让Adobe After Effects表达式表达你的创意

Adobe公司的专业图像动画软件After Effects功能强大,操作方式和软件界面又非常适合制作人员的使用习惯,因此受到了大量特技制作师的欢迎。其中的表达式极大地扩充了After Effects的制作手法,使得特技制作人员的许多新奇创意得以方便地实现。本文从理论分析和实例介绍两方面入手,阐述了一些常用表达式的使用要点,以及作者使用这些表达式的经验技巧。

Opioid/naloxone prolonged release combinations for opioid induced constipation

I read with great interest the recent article by Chen et al in a recent issue of your esteemed journal.The article is highly thought provoking.One emerging therapeutic alternative for opioid induced constipation is the emergence of opioid/naloxone prolonged release combinations.For instance,naloxone when administered in a 1:2 ratio with oxycodone reverses the inhibitory effect of oxycodone on the gastrointestinal tract.The advantage of oxycodone/naloxone prolonged release(OXN) is that while its anti-nociceptive efficacy is equivalent to that of oxycodone prolonged release(OXC),it significantly decreases the "Bowel Function Index" thereby ameliorating symptoms of opioid induced constipation to a large extent.Schutter et al in a recent study have reported a decrease in the bowel function index from 38.2 to 15.1.Similarly,L wenstein et al in another recent study have reported that following a month of therapy,complete spontaneous bowel movements per week is increased from one in OXC therapy to three in OXN therapy.

Inhibitory effects of extracellular adenosine triphosphate on growth of esophageal carcinoma cells

AIM： To study the growth inhibitory effects of ATP on TE-13 human squamous esophageal carcinoma cellsin vitro.METHODS： NTT assay was used to determine the inhibition of proliferation of ATP or adenosine （ADO） on TE-13 cell line. The morphological changes of TE-13 cells induced by ATP or ADO were observed under fluorescence light microscope by acridine orange （AO）/ethidium bromide （EB） double stained cells. The intemudeosomal fragmentation of genomic DNA was detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. The apoptotic rate and cell cycle after treatment with ATP or ADO were determined by flow cytometry.RESULTS： ATP and ADO produced inhibitory effects on TE-13 cells at the concentration between 0.01 and 1.0 mmol/L. The ICs0 of TE-13 cells exposed to ATP or ADO for 48 and 72 h was 0.71 or 1.05, and 0.21 or 0.19 mmol/L, respectively. The distribution of cell cycle phase and proliferation index （PI） value of TE-13 cells changed, when being exposed to ATP or ADO at the concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mmol/L for 48 h. ATP and ADO inhibited the cell proliferation by changing the distribution of cell cycle phase via either G0/G1 phase （ATP or ADO, 1 mmol/L） or S phase （ATP, 0.1 mmol/L） arrest. Under light microscope, the tumor cells exposed to 0.3 mmol/L ATP or ADO displayed morphological changes of apoptosis. A ladder-like pattern of DNA fragmentation was obtained from TE-13 cells treated with 0.1-1 mmol/L ATP or ADO in agarose gel electrophoresis. ATP and ADO induced apoptosis of TE-13 cells in a dose-dependent manner at the concentration between 0.03 and 1 mmol/L. The maximum apoptotic rate of TE-13 cells exposed to ATP or ADO for 48 h was 16.63% or 16.9%, respectively.CONCLUSION： ATP and ADO inhibit cell proliferation, arrest cell cycle, and induce apoptosis of TE-13 cell line.

Advance in Studies on Chemical Constituents, Pharmacology and Quality Control of Aquilaria sinensis

Aquilaria sinensis(Thymelaeaceae)is widely cultivated in southern China for its significant medicinal usage.The resinous wood,the most used part of the plant as traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),locally called“Chen Xiang(沉香)”or Chinese agarwood,has been traditionally used for the treatment of circulatory disorders,abdominal pain,vomiting,and dyspnea.Till date,over 249 compounds have been isolated and identified from this plant.A range of bioactivities,including α-glucosidase inhibitory effects,anti-inflammatory,cytotoxicity,neuroprotective,anti-neuroinflammatory,antimicrobial and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effects,along with some of the pharmacological mechanisms have been reported for the pure compounds or extracts of Aquilaria sinensis.For the purpose of quality control and clinical safety of drug usage,modern analytical instruments and chemical analysis methods have been applied for analyses of Aquilaria sinensis.In order to comprehensively understand the medicinal application and to fully utilize the plant,a literature search on the herb based on databases including SciFinder,Web of Science,Pubmed,Google Scholar and others was performed and the information regarding to the phytochemistry investigations,pharmacological studies and quality control was summarized in this paper.

Management of Chenopodium album L. through the Allelopathic Effect of Mangifera indica L.

