A two-dimensional Brans-Dicke star model with exotic matter and dark energy is studied in this paper,the field equation and balance equation are derived at finite temperature,the analytic solutions of these equations ...A two-dimensional Brans-Dicke star model with exotic matter and dark energy is studied in this paper,the field equation and balance equation are derived at finite temperature,the analytic solutions of these equations canbe used to calculate the mass of star.In addition,we find that star's mass has a minimum when matter state parameterγ→0.展开更多
文摘采用HOCK的分布式能量物质平衡模型对老虎沟12号冰川消融期的物质平衡进行了模拟,时间步长为1 h,空间分辨率为30 m.模型结果利用物质平衡观测数据和气象站观测数据验证,模型模拟时期为2012年6月1日-9月30日.模型模拟结果表明,地形因子对太阳辐射影响相当显著;散射辐射在总辐射中的比例较大为39%,模拟期冰川表面物质平衡为-506 mm w.e..在模拟期整个冰川平均上净辐射占能量收入的84%,感热通量占有16%;消融耗热则是能量的主要支出占有62%,潜热通量占有能量支出的38%.
文摘本文基于评估和订正后的高亚洲精细再分析数据集(HAR v2),利用COSIMA单点能量−物质平衡模型系统分析了祁连山老虎沟12号冰川消融区4550 m自动气象站处2012年物质和能量交换过程及其对气候变化的响应特征,并在此基础上首次重建了1991—2020年能量和物质平衡序列。研究结果表明:①HAR v2数据集在研究区具有良好的适用性,由此驱动的COSIMA模型显示2012年冰川消融区模拟年累积物质平衡为-2333 mm w.e.。净短波辐射是冰川消融的主要能量来源(90.1%),净长波辐射是能量的主要输出项(58.6%);②该冰川物质平衡对降水变化总体保持线性响应,但对气温变化的响应表现出非对称性和非线性响应特征;③近30 a冰川表面能量收入项中净短波辐射、感热通量多年平均占比分别为89.2%、10.8%,而能量支出项中净长波辐射、消融耗热、潜热通量和地热通量多年平均占比依次为58.6%、26.5%、12.4%和2.5%。该冰川消融区长期处于物质高亏损状态,多年平均消融量为−2392 mm w.e.。在云量以及相对湿度、风速等其它气象因素影响下,净短波辐射的变幅大大超过感热通量、净长波辐射和潜热通量等能量项的变幅是该冰川消融强、弱年形成的主要原因。此外,固态降水也是制约冰川物质平衡的重要因素。
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Education Committee under Grant No.08ZA038
文摘A two-dimensional Brans-Dicke star model with exotic matter and dark energy is studied in this paper,the field equation and balance equation are derived at finite temperature,the analytic solutions of these equations canbe used to calculate the mass of star.In addition,we find that star's mass has a minimum when matter state parameterγ→0.