猪繁殖-呼吸综合征活疫苗对仔猪的安全性试验

本试验用猪繁殖-呼吸综合征(PRRS)活疫苗和国内分离的PRRS强毒CH-1a株接种PRRS阴性的断奶仔猪,分别在接种后的3、7、14d各剖杀1头,取各脏器分别做冰冻切片和病理切片观察。用间接免疫荧光法检测各脏器PRRS病毒的分布。结果表明,PRRS活疫苗在免疫初期,抗原主要分布在脾脏、淋巴结,其次是肾脏和肺脏,少见于肝脏和心脏,第14d时在脾、淋巴结和肾脏有一定量的抗原,而肺脏相比则数量很少,肝脏和心脏未检到PRRS病毒抗原的存在,表明接种PRRS活疫苗随着时间的推移抗原分布呈下降趋势。而强毒抗原分布以脾脏最多,依次是肾脏、肺脏、淋巴结、肝脏、心脏,接种后第14d仍能在各脏器检到PRRS病毒抗原。病理组织学检测结果表明,活疫苗产生以下颌淋巴结、脾脏增生为特征的免疫应答,组织损伤轻微,对肺的病变较少,且仔猪生长良好。强毒则引起以大面积的肺泡隔增宽为特点的间质性肺炎和微循环障碍的病理变化,淋巴小结、脾脏滤泡发生崩解与周围界限不清,个别淋巴细胞核浓缩,组织损伤严重。本试验表明弱毒疫苗对仔猪是安全的。

猪繁殖-呼吸综合征病毒上海株的分离鉴定

从上海地区 5个发病猪场的病料中 ,分离到 3株致Marc_145细胞病变的病毒 :SH1、SH2 和SH3,理化特性研究表明 ,3株分离毒均对氯仿、乙醚、甲醛、热 (5 6℃ )、酸 (pH6以下 )、碱 (pH8以上 )敏感。负染可见病毒以大小不等的具囊膜的球形粒子为主 ,囊膜上有纤突 ,直径为 6 0～ 10 0nm ;超薄切片可见病毒粒子分散在细胞浆内 ,直径为 45～ 80nm。间接免疫荧光试验表明 ,3株分离毒均与PRRSV高免血清呈强阳性反应 ,而与HCV、PPV、PRV、TGEV高免血清的反应均呈阴性。综上可见 。

猪繁殖-呼吸综合征病毒上海分离株的病毒特性研究

对猪繁殖 呼吸综合征病毒 (PRRSV)上海分离株 (SH1)的理化特性和结构蛋白进行研究。结果表明 ,SH1分离株能致Marc 145细胞典型病变 ,TCID50 为 10 5 9mL-1,对氯仿和乙醚、酸 (pH5 5以下 )、碱 (pH8以上 )、热 (水浴 5 6℃ 10min以上、 37℃ 2 4h以上、 2 8℃ 48h以上 )均敏感。病毒负染可见以具囊膜的球形为主 ,囊膜上有纤突 ,大小为 60～85nm。超薄切片可见病毒存在于细胞浆中。SH1分离株的病毒培养液经差速离心和非线性蔗糖密度梯度纯化 ,SDS PAGE显示病毒结构蛋白的相对分子质量为 2 40 0 0 ,195 0 0 ,16 0 0 0。免疫转印可见

猪繁殖-呼吸综合征与弓形体病混合感染的诊治

进入10月下旬以来，山西省阳城县驾岭乡的部分散养猪户发生以母猪体温升高达41℃以上、顽固性不食、呼吸困难．臀部、腹下、背部等出现蓝紫色斑块、昏睡．个别母猪精神状况极差，体温在后期下降，不食．呕吐．偶有饮欲，架子猪体温升高．厌食，精神沉郁，被毛粗乱，有个别猪眼睑肿胀．便秘，拉稀交替发生等特征的疾病．经综合诊断．确诊为猪繁殖——呼吸综合征与弓形体病混合感染。

俄研制成抗猪繁殖-呼吸综合征疫苗

全俄畜牧兽医业科学研究所的科研人员通过MARC-145细胞培养基培养的猪繁殖-呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）其效价不得低于107.0TCDV50/ml;通过母牛胎儿肾细胞培养基培养的猪细小病毒（PPV）,其效价不得低于107.5TCD50/ml和血球凝集活性不得低于1:4096（血球凝集反应）。

猪瘟与仔猪繁殖—呼吸综合征混合感染

1 临床症状 病猪体温升高至40～41℃，食欲减退或废绝。易感性较差，表现轻度的类似流感症状，呼吸加快、困难，喷嚏，呈腹式呼吸，离群或积堆，精神沉郁，背毛蓬乱，运动共济失调。眼结膜发炎，有多量脓性分泌物，严重时眼睑封闭并水肿。耳尖、耳根发绀呈蓝紫色。外阴、尾根、四肢见有血斑。前期便秘，后期腹泻并出现神经症状，身体衰竭，消瘦，脱水而死亡。发病急，病程短，死亡快。

