膜组合工艺处理猪废水小试研究

文章采用超滤-电渗析-反渗透膜组合工艺综合处理经固液分离后的猪废水。试验分别探究了3个工艺模块对猪废水中悬浮物、COD、氨氮和总磷的去除效果。研究结果表明,在满足净化水排放要求的情况下,超滤给水压力为0.25 MPa、电渗析的电压为3 V、反渗透给水压力为0.55 MPa时,处理废水效率最佳。经过最佳膜组合运行条件处理后,猪废水里的悬浮物为15 mg/L,去除率约为97.6%;COD为90 mg/L,去除率约为98.5%;氨氮为14.17 mg/L,去除率约为94.6%、总磷为1.27 mg/L,去除率约为94.3%。

脱水猪粪衍生生物炭在猪废水厌氧消化处理中的高效潜能

本文探索了脱水猪粪衍生生物炭(DSMB)作为添加剂用于养猪废水厌氧消化资源回收和处理效率提高的可能性。在20 g/L的DSMB的添加条件下,猪废水的产甲烷滞后期缩短了2~3 d,最大产甲烷能力提高了18.29%~23.58%。添加DSMB可显著加快猪废水中可溶性COD和VFA的降解速率,其中温度300℃下制备的DSMB在厌氧消化系统中的性能优于在500℃和700℃下制备的DSMB。微生物群落解析结果表明,300℃温度下制备的DSMB中Thermotogae的相对丰度是对照组的3倍多,加速了水解和酸化阶段的发生。IN T-ETS活性和EEC结果分析表明,300℃下制备的DSMB作为氧化还原活性介质,通过潜在的直接种间电子传递(DIET)途径加速甲烷的生成。

固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定猪栏废水中10种抗生素

应用固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定养猪废水中10种抗生素的含量。水样由盐酸调节pH至2.5~4.0,流经Oasis HLB固相萃取柱富集后再用甲醇洗脱。以Aglient eclipse XDB C18色谱柱为分离柱,以不同体积比的0.1%(体积分数)甲酸溶液和乙腈混合液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾正离子源多反应监测模式检测。10种抗生素在一定的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系。方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.03~3.5μg·L-1之间。加标回收率在53.2%~104%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.5%~6.3%之间。

UMIC厌氧处理结合工艺在养殖废水处理中的应用——以贵港扬翔大岭种猪场为例

针对猪养殖场废水的环境污染问题，以高效、节能与多层次综合为设计目标，本工程运用UMIC上升式多级内循环厌氧反应器为核心处理部件及厌氧氨化脱氮处理方法，对猪场粪污水采用“预处理-UMIC厌氧反应器-厌氧处理”的工艺路线。结果表明，经处理后粪污水中的化学需氧量、生化需氧量、固体悬浮物浓度、氨氮总量、总磷的含量分别为110、18、60、15、0．8mg／L，pH为7～7．5，水质优于《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》（GB18596—2001）；同时产生副产品得到利用，取得了较好的综合效益，对生猪养殖的废水处理产业具有一定的指导和借鉴意义。

Study on Piggery Anaerobic Fermentation Slurry Treated by Anoxic/Oxic Process

[Objective] The aim of this study was to provide a fast, stable and efficient piggery wastewater processing technology. [Method] The start-up process was studied through the experiment of piggery anaerobic fermentation slurry treated by Anoxic/Oxic （A/O） reactor. The process was divided into two stages： at the first stage, dominant micro flora were cultivated in Anoxic and Oxic reaction tanks respectively; at the second stage. Anoxic and Oxic reaction tanks were initiated jointly to gradually enhance water load and continued to cultivate and domesticate microorganisms, and finally the start-up process was completed. [ Result] The results showed that return mixture ratio and return sludge ratio was 2 and 1 respectively when the temperature reached 32 ±2 ℃. However. when aeration rate of Oxic reaction amounted to 0.5 m^3/h, the re- moval rate of COD and NH4^＋ -H were 89.87% and 89.31% respectively through practical operation within 50 days, which indicated that the start- up process through A/O reactor was successful. Conclusion This study can provide a scientific basis and reference for innocuous technique of piggery anaerobic fermentation slurry treatment.

Swine Wastewater Treatment with Struvite Precipitation Technology

[Objective] This study aimed to determine the optimal technical parameters for the swine wastewater treatment by struvite precipitation. [Method] Central composite design （CCD） and response surface method （RSM） were employed to study the effects of struvite precipitation on removing the ammonia nitrogen in the swine wastewater. Quadratic model was developed to describe the mathematical relationships between the investigated factors of pH value, reaction time, magnesium to nitrogen molar ratio （Mg/P）, nitrogen to phosphorus molar ratio （N/P）, the investigated indicators of NH 4 -N removal efficiency and residual PO 4 3 -P concentration. Contour overlay plot was proposed to predict the optimal experimental conditions with the NNH 4 -N removal efficiency of 75% and residual PO 4 3-P concentration of 3.0 mg/L as the desired values. [Result] At pH of 10.0, mixing time of 30 min, Mg/N of 1.11, N/P of 1.14, the NH 4 -N removal efficiency （Y 1 ） was the maximum of 79.0% , and the residual PO 4 3-P concentration （Y 2 ） at this time was 0.35 mg/L. The verification test of the optimal conditions proved that the verification data and model predictions agreed well. [Conclusion] The optimized parameters for the chemical struvite precipitation used to treat swine wastewater with central composite experimental design and response surface method are scientific, rational and efficient.

Simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from swine wastewater in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor

In this study, the performance of a sequencing batch biofilm reactor(SBBR) for removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from swine wastewater was evaluated. The replacement rate of wastewater was set at 12.5% throughout the experiment. The anaerobic and aerobic times were 3 h and 7 h, respectively, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the aerobic phase was about 3.95 mg·L-1. The SBBR process demonstrated good performance in treating swine wastewater. The percentage removal of total chemical oxygen demand(COD), ammonia nitrogen(NH4+-N), total nitrogen(TN), and total phosphorus(TP) was 98.2%, 95.7%, 95.6%, and 96.2% at effluent concentrations of COD85.6 mg·L-1, NH4+-N 35.22 mg·L-1, TN 44.64 mg·L-1, and TP 1.13 mg·L-1, respectively. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification phenomenon was observed. Further improvement in removal efficiency of NH4+-N and TN occurred at COD/TN ratio of 11:1, with effluent concentrations at NH4+-N 18.5 mg·L-1and TN 34 mg·L-1, while no such improvement in COD and TP removal was found. Microbial electron microscopy analysis showed that the filler surface was covered with a thick biofilm, forming an anaerobic–aerobic microenvironment and facilitating the removal of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matters. A long-term experiment(15 weeks) showed that stable removal efficiency for N and P could be achieved in the SBBR system.