Chenopodium album is an invasive weed in wheat fields in Egypt. The present study indicated the potentials for utilization of MILAE （Mangifera indica leaves aqueous extract） at different concentrations （5%, 10%, 15% and 25%） to suppress the germination and growth of C. album in Petri dish experiment Results indicated that predictable degrees of inhibition in C album germination and growth rate of seedlings were accompanied with the increase in the concentration of MILAE. PL （Plumule） and RL （radicle） lengths of C. album were negatively affected as the concentration of MILAE increased and the effect was prominent at 25% extract concentration. This study recommended the use of MILAE as strong phytotoxic potential allelochemicals. an alternative bioherbicides, since its leaves extract possess

Refrigeration Calculation and System Design for Medium-term Genebank of Crop Germplasm Resources in Shandong Province

Crop germplasm resources are the material basis for the breeding of new varieties, and strategic resources for food production, ecological security and agricultural sustainable development. Constructing a scientific, environmental-friendly and energy-saving medium-term genebank is essential for preserving crop germplasm resources. However, the construction of medium-term genebank involves a wide range of subjects but lacks unified standard, which might result in many difficulties in the process of construction and application. According to the key parameters of refrigeration system for medium-term genebank, the cooling load was calculated and key system schemes were determined in this paper. Based on the calculation results and designed schemes, the equipment selection was discussed and the standards for construction of bank and monitoring system were proposed with the aim to provide references for germplasm genebank design and equipment selection.

Zeolite diagenesis and its control on petroleum reservoir quality of Permian in northwestern margin of Junggar Basin,China

Recently, silicate diagenesis has been the focus of many studies because of its impact on porosity and permeability in sedimentary rocks. In the process of diagenetic evolution, the crystallization, cementation, and corrosion of zeolite （as a diagenetic mineral） have different effects on properties of Permian reservoirs in the study area. In the Permian sediments in the no,inwestern margin of the Junggar Basin, Zeolite minerals have formed during diagenesis in an open hydrologic system, related to the hydration of abundant volcanic glass. Chemical property of groundwater, pH of pore water, cation property and ratios have directly influenced the transformation among various zeolites and the dissolution of zeolite mineral. The main species of zeolite include analcime, heulandite, and laumontite. Transformations of these minerals during diagenesis are： volcanic glass→ clinoptilolite→analcime→heulandite→laumontite. Corrosion of analcime obviously improved reservoir quality. Extensive heulandite cementation developed and intensively reduced reservoir pore spaces. Early zeolite cementation protected pore structure against compaction and provided substance for late dissolution. The dissolution of analcime was closely related with the organic acid recharged by hydrocarbon source rocks and the NaHCO3 type formation water in the Permian, and was sensitive to permeability of rocks. Within the CaCl2 type formation water, heulandite and laumontite were hardly dissolved. In the study area, the belt with dissolved analcime is the area for the development of secondary pores and favorable reservoirs.

Cold Nuclear Matter Effects on Isolated Prompt Photon and Isolated Prompt Photon+Jet Productions in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

We investigate the cold nuclear matter(CNM) effects on isolated prompt photon and isolated prompt photon associated jet productions in nuclear collisions at the NLO accuracy by using the EPS09 NLO nuclear parton distribution functions and their error sets.Nuclear modification factors of isolated prompt photon and isolated prompt photon+jet productions due to CNM effects in p+A and A+A reactions at the RHIC and the LHC are provided with varying rapidity and transverse momentum of the final state photon.It is shown that the CNM effects on isolated prompt photon and photon+jet are modest,which give a small enhancement at low pT region and a more obvious suppression at large pT at central rapidity.At forward rapidity a pronounced suppression of γ as well as γ+jet is always observed.

Potential antitumor mechanisms of phenothiazine drugs

In this study,three kinds of phenothiazine drugs were analyzed to explore their potential antitumor mechanisms.First,target proteins that could interact with chlorpromazine,fluphenazine and trifluoperazine were predicted.Then,the target proteins of the three drugs were intersected.Cell signaling pathway enrichment and related disease enrichment were conducted for the intersected proteins to extract the enrichment categories associated with tumors.By regulation network analysis of the protein interactions,the mechanisms of action of these target proteins in tumor tissue were clarified,thus confirming the potential antitumor mechanisms of the phenothiazine drugs.The final results of cell signaling pathway enrichment and related disease enrichment showed that the categories with the highest score were all found in tumors.Target proteins belonging to the tumor category included signaling pathway members such as Wnt,MAPK and retinoic acid receptor.Moreover,another target protein,MAPK8,could indirectly act on target proteins CDK2,IGF1R,GSK3B,RARA,FGFR2 and MAPK10,thereby affecting tumor cell division and proliferation.Therefore,phenothiazine drugs may have potential antitumor effects,and tumorassociated target proteins play important roles in the process of cell signaling transduction cascades.