水产养殖专业“水生生物资源与环境调查”实习的改革

《水生生物资源与环境调查》是重要的专业必修课,也是重要的实践实训环节之一。在水产养殖学科不断发展和树立以生为本教育观的推进下,该实习的改革势在必行。

突发环境事件应急物资储备建设初探

突发环境事件不仅破坏生态环境,更威胁人类健康。现场处置中,配备合适的应急物资直接影响到处置人员的人生安全,同时也决定了检测数据的准确性,在突发环境事件处置中发挥着重要作用。从个人防护设施、检测仪器、交通通讯器材和生活保障4个方面进行的分析。认为,这4个方面在成功应对突发环境事件中有着重要作用。

职业学校应着力改善育人环境

学校是有目的、有计划、有组织地向学生系统传授社会规范、价值标准和知识技能的专门机构,学校教育工作的最终目标是促进学生德、智、体全面发展,为社会主义现代化建设培养合格的建设者和接班人。培养合格的建设者和接班人,是以人的素质为基础的,因此,现代教育的根本在于提高人的素质。提高人的素质不仅要重视知识技能的传授,也要重视育人环境的建设。

物资采购经济运行风险与防控措施

我国经济形势在改革开放初始阶段到目前的延续过程中有了一定程度的扭转趋势，根据不同企业运营过程中的实际物资采购行为进行细致的观察和研究，结合内部生产经营的主要管理环节效应以及市场内部因素的复杂形态结构进行系统的比对和研究，使得相对客观的物资采购活动风险预测工作意识得到认同。借助目前飞速发展的信息数字处理控制技术的应用实效水准以及物资采购流程的细致监督，借助一定数字信息的合理传输与分析转换处理，实现必要可视化模型的建立和空间效果延伸，使得整体风险隐患的轮廓得以展现，保证后期管理控制工作的积极落实，促进整个采购工作的高效发展效能，促进企业自身内部认证标准的全面优化，实现现代化综合企业发展格局的不断改进，满足国家综合经济环境管理工作的全面普及。

关于建设区域站点式应急物资库的探析

21世纪的中国正处于突发事件的高发期,突发环境事件有很多形式,存在诸多风险,需要加强风险的防控,调整生活中的危害,作好应急管理。根据突发环境事件的相关应急工作内容,进行应急物资库的建设,加强构建区域社会化物资储备应对网络,提升风险管控能力。文章将针对突发环境事件的应急物资和应急管理进行分析,从实际情况出发,对建设区域站点式应急物资库及拟选进行分析。

浅谈良好师生关系的建立

美好的环境是一部多彩的,立体的,富有吸引力的教科书.她对生活其中的学生具有“润物细无声”的作用.而环境分为物资环境和人文环境两种.在平时的工作中我非常注重班级的宏化建设,文化建设,为学生营造一个温馨的班级.但人际环境对学生的成长往往具有更大的影响.苏霍姆林斯基说过：“如果学生不愿意把自己的欢乐和痛苦告诉老师,不愿意与老师坦诚,那么谈论任何教育都总归是可笑的.任何教育都是可笑的.”由此可见,建立良好的师生关系是教育教学工作成功的基础,那如何在师生间建起心灵的彩桥呢？

砗磲人工繁育、资源恢复与南海岛礁生态牧场建设

南海珊瑚岛礁是海洋生态系统的重要组成部分,是区域特色海洋和渔业生物资源及其多样性的保障。砗磲是珊瑚岛礁的构成物种,具有优良的造礁、固护礁功能,并为其它岛礁生物提供栖息地、繁育和庇护场所;近20多年来,在人类活动和全球环境变化影响下,砗磲及珊瑚等岛礁生物资源受到比较严重的破坏,其岛礁生态牧场天然参与者和构建者的功能受损明显。我们突破砗磲幼虫虫黄藻植入难点和变态率极低的瓶颈问题,率先在成功研发了砗磲规模化人工繁育和中培技术,并进行了放流增殖试验,取得了良好的效果。但砗磲及珊瑚等生物资源情况依然严峻,期望今后开展更系统、科学、更大规模的基于砗磲、珊瑚及其它重要礁栖生物放流增殖的生态牧场构建,全面恢复南海珊瑚岛礁的生态环境和生物资源,推动南海的可持续发展。

Green Tourism in Mountain Regions-Reducing Vulnerability and Promoting People and Place Centric Development in the Himalayas