猪患繁殖一呼吸综合征的鉴别诊断及防治措施

猪繁殖-呼吸综合征也叫蓝耳病，或称神秘病，是由繁殖-呼吸综合征病毒引起猪的一种急性、高度接触性传染病。本病的特征为：呼吸困难，耳尖、耳根发绀呈蓝紫色，体温升高，腹泻、消瘦。妊娠母猪流产、死胎、木乃伊。

Construction and Immunogenicity of Associated DNA Vaccine of PRRS and PCV-2 Disease

[ Objective ] The aim of the study was to construct associated DNA vaccine of PRRS （Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome） and PCV-2 （Porcine circovirus type 2） disease and study its immunogenicity. [ Method] In_ this study, the ORF5 gene of PRRSV isolated in Liaoning was cloned into plRES-neo expression vector, and the neo gene of plRES-neo expression vector was substituted by the ORF2 gene of the PCV-2 Mongolia strain to construct the recombinant expression vector. The expression in BHK cells was detected through Western blot and IFA. Then the ELISA antibody level and the number of spleen T lymphocytes were detected after Balb/c mice were immunized with this DNA vaccine. E Result] The recombinant plasmid plRES-ORF2-ORF5 was constructed successfully and could express the target proteins in BHK cells, as indicated by Western blot and IFA. There was no significant difference in ELISA antibody between plRES-ORF2-ORF5 immunized group and inactived vaccine immunized groups, while the number of spleen T lymphocytes induced by DNA vaccine was higher than that induced by inactived vaccine. [ Conclusion] The recombinant plasmid plRES-ORF2-ORF5 should induce good humoral immune response and cellular immune response in mice, providing the conditions for better prevention and control of PRRS and PCV-2 disease.

Genetic Variation of the ORF5 Gene of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in East China during 2008-2010

[Objective] A total of 260 swine samples of dead or sick pigs collected from 7 provinces （municipalities） Jiangsu, Anhui, Shanghai, Shandong, Zhejiang, Fujian and Jiangxi of China during 2008-2010 were detected for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus （PRRSV）. And the ORF5 genes of some isolates were amplified and sequenced for understanding the molecule epidemiology and the genetic evolution of PRRSV in East China. [Method] Using RT-PCR method, PRRSV was detected by RT-PCR from samples. The complete ORF5 genes of 36 PRRSV positive samples was amplified, sequenced and analyzed with other 15 strains available on GenBank. [Result] PRRSV was detected in 118/260 of the clinical samples, with a positive rate was 45.4%. Sequence analysis showed that the 36 isolates of this study belonged to the North American-type PRRSV strains and were closely related to the highly pathogenic PRRSV （HP-PRRSV） with 94.6%-100% amino acid sequence identities. The sequence analysis combined with the phylogenetic analysis indicated that all these North American-type PRRSV strains in East China were further divided into five subgenotypes, subgenotype Ⅲ showed closer identity with HPPRRSV; almost all subgenotypes were found to be variable in the primary neutralizing epitope; subgenotypes Ⅲ and IV had more glycosylation sites than others. Although these 36 isolates were collected from different provinces in East China, there were no obvious relations between the distribution of PRRSV and the region. [Conclusion] The PRRSV infection was widespread and HP-PRRSV was the popular strain in East China during 2008-2010. However some different genetic characteristics appeared in the genomes, the genetic evolution was relatively stable. There exists a cross-cutting phenomenon on the genetic relationship of PRRSV isolates obtained from different provinces. Subgenotypes IV and V only appeared in some provinces, but the distribution of PRRSV did not show apparent geographical characteristics.

Development of an Improved DNA-launched Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Reverse Genetics System

[Objective] This study was to improve the virus replication efficiency of full length infectious cDNA clones by making use of the ribozyme＇s self incision property.[Method] By employing three-step PCR,HDV ribozyme（HdvRz）cDNA was isolated,and cloned into the downstream flanking the genome of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,and into which the bovine growth hormone polyadenylation sequence（BGH）was inserted via enzyme digestion and ligation,yielding pAPRRS-HB.The newly constructed pAPRRS-HB was used to transfect MARC-145 cells,in which the N protein and non-structural protein（nsp2）were determined by indirect immunofluorescence assay after 72 h of expression;meanwhile the virus titer of cell supernatant was tested using TCID50 assay.[Result] pAPRRS-HB containing complete infectious PRRSV cDNA has been successfully developed,and it performed about 10-fold higher virus rescue rate than pAPRRS without the engineered ribozyme element.[Conclusion] The results laid a foundation for revealing the structure and function of PRRSV gene.

