[ Objective] The study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for rational utilization of Datong yak resource. [ Method] By qualitative and quantitative determination with gas chromatograph, the composition and content ...[ Objective] The study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for rational utilization of Datong yak resource. [ Method] By qualitative and quantitative determination with gas chromatograph, the composition and content of intermuscular fatty acid of Datong yak were compared with those of Datong yellow cattle. [ Result] Comparing with Datong yellow cattle, Datong yak had lower saturated fatty acid （SFA） content and higher polyunsaturated fatty acid （PUFA） content at extremely significant level （P 〈0.01 ）, while the difference of monounsaturated fatty acid （MUFA） contents between them was not significant （P〉0.05）. The PUFA/SFA and n-6/n-3 PUFA of Datong yak were in accordance with the recommended proportions. [ Conclusion] The intermuscular fatty acid composition of Datong yak is superior to that of local yellow cattle, which indicates that Datong yak meat has high nutritive value and wide development prospect.展开更多
[Objective] This study was to clone Lfcin gene from Datong yak, so as to provide reference for applying this gene in feed industry and breeding industry. [Method] Using PCR technology, the lactoferricin(Lfcin)-encodin...[Objective] This study was to clone Lfcin gene from Datong yak, so as to provide reference for applying this gene in feed industry and breeding industry. [Method] Using PCR technology, the lactoferricin(Lfcin)-encoding gene was obtained from genome of Datong yak; then it was cloned into pGEM-T easy vector, and then sequenced; the sequencing results were subsequently aligned with the sequences of dairy cow accessed in GenBank. Moreover, amino acid sequences of Lfcin gene from various species including yak, dairy cow, human and mouse were used for sequence alignment and phylogenesis analysis. [Result] The second exon of lactoferrin(LF) from Datong yak, which is 778 bp in length, was obtained, within which the coding region of Lfcin gene is 75 bp (25 amino acid residues); sequence analysis showed that there is discrepancy of eleven bases between Datong yak and dairy cow; Lfcin proteins from various species shared high homeology, of which that from Datong yak and dairy cow were completely identical; phylogenesis analysis showed that cladogram based on Lfcin was consistent with species evolutionary law. [Conclusion] This study laid a foundation for the prokaryotic or eukaryotic expression of Lfcin gene and further understanding the activity of Lfcin protein.展开更多
For studying the germplasm charactedsUcs and carcass traits of Changtai yak, 8 adult yaks （5 male, 3 female） were selected and tested. The results showed that the pre-slaughter weight of the adult male and female Ch...For studying the germplasm charactedsUcs and carcass traits of Changtai yak, 8 adult yaks （5 male, 3 female） were selected and tested. The results showed that the pre-slaughter weight of the adult male and female Changtai yak was 364.32 and 266.83 kg, respectively, which presented extremely significant difference （P〈0.01）. The carcass weight, net bone weight net meat weight, and the ratio of bone to meat also showed extremely significant difference （P〈O.01）, which were 186.60 and 125.67 kg, 39.74 and 25.00 kg, 147.84 and 100.83 kg, 1：3.73 and 1： 4.03, respectively. The dressing percentage had significant difference which was 51.15% and 49.34%, respectively （P〈0.05）. The neat meat percentage and carcass meat production rate showed no significant difference which were 40.54% and 37.66%, 79.29% and 80.24%, respectively （P〉0.05）. It indicated that Changtai yak has better growth performance and meat performance potential, and worth of further studying and breeding.展开更多
Yak ( Bos grunniens ) is classified as Bovine genus,they live in Qingzang Plateau with elevation more than 3500m and it's neighbor highland,where the weather is high chilly,short of oxygen and large difference o...Yak ( Bos grunniens ) is classified as Bovine genus,they live in Qingzang Plateau with elevation more than 3500m and it's neighbor highland,where the weather is high chilly,short of oxygen and large difference of temperature between day and night.But yak have adapted that circumstance after thousands of years' artificial and natural selection and has great anti adversity capacity.Yak is an important sustenance and means of production to Tibetan.China is a country with the largest number of yak,whose amount of livestock on hand accounts for 95% of the world and Tibet region takes the second place next to Qinghai in the number of yak.Tibetan yak has formed some groups for Tibetan's large area,complicated geological ecosystem conditions,geological isolation.The typical better groups are Yadong yak,Jiali yak and Sibu yak. Study about yak fell behind other animals due to the restriction of inconvenient transportation,difficult sampling and poor experimental technology.Study about the relationship between yak blood enzyme activities and milk production was little,only Jing (1992) studied correlation of milk production with serum amylase,esterase in Gansu Jiulong yak,Maiwa yak and no report