情状副词“猛地里”的语义、句法及词汇化

三音节词“猛地里”具有急促迅猛性、非可预见性、顿悟性、转折/对比以及偶发性等语义特征,常与指示代词、一NP或一VP等共现;“猛地里”是由“猛地”+副词词缀“里”,经词汇化形成。“猛地里”与其近义词(“猛地、蓦地里、忽地里”)在语义特征及句法功能上大致相同,但在语气的强弱和语用等方面依然存在着一些细小的差别。

TWO NEW SPECIES OF THE GENERA Mystrium AND Cryptopone FROM YUNNAN,CHINA (Hymenoptera:Formicidae)*

Two new ant species from the tropical rain forest of Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve in Yunnan Province,Mystrium oculatum sp. nov. and Cryptopone recticlypea sp. nov.,were described. The genus,Mystrium Roger,was first recorded in China.

Description of Myopopone castanea(Smith)(Hymenoptera:Formicidae) from Himalaya Region

The ant genus Myopopone Roger is distributed in Oriental and Indo-Australian regions.Only one valid species,M.castanea（Smith）,is recognized in the genus up to date.M.castanea（Smith） is recorded in Tibet,China,for the first time.Complete information,including characters of the genus,detailed measurements,descriptions,and illustrations of worker and queen castes of M.castanea,is provided.

“冷不防”的词性及相关问题探讨

在《现代汉语词典》(第7版)中,“冷不防”“猛不防”“冷不丁(儿)”和“猛不丁”均为副词。首先,对四者的演变脉络与关系进行探讨,通过对北京大学CCL语料库的检索,可以发现,“猛不防”是最先产生的,“冷不防”由其类推而来,并衍生出“冷不丁(儿)”,在这一过程中又促使“猛不防”演化出“猛不丁”。其次,对四个词语的句法位置与语法功能展开论述;再次,对四者的词性进行探讨,“冷不防”为状态形容词,“猛不防”已经完全词汇化为副词;而“冷不丁(儿)”和“猛不丁”自产生起均为副词,它们的具体小类则存在差异。