Bacterial community presumably plays an essential role in inhibiting pathogen colonization and maintaining the health of scallop larvae, but limiting data are available for Yesso scallop （Patinopecten yessoensisis Ja...Bacterial community presumably plays an essential role in inhibiting pathogen colonization and maintaining the health of scallop larvae, but limiting data are available for Yesso scallop （Patinopecten yessoensisis Jay, 1857） larval development stages. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare the bacterial communities associating with Yesso scallop larval development at fertilized egg S l, trochophora S2, D-shaped larvae S3, umbo larvae S4, and juvenile scallop S5 stages by Illumina high-throughput sequencing. Genomic DNA was extracted from the larvae and their associating baetera, and a gene segment covering V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced using an Illumina Miseq sequencer. Overall, 106760 qualified sequences with an average length of 449 bp were obtained. Sequences were compared with those retrieved from 16S rRNA gene databases, and 4 phyla, 7 classes, 15 orders, 21 families, 31 genera were identified. Proteobacteria was predominant phylum, accounting for more than 99%, at all 5 larval development stages. At genus level, Pseudomonas was dominant at stages S1 （80.60%）, S2 （87.77%） and S5 （68.71%）, followed by Photobacterium （17.06%） and Aeromonas （1.64%） at stage S1, Serratia （6.94%）, Stenotrophomonas （3.08%） and Acinetobacter （1.2%） at stage S2, Shewanella （25.95%） and Pseudoalteromonas （4.57%） at stage S5. Moreover, genus Pseudoal- teromonas became dominant at stages S3 （44.85%） and S4 （56.02%）, followed by Photobacterium （29.82%）, Pseudomonas （11.86%）, Aliivibrio （8.60%） and Shewanella （3.39%） at stage S3, Pseudomonas （18.16%）, Aliivibrio （14.29%）, Shewanella （4.11%）, Psychro- monas （4.04%） and Psychrobacter （1.81%） at stage S4. From the results, we concluded that the bacterial community changed sig- nificantly at different development stages of Yesso Scallop larvae.展开更多
Understanding the effects of elevation and related factors(climate,vegetation) on the physical and chemical soil properties can help to predict changes in response to future climate or afforestation forcings.This work...Understanding the effects of elevation and related factors(climate,vegetation) on the physical and chemical soil properties can help to predict changes in response to future climate or afforestation forcings.This work aims to contribute to the knowledge of soil evolution and the classification of forest soils in relation to elevation in the montane stage,with special attention to podzolization and humus forms.The northern flank of the Moncayo Massif(Iberian Range,SW Europe) provides a unique opportunity to study a forest soils catena within a consistent quartzitic parent material over a relatively steep elevation gradient.With increasing elevation,pH,base saturation,exchangeable potassium,and fine silt-sized particles decrease significantly,while organic matter,the C/N ratio,soil aggregate stability,water repellency and coarse sand-sized particles increase significantly.The soil profiles shared a set of properties in all horizons:loamy-skeletal particle-size,extreme acidity(pH-H_2O<5.6) and low base saturation(<50%).The most prevalent soil forming processes in the catena include topsoil organic matter accumulation and even podzolization,which increases with elevation.From the upper to lower landscape positions of wooded montane stage of the Moncayo Massif,mull-moder-mor humus and an UmbrisolCambisol-Podzol soil unit sequences were found.展开更多
基金financial support from Zhang Zidao Sland Group Co.,Ltd. for the project (99801214)
文摘Bacterial community presumably plays an essential role in inhibiting pathogen colonization and maintaining the health of scallop larvae, but limiting data are available for Yesso scallop （Patinopecten yessoensisis Jay, 1857） larval development stages. The aim of this study was to characterize and compare the bacterial communities associating with Yesso scallop larval development at fertilized egg S l, trochophora S2, D-shaped larvae S3, umbo larvae S4, and juvenile scallop S5 stages by Illumina high-throughput sequencing. Genomic DNA was extracted from the larvae and their associating baetera, and a gene segment covering V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced using an Illumina Miseq sequencer. Overall, 106760 qualified sequences with an average length of 449 bp were obtained. Sequences were compared with those retrieved from 16S rRNA gene databases, and 4 phyla, 7 classes, 15 orders, 21 families, 31 genera were identified. Proteobacteria was predominant phylum, accounting for more than 99%, at all 5 larval development stages. At genus level, Pseudomonas was dominant at stages S1 （80.60%）, S2 （87.77%） and S5 （68.71%）, followed by Photobacterium （17.06%） and Aeromonas （1.64%） at stage S1, Serratia （6.94%）, Stenotrophomonas （3.08%） and Acinetobacter （1.2%） at stage S2, Shewanella （25.95%） and Pseudoalteromonas （4.57%） at stage S5. Moreover, genus Pseudoal- teromonas became dominant at stages S3 （44.85%） and S4 （56.02%）, followed by Photobacterium （29.82%）, Pseudomonas （11.86%）, Aliivibrio （8.60%） and Shewanella （3.39%） at stage S3, Pseudomonas （18.16%）, Aliivibrio （14.29%）, Shewanella （4.11%）, Psychro- monas （4.04%） and Psychrobacter （1.81%） at stage S4. From the results, we concluded that the bacterial community changed sig- nificantly at different development stages of Yesso Scallop larvae.
基金supported by project CGL2013-43440-R,funded by the Ministerio de Economiay Competitividad of Spain
文摘Understanding the effects of elevation and related factors(climate,vegetation) on the physical and chemical soil properties can help to predict changes in response to future climate or afforestation forcings.This work aims to contribute to the knowledge of soil evolution and the classification of forest soils in relation to elevation in the montane stage,with special attention to podzolization and humus forms.The northern flank of the Moncayo Massif(Iberian Range,SW Europe) provides a unique opportunity to study a forest soils catena within a consistent quartzitic parent material over a relatively steep elevation gradient.With increasing elevation,pH,base saturation,exchangeable potassium,and fine silt-sized particles decrease significantly,while organic matter,the C/N ratio,soil aggregate stability,water repellency and coarse sand-sized particles increase significantly.The soil profiles shared a set of properties in all horizons:loamy-skeletal particle-size,extreme acidity(pH-H_2O<5.6) and low base saturation(<50%).The most prevalent soil forming processes in the catena include topsoil organic matter accumulation and even podzolization,which increases with elevation.From the upper to lower landscape positions of wooded montane stage of the Moncayo Massif,mull-moder-mor humus and an UmbrisolCambisol-Podzol soil unit sequences were found.