规模猪场常见病及综合防治措施

1规模猪场常见病 1.1猪免疫抑制性疫病 近几年来，石屏县相继发现猪繁殖-呼吸综合征、猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型感染、猪传染性胸膜肺炎、猪链球菌病、猪支原体肺炎、氨气中毒、霉菌毒素中毒等可导致机体免疫抑制的疾病，据红河州疫控中心监测情况表明，前2种病原感染率均达20%以上。

Association of swine influenza H1N1 pandemic virus(SIV-H1N1p) with porcine respiratory disease complex in sows from commercial pig farms in Colombia

Porcine respiratory disease complex （PRDC） is a serious health problem that mainly affects growing and finishing pigs. PRDC is caused by a combination of viral and bacterial agents, such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus （PRRSV）, swine influenza virus （SIV）, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae （Myh）, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae （APP）, Pasteurella multocida and Porcine circovirus 2 （PCV2）. To characterize the specific role of swine influenza virus in PRDC presentation in Colombia, 11 farms from three major production regions in Colombia were examined in this study. Nasal swabs, bronchial lavage and lung tissue samples were obtained from animals displaying symptoms compatible with SIV. Isolation of SIV was performed in 9-day embryonated chicken eggs or Madin-Darby Canine Kidney （MDCK） cells. Positive isolates, identified via the hemagglutination inhibition test, were further analyzed using PCR. Overall, 7 of the 11 farms were positive for SIV. Notably, sequencing of the gene encoding the hemagglutinin （HA） protein led to grouping of strains into circulating viruses identified during the human outbreak of 2009, classified as pandemic H1N1-2009. Serum samples from 198 gilts and multiparous sows between 2008 and 2009 were obtained to determine antibody presence of APP, Myh, PCV2 and PRRSV in both SIV-H1Nlp-negative and -positive farms, but higher levels were recorded for SIV- HI Nlp-positive farms. Odds ratio （OR） and P values revealed statistically significant differences （p〈0.05） in PRDC presentation in gilts and multiparous sows of farms positive for SIV-HINlp. Our findings indicate that positive farms have increased risk of PRDC presentation, in particular, PCV2, APP and Myh.

Expression of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus ORF7 Gene and Purification and Immunological Activity Analysis of the Recombinant Protein

[Objective] The aim of this study was to realize efficient expression of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus （PRRSV） ORF7 gene in genetic engineering bacteria and analYze the immunological activity of the recombinant protein after purification. [ Method] The constructed recombinant expression vector pET-ORF7 was transformed into Escherichia co1BL21 （DE3） and induced by IPTG under the optimal condition. After analysis of SDS-PAGE and Western Blot, the expression products were purified by Ni-NTA His · Bind Resin chrom- atographic column under denaturing condition and renatured by gradient dialysis. Subsequently, the immunological activity of the renatured recombinant protein was detected by Westem Blot and indirect ELISA. [ Result] The recombinant plasmid pET-ORF7 expressed in E. coli successfully, and the fusion protein was in the form of inclusion body. By SDS-PAGE detection, the molecular weight of the expression protein was approximate 33 kD, according with the expectation. Analysis by Bandscan software showed that the expressed fusion protein was about 50% of total bacterial protein of BL21 （DE3）. Wastem Blot and indirect ELISA detection showed that the renatured protein could react with PRRSV positive serum specifically, indicating its good immunological activity. [ Conclusion] This study lays a foundation for the preparation of PRRSV monoclonal antibody and diagnostic kit.

Location of Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus in Tissues of Natural Cases

[ Objective] The aim of this study was to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome （HP-PRRS）. [Method] Antigen location and histopathological observation in natural cases infected by highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus （HP-PRRSV） were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and H. E. staining. [Result] The virus antigen mainly existed in epithelial calls, and also a few in mecrophages, lymphocytes and brain nerve cells. [ Conclusion] The cell and tissue tropism of HP-PRRSV strain in natural cases is different from that of previous strains.

Analysis on Heredity and Variation of the ORF_5 Gene of Prevalence Strains Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus

[ Objective] The aim was to analyze the reason and epidemic trend of PRRSV, and provide theoretical basis for preventing and controlling PRRS. [Methed]According to the sequence of ATCC VR-2332 strain porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus published by the GenBank, the primers were designed and synthesized. ORF5 gene sequences of seven prevalence strains were amplified by RT-PCR. The sequences of ORF5 genes were analyzed by DNAStar and compared with those of ATCC VR-2332, CH-1 a, B J-4, LV-M96262 and MLV vaccine strains, phylogenetic tree among isolates was analyzed. [Result] Analysis of nucleotide sequence showed that the homology was 88.1% - 98.8%, 89.9% -95.2%, 85.6% -98.7% between ORF5 genes of seven prevalence strains and VR-2332, CH-1a, BJ-4, and the homology was 54.7% -56.9% between ORF5 genes and LV. Analysis of amino acid sequence showed that the homology was 88.1% -96.8%, 88.1% - 94.5%, 86.1% -96.5% between ORF5 genes of seven prevalence strains and VR-2332, CH-1a, bBJ-4, the homology was 54.7% -56.2% between the ORF5 genes and LV.[ Conclusion] The variation of prevalence strains was great in the ORF5 gene region, the homology of ORF5 gene sequence was higher and genetic relationship was nearer during prevalence strains in the same region, or was far in different regions.