Management strategies of Barrett's esophagus

Barrett's esophagus is a condition resulting from chronic gastro-esophageal reflux disease with a documented risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Current strategies for improved survival in patients with Barrett's adenocarcinoma focus on detection of dysplasia. This can be obtained by screening programs in high-risk cohorts of patients and/or endoscopic biopsy surveillance of patients with known Barrett's esophagus (BE). Several therapies have been developed in attempts to reverse BE and reduce cancer risk. Aggressive medical management of acid reflux, lifestyle modifications, antireflux surgery, and endoscopic treatments have been recommended for many patients with BE. Whether these interventions are cost-effective or reduce mortality from esophageal cancer remains controversial. Current treatment requires combinations of endoscopic mucosal resection techniques to eliminate visible lesions followed by ablation of residual metaplastic tissue. Esophagectomy is currently indicated in multifocal high-grade neoplasia or mucosal Barrett's carcinoma which cannot be managed by endoscopic approach.

The Physical Models of Cyclone Diplegs in Fluidized Beds

In most industrial fluidization units, two- or three-stage cyclone systems are used to clean the product gases. To return the solids to the bed, these cyclones are fitted with diplegs. By pass of gas from the bed through the dipleg is partially overcome by the back pressure build-up in the dipleg and by adding a trickle valve at the bottom of the dipleg. Diplegs of primary cyclones, operating at a high solid loading behave differently from diplegs of secondary and tertiary cyclones which operate at low solid loading. Both types have been investigated by pressure drop measurements, visual observation and by measurements of the air flow rate flowing up the riser. The primary dipleg was also studied using electrical capacitance tomography. The results are reported hereafter and will give a first indication towards the right design of the dipleg and the selection of the trickle valve. The influence of gas flow in the dipleg on the conversion in a catalytic fluidized bed reactor is found to be negligible.

Exploring Crop Yield Benefits of Integrated Water and Nutrient Management Technologies in the Desert Margins of Africa： Experiences from Semi-Arid Zimbabwe

The benefits of integrating locally adaptable water and nutrient management technologies were explored in semi-arid Zimbabwe. On-farm maize based experiments were set up on six farmers＇ fields in Ward 5, Shurugwi. Three tillage systems namely Post-Emergence Tied Ridging （PETR）, Rip ＆ Pot-Holing （RPH） and Conventional Mouldboard Ploughing （CMP） were integrated to three nutrient management regimes, i.e. a control with no fertility amelioration, pit-stored cattle manure band applied at 10 t/ha and the latter with an additional top dressing of ammonium nitrate （34.5% N） at 100 kg/ha. On each site the treatments were set up as a completely randomized split-plot block design replicated 3 times with tillage （water management） as the main treatment and fertility as the sub-treatment. CMP mimicked the farmers＇ common land preparation practice while PETR and RPH systems represented the improved water harvesting tillage techniques. Results revealed significant nutrient management effects right from the first season giving 3-year means of 1,298, 1,977 and 2,490 kg/ha for the control, manure and manure plus fertilizer treatments respectively. On the other hand, water harvesting tillage effects were insignificant initially （2003/4） but had beneficial effects in subsequent seasons （2004/5 and 2005/6） with 3-year grain yield means of 1,624, 2,032 and 2,108 kg/ha for CMP, PETR and RPH, respectively. Maximum yield benefits from integrating PETR and RPH with manure ＋ AN fertility ameliorants amounted to 218 and 261% respectively, compared to CMP with no fertility amendment. The results therefore showed increased benefits when in-situ water harvesting tillage techniques are integrated with appropriate nutrient ameliorants giving realizable food security benefits to the farmer.

Enhancing Hospital Management of High-risk Medications by Computer PDCA-Cycle

Objective： To imensify management on high-alert Medications, ensure clinical medication safety. Methods： Statistical analysis was applied between before and after the implementation of PDCA-cycle in the management of high-alert Medications. Results： After PDCA- cycle, the rate of management of high-alert Medications increased from 59.5% to 94.6% （P〈0.01）, Conclusion： Our study suggested that the PDCA-cycle play an important role in the management of high-alert Medications, and then can increase the level of safety on management and utilization of medicine.

Ship Waste Management in the Port of Igoumenitsa, Greece

Port of Igoumenitsa in Greece is one of the most important Ports in European Union and enjoys a privileged position being located at the starting point of Egnatia Motorway The Port is one of the largest passenger ports in the East Mediterranean Sea basin, which, handles around 1,000,000 passengers per year for international destinations. The paper investigates current waste management and disposal options for ship generated waste and the associated impact of the waste for port. Data about the ship traffic were provided by the Port Authority and about the amount and characteristics of the wastes by the contractors for the disposal of the ship generated waste. It was concluded that all vessels should be encouraged to use the reception facilities and should pursue a waste reduction strategy and the port authority to provide adequate recycling facility. An electronic recording data system has to be adopted for better evaluation of the performance of the system. This system must record the deliveries for every ship in the port, the amount and the type of wastes are generated. Also must provide information about the maximum storage capacity of waste on board and about management of waste treatment options by the ships.

A Research on Evaluation System of Enterprise Logistics Management Maturity

Comprehensive measure and objectively reflect the maturity of enterprise logistics management is an important topic in business management. This paper, based on fuzzy evaluation method, constructs the evaluation index system of enterprise logistics management maturity, takes production-oriented enterprises for example, and explores the establishment of enterprise logistics management maturity evaluation system.