was found in other groups.This study discussed six Jiali yak blood enzyme activities lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),alkaline phosphatases (AKP),acid phosphatase (ACP),catalase (CAT),amylase (Amy) and superoxide dismutase (SOD),and explored their relationship with milk production in Jiali yak,so as to supply with theoretical evidence by using blood enzyme activity as biochemical assisted selection marker in the breeding of Tibetan yak milk yield. This experiment investigated activity of six blood enzymes from 28 Tibetan yaks and explored its relationship to production performance.The results showed a extremely positive significant difference ( P <0.01) between activity of LDH and milk yield,CAT activity and length of belly hair respectively,while a positive significant difference ( P <0.05) was observed between AKP activity and body weight,Amy activity and body weight and a negative significant difference ( P <0.05) for SOD activity and body weight.Stepwise Regression Analysis showed that activity of LDH could be used for the prediction of milk yield,AKP,CAT,Amy for body weight,CAT,Amy for length of belly hair.So it is expected to use activity of LDH,AKP,CAT,Amy as biochemical genetic marker in the selection of milk yield,body weight and length of belly hair.展开更多
[Objective] This study was to explore the skin development law of Datong Yak.[Method]Taking Datong yaks at four various growth stages（1 day old,30 days old,180 days old and adult）as experimental materials,we studied...[Objective] This study was to explore the skin development law of Datong Yak.[Method]Taking Datong yaks at four various growth stages（1 day old,30 days old,180 days old and adult）as experimental materials,we studied histological structure of Datong yak skin by employing the histological methods.[Results]The skins of Datong yak at four various growth stages all showed the characteristics of thinner epidermis and thicker hypodermis,and of less capillary vessels in hypodermis and more pigment cells in epidermis.Datong yak at four various growth stages all showed a fluctuating trend in entire skin thickness,in detail thickening from 1 day old to 30 days old,then thinning to 180 days old,again thickening to adult.[Conclusion]The results provided theoretical basis for further understanding the structural characteristics of Datong yak to adapt to the abominable plateau environment.展开更多
This study was conducted to compare the hydrolase activities in the milk of Tianzhu white yak and Gannan yak in Gansu. The results showed that the ACP activity in Tianzhu yak milk was significantly higher than that in...This study was conducted to compare the hydrolase activities in the milk of Tianzhu white yak and Gannan yak in Gansu. The results showed that the ACP activity in Tianzhu yak milk was significantly higher than that in Gannan yak milk （P〈0.05）; the AKP activity in Tianzhu yak milk was higher than that in Gannan yak milk, but not significant; and the AMC activity in Tianzhu yak milk was significantly lower than that in Gannan yak milk （P〈0.05）. There were no remarkable changes in the activities of the 3 hydrolases with the change of parity, i.e., the effects of parity on enzyme activities in milk were not significant. The comparative study on hydrolase activities in the milk of Tianzhu while yak and Gannan yak helps to understand the characteristics of the milk of the 2 yak breeds, and further provides certain reference basis for the development of yak milk.展开更多
[Objective] The aim of this study was to optimize conditions of exogenous gene mediated by liposome to transfect yak mammary epithelial cells in Vitro.[Method] Yak mammary epithelial cells were isolated and cultivated...[Objective] The aim of this study was to optimize conditions of exogenous gene mediated by liposome to transfect yak mammary epithelial cells in Vitro.[Method] Yak mammary epithelial cells were isolated and cultivated in Vitro by the methods of collagenase digestion and tissue adhesion.The expression of cytokeratin in yak mammary epithelial cell was detected by immunocytochemistry technique.With green fluorescence protein as the report gene,yak mammary epithelial cells were transfected with exogenous gene m...展开更多
基金Supported by Key Project of Gansu Provincial Sci. &Tech. Depart-ment in 2008 (0801NKDA036)~~
文摘[ Objective] The study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for rational utilization of Datong yak resource. [ Method] By qualitative and quantitative determination with gas chromatograph, the composition and content of intermuscular fatty acid of Datong yak were compared with those of Datong yellow cattle. [ Result] Comparing with Datong yellow cattle, Datong yak had lower saturated fatty acid （SFA） content and higher polyunsaturated fatty acid （PUFA） content at extremely significant level （P 〈0.01 ）, while the difference of monounsaturated fatty acid （MUFA） contents between them was not significant （P〉0.05）. The PUFA/SFA and n-6/n-3 PUFA of Datong yak were in accordance with the recommended proportions. [ Conclusion] The intermuscular fatty acid composition of Datong yak is superior to that of local yellow cattle, which indicates that Datong yak meat has high nutritive value and wide development prospect.