In recent years, mountain regions are attracting great attention to Indian tourists in general and foreign tourists in particular. The potential mountain resources for promoting green tourism are enormous in the form of natural and cultural heritage such as biosphere reserves, flora and fauna, lakes and rivers and traditional rural resources. In order to utilise tourism industry market, uncontrolled numbers of tourists and related haphazard infrastructural facilities in the vulnerable mountain regions pose serious environmental implications. The ecological pressures are threatening land, water and wild life resources through direct and indirect environmental impacts together with generation of solid and liquid wastes, so green tourism is emerging as an important task in order to develop new relationship between communities, government agencies and private sectors. The strategy focuses on ecological understanding, environmental protection and ecodevelopment. The major attributes of the green tourism include environmental conservation and education and distribution of income to local people based on strong partnership. Various knowledge systems go a long way for achieving the goals of the green tourism, which creates awareness about the value of environmental resources. Mountains have ecological, recreational, educational and scientific values, which need to be utilised in sustainable way. Various tourist activities and facilities need to be diversified in order to achieve multiple benefits including scientific field excursion, recreation in natural and cultural areas, community festivals and sport tourisms. Green tourism considers tourism development as an integral part of a national and regional development. The paper discusses the social, economic and environmental dimensions of the green tourism with particular reference to village tourism development programme taking empirical evidences from the Himalaya. Such programme also minimises biophysical and human vulnerability and risks in mountain regions. The environmental consciousness campaign and introduction of code through multi- purpose Tourist Resource Centres are gaining currency in above context.

Surfactant-Enhanced Phytoremediation of Soils Contaminated with Hydrophobic Organic Contaminants:Potential and Assessment

Phytoremediation is becoming a cost-effective technology for the in-situ clean up of sites polluted with hydrophobic organic contaminants （HOCs）. The major factors limiting phytoremediation are the mass transfer, rate of plant uptake, and microbial biodegradation of HOCs. This article discusses the potential of surfactants to enhance desorption, plant uptake, and biodegradation of HOCs in the contaminated sites. Positive effects of surfactants on phytoremediation have been recently observed in greenhouse studies. The presence of some nonionic surfactants including polyoxyethylene sorbltan monooleate （Tween 80） and polyoxyethylene（23）dodecanol （Brij35） at relatively low concentrations resulted in significant positive effects on phytoremediation for pyrene-contaminated soil. However, the anionic surfactant （sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS） and the cationic surfactant （cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTMAB） were not useful because of their phytotoxicity or low efficiency for surfactant-enhanced phytoremediation （SEPR）. The mechanisms of SEPR for HOC-contaminated sites were evaluated by considering experimental observations. In view of concerns about the cost effectiveness and toxicity of surfactants to plants, more research is needed to enhance the use of SEPR technology.

Site selection of emergency material warehouse under fuzzy environment

The objective of this work was to determine the location of emergency material warehouses. For the site selection problem of emergency material warehouses, the triangular fuzzy numbers are respectively demand of the demand node, the distance between the warehouse and demand node and the cost of the warehouse, a bi-objective programming model was established with minimum total cost of the system and minimum distance between the selected emergency material warehouses and the demand node. Using the theories of fuzzy numbers, the fuzzy programming model was transformed into a determinate bi-objective mixed integer programming model and a heuristic algorithm for this model was designed. Then, the algorithm was proven to be feasible and effective through a numerical example. Analysis results show that the location of emergency material warehouse depends heavily on the values of degree a and weight wl. Accurate information of a certain emergency activity should be collected before making the decision.

The Characteristic Patterns of Macrofaunal Fouling Assemblages in Nearshore Waters of the South China Sea

The spatio-temporal patterns of macrofaunal fouling assemblages were quantitatively investigated in the nearshore waters of the South China Sea.The work was undertaken by deploying seasonal panels at two sites(H-site,L-site) for one year,and the fouling communities on the panels were examined and analyzed.The results indicated that species composition of assemblages was obviously different between the two sites.At both sites the assemblages were characteristic with solitary dominant species throughout the year,with Amphibalanus reticulates dominating at H-site and Hydroides elegans at L-site.Shannon index and biomass of the assemblages varied with depth and season at both sites.At H-site the total biomass in summer and autumn were significantly higher than those in spring and winter,while at L-site the assemblage biomass also differed significantly among the four seasons,and the greatest biomass occurred at the depth of 2.0 m in winter.The abundance of all seasonal samples in non-metric multidimensional scaling was clustered as one group at L-site and three groups at H-site.The environmental factors were more likely to be related to the variation of fouling assemblages.Furthermore,it also suggests that in tropical seas the integrated adaptability would qualify a species for dominating a fouling assemblage despite its short life cycle,rather than the usually assumed only species with long life span.This study reveals the complexity and characteristic dynamics of macrofaunal fouling assemblages in the tropical habitats,and the results would provide valuable knowledge for biodiversity and antifouling research.

Analysis on Policies of Oil and Gas in China

The Government has actively introduced oil and gas policies to promote the sustainable and healthy development of the industry it, 2017. The purposes of such policies are： to accelerate the reform of mineral resource royalties and advance the competitive transfer of mining rights; to promote the reform of the natural gas price, introduce cost supervision on long-distance natural gas pipeline enterprises in the area of gas pipeline transportation, and strengthen the regulation qf the distribution price; to liberalize the import qf crude oil in an orderly manner, increase the allowable volume of non-state trading crude oil imports, strengthen the supervision and periodically pause the approval of the right to use imported crude oil; and to enhance environmental protection.

Analysis of pollutant components in landfill leachate from hinterland landfill in Three Gorge Water Reservoir

This paper mainly discusses the protection of water resource environment in Three Gorge Water Reservoir, a systematic investigation and analysis of the landfill leachate＇s polluting components, hazardous and changing rule in landfill leachate from hinterland landfill located in the surrounding area have been carried out, and proposed the countermeasures for disposition the leachate furtherly.