Logistics Management based on Supply Chain Management

Logistics is an important part of the supply chain and connect all aspects of the supply chain throughout it, which has become business cooperation ties. In the process of developing supply chain logistics strategy, generally require attention to the following questions： To segment customers, we should determine the appropriate level of customer service, such as order cycle, inventory levels and other modes of transport for different types of clients; Group products according to sales on them, we can take different strategies for each category of products. Order entry, order execution and delivery job processing accounted for a large proportion of logistics activities, which requires technology and management to make the entire processes of supply chain logistics more efficient, especially for the interface area between members of enterprises. We can eliminate redundant work by integrating flow, improve logistics efficiency.

Solid Waste Generation and Composition in Mexico： A Comparison between Rural and Urban Communities

This paper reports a generation and composition analysis of household solid waste in Mexico, using as a reference the characterization study performed in two communities, one urban and one rural. Data obtained are fundamental parameters for the planning of urban solid waste management systems in Mexico, complying this way with the established policy in the National Program for Waste Management and Prevention 2009-2012. The study was carried out during five days and two main parameters were assessed： （1） the daily generation rate per person and （2） the waste composition. The per capita waste generation was 0.958 kg for the urban community and 0.631 kg for the rural. The results showed that the mean composition of waste from both locations was statistically similar （a = 0.05）. In both locations the most important contribution was the fraction of food waste. In both locations more than 60% of the waste is potentially recyclable. The results of this study will be used by the municipal waste authorities in order to establish an integrated waste management plan.

Research on Enterprise Logistics Management System based on Internet of Things

Through the analysis of the feasibility of using network technology and network technology in supply chain management system, the paper puts forward the design framework of supply chain management system based on the lntemet of things, describes the key technology of the system. The application of Intemet of things in the supply chain management system, that will realize the effective management of the whole supply chain; enhance the competitiveness of enterprises and the whole supply chain.

Correlation between the Diversity and Land Use in Cleared Grassland Areas in the Pannon Mountains

Nowadays, mowing has an increasing role in the management of semi-natural and nature conservation areas. Semi-dry grasslands have been planted on cleared areas of forest in the Pannon Mountains, which would be reclaimed by forest without use of the areas by humans. In our work we analysed cleared grasslands. The questions we tried to answer were which changes were caused by different land use, how favourable mowing can be for the purpose of grassland management and nature protection, do the composition of the plant species and the diversity vary within two years when conditions of precipitation are different. In four sampling areas, in 4 × 10 quadrats we registered the plant species and their cover values. We performed a site assessment in April, June and October, 2013-2014. We analysed the data by using cluster and ordination processes and we compared the sampling areas on the basis of the humidity preference and Shannon＇s index of diversity. According to the results, the composition of species and diversity on the analysed areas used for different purposes considerably deviate from each other. Further, we found a difference between two portions of the area whose had minor deviation in water management.

Concept of Integrated Waste Management as Recoverable Resources in Product Cycle

This paper presents a conceptual framework of integrated waste management which focuses on all stages of product life cycle. A mechanism of resource recovery motivating from waste in economic system （designers, producers, consumers, stakeholders in the field of disposal of the product） is suggested. The classification of institutional and economic instruments in the field of waste management as recoverable resources is developed. The author has proposed a scientific and methodical approach to the formation of an integrated waste management as recoverable resources, which is based on a set of methods of economic incentives at all stages of product life cycle and ensures the maximum possible and the environmentally safe management of wastes containing valuable resource components.

Discussion on the Teaching Reform of Course Warehouse Management in Higher Vocational Colleges --,The Construction of Theory and Practice Courses Integrated Teaching Mode

Warehouse management, as a higher vocational course integrating theory and practice, is of extreme importance to training the professional personnel logistics management. In this paper, under the premise of the teaching objective of course Warehouse Management, and based on analyzing the disadvantages in the current teaching of the course, the teaching mode integrating theory and practice courses, and teaching and learning is discussed, so this paper is of great significance to the design of the course teaching modes in higher vocational colleges.

The Role and Effectiveness of Local Institutions in the Management of Forest Biodiversity in New Dabaga-Ulongambi Forest Reserve,Iringa Region-Tanzania

This paper examines the role and effectiveness of locacal institutions in the management of forest biodiversity in New Dabaga-Ulongambi Forest Reserve, Tanzania. Data were obtained through questionnaires, interviews, focus group discussions, participatory rural appraisal and field observations. The study revealed that the most remarkable local institutions connected to forest biodiversity management include： Village Natural Resources Man- agement Committee （92%）, tree nursery group （79.4%）, beekeep- ing groups （61.1%）, fish fanning （43.3%）, livestock rearing group （33.9%）. Main activities carried out by local institutions which directly contribute to the sustainability Of forest reserve include： forest patrols, fire extinguish, preparation of fire breaks, plant- ing of trees along the forest boundaries, creation of awareness, arresting of forest defaulters, participation in income generation activities. For the purpose of realization that local communities are capable of managing forest biodiversity through their traditional institutions, the policy should provide tangible opportunity for local communities to meet their needs as they manage the forests.

Research on logistics management system based on supply chain management

Generally, supply chain logistics is the unification of logistics, information flow and capital flow, logistics runs through the whole process of the supply chain. Logistics connects the individual enterprise in the supply chain and it is the bond of mutual cooperation between enterprises. In that way, the logistics management becomes an important part of the supply chain management system naturally. However, it is not so long since the theory of supply chain management and logistics management put forward so they are still being refined. Besides, it is lack of green philosophy in the logistics management of the supply chain and effect of logistics on the environment and resource efficiency do not be considered synthetically. Yet, methods to solve the problem that customers return items and waste materials have been excluded from the enterprises and business strategy. With the awareness that people should protect the environment and conserve resources enhanced and governments increase the intensity of environmental regulations constraints, the theory and practice of green logistics management are valued by the foreign supply chain management and logistics management theory community and the business community gradually.