基金Supported by Project of Basic Research Fund for National Non-profit Institute of China (BRF070105)~~
文摘[Objective] This study was to clone Lfcin gene from Datong yak, so as to provide reference for applying this gene in feed industry and breeding industry. [Method] Using PCR technology, the lactoferricin(Lfcin)-encoding gene was obtained from genome of Datong yak; then it was cloned into pGEM-T easy vector, and then sequenced; the sequencing results were subsequently aligned with the sequences of dairy cow accessed in GenBank. Moreover, amino acid sequences of Lfcin gene from various species including yak, dairy cow, human and mouse were used for sequence alignment and phylogenesis analysis. [Result] The second exon of lactoferrin(LF) from Datong yak, which is 778 bp in length, was obtained, within which the coding region of Lfcin gene is 75 bp (25 amino acid residues); sequence analysis showed that there is discrepancy of eleven bases between Datong yak and dairy cow; Lfcin proteins from various species shared high homeology, of which that from Datong yak and dairy cow were completely identical; phylogenesis analysis showed that cladogram based on Lfcin was consistent with species evolutionary law. [Conclusion] This study laid a foundation for the prokaryotic or eukaryotic expression of Lfcin gene and further understanding the activity of Lfcin protein.
基金Supported by Functional Gene Screen and Tissues' Differential Expression Analysis of Yak Muscle Development in Growth StagesNational Beef Cattle Industrial Technology System(CARS-38)+1 种基金Sichuan Province Yak Germplasm Resource Information Sharing Platform Construction Program(14010121)Ganzi Community Key Grass-Livestock Transformation Technology in Hongyuan County(201203008)~~
文摘For studying the germplasm charactedsUcs and carcass traits of Changtai yak, 8 adult yaks （5 male, 3 female） were selected and tested. The results showed that the pre-slaughter weight of the adult male and female Changtai yak was 364.32 and 266.83 kg, respectively, which presented extremely significant difference （P〈0.01）. The carcass weight, net bone weight net meat weight, and the ratio of bone to meat also showed extremely significant difference （P〈O.01）, which were 186.60 and 125.67 kg, 39.74 and 25.00 kg, 147.84 and 100.83 kg, 1：3.73 and 1： 4.03, respectively. The dressing percentage had significant difference which was 51.15% and 49.34%, respectively （P〈0.05）. The neat meat percentage and carcass meat production rate showed no significant difference which were 40.54% and 37.66%, 79.29% and 80.24%, respectively （P〉0.05）. It indicated that Changtai yak has better growth performance and meat performance potential, and worth of further studying and breeding.
