通过田间试验研究了3种施氮水平(RN1:210 kg N·hm^(-2);RN_2:270 kg N·hm^(-2);CN:330 kg N·hm^(-2))与4个施肥距离(与窄行玉米距离,D1:0 cm、D2:15 cm、D3:30 cm、D4:45 cm)对玉米/大豆套作系统增产节肥的影响.结果表明...通过田间试验研究了3种施氮水平(RN1:210 kg N·hm^(-2);RN_2:270 kg N·hm^(-2);CN:330 kg N·hm^(-2))与4个施肥距离(与窄行玉米距离,D1:0 cm、D2:15 cm、D3:30 cm、D4:45 cm)对玉米/大豆套作系统增产节肥的影响.结果表明:与CN相比,RN_2下玉米花后的干物质积累量、转移量及对籽粒的贡献率提高1.4%、23.0%、16.0%,玉米穗粒数与单株产量增加1.6%和4.9%;大豆花前的物质积累量、转移量及对籽粒贡献率提高2.1%、37.9%、26.9%,单株粒数与籽粒产量均增加7.3%;RN_2下玉米/大豆套作系统的作物氮素吸收量与氮肥利用率比CN提高5.0%、44.4%,玉米的土壤总氮含量提高4.1%,大豆的则降低0.8%.各施肥距离间,以D2处理效果较好;RN_2下,D2的玉米花后(大豆花前)干物质积累对籽粒贡献率、玉米穗粒数(大豆单株粒数)分别比D1提高57.2%、9.4%,大豆的则比D4提高335.2%、2.4%;D2的玉米/大豆套作系统氮素吸收量及氮肥利用率分别比D1提高15.1%和112.4%,比D4提高21.4%和66.3%;玉米土壤总氮含量D2比D1提高6.6%,大豆土壤总氮含量D2比D4提高16.0%.合理的减量施氮和施肥距离有利于玉米/大豆套作系统下作物干物质向籽粒转运,提高作物的单株粒数、百粒重和产量,促进作物氮素吸收与氮肥高效利用,达到节肥增产的目的.展开更多
The effects of different maize sowing dates and densities on stem and leaf morphological characters and yield of soybean in wheat/maize/soybean relaycropping system were studied. The results showed that with early sow...The effects of different maize sowing dates and densities on stem and leaf morphological characters and yield of soybean in wheat/maize/soybean relaycropping system were studied. The results showed that with early sowing of maize, the maize yield was promoted, and maize was harvested in advance, which reduced the intergrowth period with soybean and guaranteed soybean＇s proper plant height, larger stem diameter and optimal values of LAI and SLW, so that soybean yield was also increased. The effects of different maize densities on the stem and leaf of soybean mainly were significant before the maize harvest, but soybean yield under high maize density was significantly lower than that under middle and low maize density, and the highest maize yield was under middle density. Based on soybean and maize comprehensive values, the optimum combination of this experiment was sowed on March 21 and planting density was 5.25×10^4 plant/hm^2.展开更多
文摘通过田间试验研究了3种施氮水平(RN1:210 kg N·hm^(-2);RN_2:270 kg N·hm^(-2);CN:330 kg N·hm^(-2))与4个施肥距离(与窄行玉米距离,D1:0 cm、D2:15 cm、D3:30 cm、D4:45 cm)对玉米/大豆套作系统增产节肥的影响.结果表明:与CN相比,RN_2下玉米花后的干物质积累量、转移量及对籽粒的贡献率提高1.4%、23.0%、16.0%,玉米穗粒数与单株产量增加1.6%和4.9%;大豆花前的物质积累量、转移量及对籽粒贡献率提高2.1%、37.9%、26.9%,单株粒数与籽粒产量均增加7.3%;RN_2下玉米/大豆套作系统的作物氮素吸收量与氮肥利用率比CN提高5.0%、44.4%,玉米的土壤总氮含量提高4.1%,大豆的则降低0.8%.各施肥距离间,以D2处理效果较好;RN_2下,D2的玉米花后(大豆花前)干物质积累对籽粒贡献率、玉米穗粒数(大豆单株粒数)分别比D1提高57.2%、9.4%,大豆的则比D4提高335.2%、2.4%;D2的玉米/大豆套作系统氮素吸收量及氮肥利用率分别比D1提高15.1%和112.4%,比D4提高21.4%和66.3%;玉米土壤总氮含量D2比D1提高6.6%,大豆土壤总氮含量D2比D4提高16.0%.合理的减量施氮和施肥距离有利于玉米/大豆套作系统下作物干物质向籽粒转运,提高作物的单株粒数、百粒重和产量,促进作物氮素吸收与氮肥高效利用,达到节肥增产的目的.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(nyhyzx07004-10)Major Science&Technology Program of Sichuan Province(01NG016-01)~~
文摘The effects of different maize sowing dates and densities on stem and leaf morphological characters and yield of soybean in wheat/maize/soybean relaycropping system were studied. The results showed that with early sowing of maize, the maize yield was promoted, and maize was harvested in advance, which reduced the intergrowth period with soybean and guaranteed soybean＇s proper plant height, larger stem diameter and optimal values of LAI and SLW, so that soybean yield was also increased. The effects of different maize densities on the stem and leaf of soybean mainly were significant before the maize harvest, but soybean yield under high maize density was significantly lower than that under middle and low maize density, and the highest maize yield was under middle density. Based on soybean and maize comprehensive values, the optimum combination of this experiment was sowed on March 21 and planting density was 5.25×10^4 plant/hm^2.
