图式启动和社会比较对女性身体不满意的影响及其调节变量探讨

基于身体自我图式理论和社会比较理论,考察图式启动和社会比较对女性身体不满意的影响,并探讨特质变量对图式启动效应的调节作用.特质变量在实验操作前一星期测量,图式启动采用两种不同的图片情境想象任务,社会比较则呈现不同吸引力程度的女性身体图片,包括上行比较、下行比较和无比较.被试在实验开始前和结束后两个时间点进行身体不满意的测量,结果发现:社会比较的主效应显著,上行比较比下行比较和无比较产生了更多的身体不满意,下行比较比无比较产生了更少的身体不满意;图式的主效应不显著;图式与社会比较的交互作用不显著;预先存在的身体不满意是启动效应的一个显著的调节变量.

心理逆反及其临床意义

文章从心理咨询临床实践的视角,介绍了影响状态逆反产生的因素、心理逆反的表现与测量、特质逆反的人格描绘,以及心理咨询与临床心理学领域的相关研究成果。文章最后提出,深入的相关研究应注重心理逆反的测量与本土化研究等。

大学生人格特征与情绪应对策略的关系

目的探讨大学生的人格特征与情绪应对策略之间的关系。方法采用大学生情绪应对策略问卷、人格五因素问卷、控制源测量问卷、生活定向测验和应对效能量表,对612名在校大学生进行测量。结果 1相关分析表明,5个人格变量与积极情绪的调节和情绪加工都有显著的相关（r=0.145~0.446,P〈0.01）,神经质、外倾性与情绪表达存在显著相关（r=0.193,0.282;P〈0.01）,神经质、外控性、乐观倾向与消极情绪的调节存在显著相关（r=0.183~0.261,P〈0.01）;2多元逐步回归分析表明,神经质对情绪表达和消极情绪的调节具有显著预测作用（β=0.263、0.299,P〈0.001）,外倾性对4种情绪应对策略均有显著预测作用（β=0.094~0.444,P〈0.001）,控制源、乐观倾向对积极情绪的调节和消极情绪的调节都有显著预测作用（β=0.079~0.217,P〈0.001）,应对效能则可以显著地预测积极情绪的调节、情绪加工和情绪表达策略（β=-0.089~0.314,P〈0.001）。结论大学生的人格特征对情绪应对策略有不同程度和方向的影响。

企业产品设计战略的基本内容与方法工具

目的分析企业产品设计战略的基本内容与方法工具。方法以产品设计的核心内容为原点,从企业产品战略的角度对影响产品品牌特质的基本要素进行变量分类设定,研究设计战略内容可视化的基本方法和模型。在三大基本战略内容的界定上作出了以交叉坐标为结合形式的可视化基本分析模型。结论企业产品设计战略解决产品设计中的同类问题,主要表现为三大基本战略内容,即创新战略、差异化战略和延展战略。通过可视化模型的建立,可明晰设计定位、布点和持续发展的目标,可用以诊断和构建企业的产品设计战略体系,这也是设计战略管理科学化的初步探究。

Resistivity and thermal infrared precursors associated with cemented backfill mass

The stability of cemented backfill mass is important to keep miners and equipment safe in underground backfill miming.The stress-strain behavior, resistivity and thermal infrared(TIR) characteristics of backfill mass under uniaxial compression were investigated. The monitoring system consisted of a TIR observation system, a stress-strain monitoring system and a resistivity measurement system. Precursory information for impending failure of cemented backfill mass was collected, including TIR, strain and resistivity precursors. The sensitivity and difference of different monitoring information to the same failure event were compared.The results show that the time-space evolution process of the resistivity and TIR is basically the same as the whole process from compression deformation to failure of backfill mass, and the time variation of resistivity and TIR is obviously characterized by stage.The resistivity precursor turns out earlier than the TIR and the strain. The resistivity relation with loading compression is anti-symmetry, decreasing as the compression stress increases before the peak strength of backfill mass. However, when the backfill mass enters into the phase of failure, the resistivity starts to increase as the stress increases. The change of the resistivity growth direction can be regarded as the resistivity-caution-point for the failure of backfill mass under uniaxial compression. It is also indicated that the TIR information mainly represents the surface temperature evolution in the process of compression before the backfill enters into the plastic-yield state. It can be a valuable tool to obtain the precursors for failure of cemented backfill mass for backfill mines.

Data organization and management of mine typical object spectral libraries

With the development of mining industry,people have obtained profits from it,but they are facing environmental damages.In order to monitor these environmental changes,a spectral library is set up for the spectrum data organization and management of mine typical objects.Most of the spectrum data come from the long-term field measuring in mining area and other spectral libraries.For the data quality control and error detection in the measuring data,an inner precision calculation method is presented and a series of interactive graphical controls are developed for the spectrum visualization and analysis.Through extracting and saving spectrum characters for the mine typical objects,realizs spectrum matching and classification for new measured spectrum samples are realized by using Euclidean distance,Aitchison distance,Pearson correlation coefficient and vector angular cosine methods.Based on the matching result,this work is able to gather dynamically physicochemical environment parameters from the library and gives an early warning for the mine environmental changes.

The ecological consequences of temperament in spiders

Ecological and evolutionary studies on spiders have been featured prominently throughout the contemporary behavio- ral syndromes movement. Here we review the behavioral syndromes literature devoted to spiders, and identify some ways in which behavioral syndromes can impact the function of spiders in ecological communities. We further highlight three general themes within the behavioral syndromes literature for which spiders have served as front running model systems： （1） how trait correlations beget performance trade-offs, （2） the influence that behavioral trait variants have on interspecific interactions and （3） mechanisms that aid in maintaining behavioral variation within-and among-populations. Research on behavioral syndromes con-tinues to grow at an impressive rate, and we feel the success of behavioral syndromes studies in spiders bodes well for their con-tinued prominence.