文摘Yak ( Bos grunniens ) is classified as Bovine genus,they live in Qingzang Plateau with elevation more than 3500m and it's neighbor highland,where the weather is high chilly,short of oxygen and large difference of temperature between day and night.But yak have adapted that circumstance after thousands of years' artificial and natural selection and has great anti adversity capacity.Yak is an important sustenance and means of production to Tibetan.China is a country with the largest number of yak,whose amount of livestock on hand accounts for 95% of the world and Tibet region takes the second place next to Qinghai in the number of yak.Tibetan yak has formed some groups for Tibetan's large area,complicated geological ecosystem conditions,geological isolation.The typical better groups are Yadong yak,Jiali yak and Sibu yak. Study about yak fell behind other animals due to the restriction of inconvenient transportation,difficult sampling and poor experimental technology.Study about the relationship between yak blood enzyme activities and milk production was little,only Jing (1992) studied correlation of milk production with serum amylase,esterase in Gansu Jiulong yak,Maiwa yak and no report was found in other groups.This study discussed six Jiali yak blood enzyme activities lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),alkaline phosphatases (AKP),acid phosphatase (ACP),catalase (CAT),amylase (Amy) and superoxide dismutase (SOD),and explored their relationship with milk production in Jiali yak,so as to supply with theoretical evidence by using blood enzyme activity as biochemical assisted selection marker in the breeding of Tibetan yak milk yield. This experiment investigated activity of six blood enzymes from 28 Tibetan yaks and explored its relationship to production performance.The results showed a extremely positive significant difference ( P <0.01) between activity of LDH and milk yield,CAT activity and length of belly hair respectively,while a positive significant difference ( P <0.05) was observed between AKP activity and body weight,Amy activity and body weight and a negative significant difference ( P <0.05) for SOD activity and body weight.Stepwise Regression Analysis showed that activity of LDH could be used for the prediction of milk yield,AKP,CAT,Amy for body weight,CAT,Amy for length of belly hair.So it is expected to use activity of LDH,AKP,CAT,Amy as biochemical genetic marker in the selection of milk yield,body weight and length of belly hair.
基金Supported by Science Foundation for the Excellent Youth Scholars of Ministry of Education of China~~
文摘[Objective] This study was to explore the skin development law of Datong Yak.[Method]Taking Datong yaks at four various growth stages（1 day old,30 days old,180 days old and adult）as experimental materials,we studied histological structure of Datong yak skin by employing the histological methods.[Results]The skins of Datong yak at four various growth stages all showed the characteristics of thinner epidermis and thicker hypodermis,and of less capillary vessels in hypodermis and more pigment cells in epidermis.Datong yak at four various growth stages all showed a fluctuating trend in entire skin thickness,in detail thickening from 1 day old to 30 days old,then thinning to 180 days old,again thickening to adult.[Conclusion]The results provided theoretical basis for further understanding the structural characteristics of Datong yak to adapt to the abominable plateau environment.
基金Supported by Agricultural Product Quality Safety Risk Assessment Project of China(GJFP201700701)~~
文摘This study was conducted to compare the hydrolase activities in the milk of Tianzhu white yak and Gannan yak in Gansu. The results showed that the ACP activity in Tianzhu yak milk was significantly higher than that in Gannan yak milk （P〈0.05）; the AKP activity in Tianzhu yak milk was higher than that in Gannan yak milk, but not significant; and the AMC activity in Tianzhu yak milk was significantly lower than that in Gannan yak milk （P〈0.05）. There were no remarkable changes in the activities of the 3 hydrolases with the change of parity, i.e., the effects of parity on enzyme activities in milk were not significant. The comparative study on hydrolase activities in the milk of Tianzhu while yak and Gannan yak helps to understand the characteristics of the milk of the 2 yak breeds, and further provides certain reference basis for the development of yak milk.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation(30771550)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim of this study was to optimize conditions of exogenous gene mediated by liposome to transfect yak mammary epithelial cells in Vitro.[Method] Yak mammary epithelial cells were isolated and cultivated in Vitro by the methods of collagenase digestion and tissue adhesion.The expression of cytokeratin in yak mammary epithelial cell was detected by immunocytochemistry technique.With green fluorescence protein as the report gene,yak mammary epithelial cells were transfected with exogenous gene m...
