has led to this practise. In the next two decades, a total volume of 282,000 m3 of landfill site would be needed for solid waste disposal in the market. The sanitary landfill technique has the potential to reduce environmental health problems created by the existing disposal methods. Hence, cost recovery practises and reconstruction of management capacity are recommended as solutions to the problem.展开更多
The increase of waste production, joined to the difficulties concerning both the identification of new disposal sites and the construction of big conventional incinerators, led in recent years to the development of ne...The increase of waste production, joined to the difficulties concerning both the identification of new disposal sites and the construction of big conventional incinerators, led in recent years to the development of new technologies for waste management such as gasification and melting treatments. The possibility to introduce in the Italian context the DMS （direct melting system） technology, designed and manufactured by Nippon Steel Engineering Co. Ltd., has been taken into account for the scope of proposed work. DMS technology consists in MSW gasification, slags melting and combustion of the syngas produced, with the consequent generation of electric energy through a steam cycle. The system minimizes environmental impact, thanks to an effective recycling of useful resources such as inert melted slags and metals, featuring high flexibility in terms of treatment capacity due to its modular design. The aim of this article is to consider different plant configurations in order to optimize the energy recovery downstream the DMS module. As a case study, landfill gas exploitation integrated in the DMS plant will be considered as a typical situation that could occur in the Italian scenario. The energetic input provided by the biogas allows improving the thermo-economic performances according to market incentives.展开更多
文摘Solid waste management in developing countries has assumed the scale of a major social and environmental challenge. However, many developing countries such as Nigeria have a chronic solid waste management problem. Poorly managed solid waste in market has resulted in health hazards and environmental disaster due to contamination by vermin. This paper studies the management of solid waste in Bodija market, Ibadan, Nigeria. The study adopted a quantitative approach, employing waste composition analysis of samples from the case study area, and questionnaire survey as key methods for data generation. Analysis of result reveals poor collection practise in the market with 6.7% respondents practicing open burning of refuse. However, high rate of waste generation in the market, inconsistency and inefficiency of the private collection agents and lack of funds on the part of the waste management authority has led to this practise. In the next two decades, a total volume of 282,000 m3 of landfill site would be needed for solid waste disposal in the market. The sanitary landfill technique has the potential to reduce environmental health problems created by the existing disposal methods. Hence, cost recovery practises and reconstruction of management capacity are recommended as solutions to the problem.
文摘The increase of waste production, joined to the difficulties concerning both the identification of new disposal sites and the construction of big conventional incinerators, led in recent years to the development of new technologies for waste management such as gasification and melting treatments. The possibility to introduce in the Italian context the DMS （direct melting system） technology, designed and manufactured by Nippon Steel Engineering Co. Ltd., has been taken into account for the scope of proposed work. DMS technology consists in MSW gasification, slags melting and combustion of the syngas produced, with the consequent generation of electric energy through a steam cycle. The system minimizes environmental impact, thanks to an effective recycling of useful resources such as inert melted slags and metals, featuring high flexibility in terms of treatment capacity due to its modular design. The aim of this article is to consider different plant configurations in order to optimize the energy recovery downstream the DMS module. As a case study, landfill gas exploitation integrated in the DMS plant will be considered as a typical situation that could occur in the Italian scenario. The energetic input provided by the biogas allows improving the thermo-economic performances according to market incentives.