Research on logistics domain-oriented cloud resource management model and architecture

To address the challenges posed by resource shortage or surplus to enterprises productivity,Internet platforms have been widely used,which can balance shortage and surplus in broader environments. However,the existing resource management models lack openness,sharing ability and scalability,which make it difficult for many heterogeneous resources to co-exist in the same system. It is also difficult to resolve the conflicts between distributed self-management and centralized scheduling in the system. This paper analyzes the characteristics of resources in the distributed environment and proposes a new resource management architecture by considering the resource aggregation capacity of cloud computing. The architecture includes a universal resource scheduling optimization model which has been applied successfully in double-district multi-ship-scheduling multi-container-yard empty containers transporting of international shipping logistics. Applications in all these domains prove that this new resource management architecture is feasible and can achieve the expected effect.

Use of CCW （Civil Construction Waste） in Soil Improvement

The vast production of CCW （Civil Construction Waste） has caused socio-environmental concern as a result of the exploration of natural resources, clandestine disposal and proliferation of vector-borne diseases, for example. It now gives priority to non-generation, reduction and recycling of CCW. This study, therefore, seeks an alternative for CCW by comparing the physical and mechanical characteristics, both in laboratory and onsite, of the recycled CCW aggregate and natural aggregate （stone powder）, commonly used in the composition of compaction piles for improving soils in foundation works in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. All results showed similar behaviours among the investigated samples （CCW recycled and natural）, confirming the satisfactory performance of the investigated CCW material.

Application of Dempster-Shafer theory in mineral resource potential mapping

The Dempster-Shafer theory has been successfully applied to mineral resource potential mapping in GIS environmental. In this applied form, basic probability assignment and combined basic probability assignment are applied to measuring map pattem and map pattem combination, respectively; and the environment composed of the only two singleton sets （deposit set and non-deposit set）, is used for expressing the entire map area. For a subarea in which the certain map pattern combination exists, the combined basic probability assignment corresponding to the map pattern combination existing in this subarea, expresses the belief of inferring the subarea belonging to the deposit set from the evidence that the corresponding map pattern combination existing in the subarea. Thus, it may be served as a statistical index measuring the relative mineral resource potentials of the subarea. And it may be determined like 1） dividing the map area into a series of small equal-sized grid cells and then select the training sample set composed of the well-known grid cells or the entire grid cells; 2） estimating the basic probability assignments corresponding to each map pattern fromthe training sample set; 3） determining the map pattern combination existing in each cell, and then appling the Dempster＇s Rule of Combination to integrating the all basic probability assignments corresponding to the map patterns existing in the cell into the combined basic probability assignment. Mineral resource potential mapping with the Dempster-Shafer theory is demonstrated on a case study to select mineral resource targets. The experimental results manifest that the model can be compared with the weights of evidence model in the effectiveness of mineral resource target selection.

Concept of Integrated Waste Management as Recoverable Resources in Product Cycle

This paper presents a conceptual framework of integrated waste management which focuses on all stages of product life cycle. A mechanism of resource recovery motivating from waste in economic system （designers, producers, consumers, stakeholders in the field of disposal of the product） is suggested. The classification of institutional and economic instruments in the field of waste management as recoverable resources is developed. The author has proposed a scientific and methodical approach to the formation of an integrated waste management as recoverable resources, which is based on a set of methods of economic incentives at all stages of product life cycle and ensures the maximum possible and the environmentally safe management of wastes containing valuable resource components.

An Overview of the Resources and Environmental Issues from Wasted Food in Urban Catering across China

There is growing global concern over food waste and its impacts on resources, environmental issues and food security, especially in developing countries. However, knowledge of food waste, in particular, the food wasted by consumers in restaurants, is entirely inadequate in China. Here, based on media reports and documents about food waste we provide an overview of food wasted by consumers in restaurants in China. We roughly estimated total food waste in order to uncover the seriousness of this large issue. We collected international literature referring to food waste and provided a detailed explanation of the resources and environmental costs associated with food waste. Ultimately we propose a conceptual diagram on research into catering food waste by consumers to evaluate resources and environmental costs based on life cycle assessment in China. This work will stimulate interdisciplinary research in this field.

生态脆弱地区现代公路建设的哲学审视——以云南为例

生物资源及生态环境是人类赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础。本文通过论述现代公路发展对云南植物资源及生态环境所造成的深刻影响,并运用中西对比的研究方法对现代公路建设对生物资源及生态环境的破坏加以论证。从哲学层面解读现代公路建设与资源及生态环境保护的矛盾及其化解。将数学的最大公约数概念引伸为哲学的最大公约数思维,在现代公路建设与生态系统保护中的伦理道德评价、价值评判、利益权衡以及行为保障所构成的综合体系中寻求"最大公约数",进而探讨和转化出了"选择环境最优的路线方案,建立现代公路建设效益和生态环境影响对比分析系统,构建生态预警机制和生态补偿机制"等实践行为方式,力求实现现代公路建设与生物资源及生态保护关系的最佳化。