[Objective] In this study, the aim was to explore the annual dosage and allocation proportion of nitrogenous fertilizer for Zhoumai 22 in the condition of wheat-maize integration. [Method] The rules of growth and yiel...[Objective] In this study, the aim was to explore the annual dosage and allocation proportion of nitrogenous fertilizer for Zhoumai 22 in the condition of wheat-maize integration. [Method] The rules of growth and yield variation of Zhoumai 22 under different dosages of nitrogenous fertilizer and different distribution ratios were studied. [Result] With the increase of nitrogenous fertilizer application and distribution rate from maize to wheat, the physiological indexes of Zhoumai 22 population showed an increasing trend, while the yield presented the variation trend of increasing firstly and decreasing then. [Conclusion] Annual amount of nitrogenous fertilizer of 600 kg/hm2 and the distribution ratio of 5：5 in the condition of wheat- maize integration was beneficial to the high yield of the whole year＇s crops and Zhoumai 22.展开更多
To study the mechanism by which the thickness of covering soil effects crop growth in an ecological restoration project of bare rock and gravel land,the physiological characteristics of summer maize were observed duri...To study the mechanism by which the thickness of covering soil effects crop growth in an ecological restoration project of bare rock and gravel land,the physiological characteristics of summer maize were observed during 2010^（–2）015. This experiment was set up on exposed rock land,which had been covered by soil with six different thicknesses： 30（C30）,40（C40）,50（C50）,60（C60）,80（C80） and 100 cm（C100）. During the experiment,soil physical properties and the physiological traits and yields of crops were recorded. The results indicated several effects. 1） With the same thickness level,soil bulk density of the covering soil increased in successive planting years. There was a logarithmic relationship between soil bulk density and covering thickness. There was also a strong algorithmic relationship between covering thickness and sedimentation coefficient（R^2=0.91）. 2） The thickness of covering soil had a significant influence on both the height of summer maize,and soil and plant analyzer development（SPAD） values. In each treatment,the growth rates of the crops during the jointing and booting stages were higher than that in the booting to grain filling stage. After two years of land-use,the mean height of the crop in the C50 treatment was 8.16%,3.32%,3.31%,9.86% and 7.55% higher than that for the C30,C40,C60,C80 and C100 treatments,respectively. The differences between treatments were significant（p 0.05）. SPAD values were highest at the heading stage. The highest value for the C50 treatment was 298.41 after two years of land-use. 3） Soil thickness significantly affected yields and the water use efficiency（WUE） of summer maize. The highest average crop yield and WUE value during the experimental period for the C50 treatment were 4614.12 kg hm^（–2） and 13.57 kg hm^（–2） mm,respectively. For the C50 treatment the multi-year average water use efficiency was significantly higher than that of the other treatments in 2010-2015. In conclusion,a soil thickness of 50 cm covering the bare exposed rock was adequate as a tillage layer for the crop,and all crop growth indexes in this treatment were better than for other soil thicknesses. The results provide a scientific basis for the land remediation and ecological restoration of bare rock and gravel land. At the same time,for Africa,where one-third of the land is desert,arable land resources are relatively scarce and agricultural ecology is fragile,can serve as a significant reference to improve the ecological environment,develop arable land resources and increase agricultural income.展开更多
文摘为了研究自然煤矸石充填复垦地和不同覆土厚度条件下不同颗粒级配煤矸石充填复垦地重构土壤理化性质及在其之上生长的玉米（Zea mays L.）的生理生态特性,以淮南创大“煤矸石充填复垦示范基地”为研究区域,通过分区分层采集实验区范围内土壤样品,检测并分析其主要营养元素及重金属含量,监测实验区内玉米各生理生态指标变化情况及其植株各部分的重金属含量,探究以不同颗粒级配煤矸石作为填充基质对其充填区域农作物的影响.实验结果表明：经过分选后的煤矸石作为填充基质比自然状态下的煤矸石填充基质具有较好的保水保肥性和透气性,尤其以70%-100%粒径为〈80 cm 的煤矸石作为填充基质的重构土壤培育的玉米,其各项生理生态指标均表现良好,说明该复垦方案更有利于玉米的生长.但两种以煤矸石作为主要填充基质的复垦方案都面临土壤中部分重金属含量超标和向植物体迁移的问题.如何降低重构土壤中重金属含量,减少土壤中重金属向植物体内的迁移将成为今后研究的重点.
基金Supported by the Project of National Wheat Industry Technology System in the"Twelfth Five-Year Plan"(CARS-3-2-34)~~
文摘[Objective] In this study, the aim was to explore the annual dosage and allocation proportion of nitrogenous fertilizer for Zhoumai 22 in the condition of wheat-maize integration. [Method] The rules of growth and yield variation of Zhoumai 22 under different dosages of nitrogenous fertilizer and different distribution ratios were studied. [Result] With the increase of nitrogenous fertilizer application and distribution rate from maize to wheat, the physiological indexes of Zhoumai 22 population showed an increasing trend, while the yield presented the variation trend of increasing firstly and decreasing then. [Conclusion] Annual amount of nitrogenous fertilizer of 600 kg/hm2 and the distribution ratio of 5：5 in the condition of wheat- maize integration was beneficial to the high yield of the whole year＇s crops and Zhoumai 22.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41561144011)
文摘To study the mechanism by which the thickness of covering soil effects crop growth in an ecological restoration project of bare rock and gravel land,the physiological characteristics of summer maize were observed during 2010^（–2）015. This experiment was set up on exposed rock land,which had been covered by soil with six different thicknesses： 30（C30）,40（C40）,50（C50）,60（C60）,80（C80） and 100 cm（C100）. During the experiment,soil physical properties and the physiological traits and yields of crops were recorded. The results indicated several effects. 1） With the same thickness level,soil bulk density of the covering soil increased in successive planting years. There was a logarithmic relationship between soil bulk density and covering thickness. There was also a strong algorithmic relationship between covering thickness and sedimentation coefficient（R^2=0.91）. 2） The thickness of covering soil had a significant influence on both the height of summer maize,and soil and plant analyzer development（SPAD） values. In each treatment,the growth rates of the crops during the jointing and booting stages were higher than that in the booting to grain filling stage. After two years of land-use,the mean height of the crop in the C50 treatment was 8.16%,3.32%,3.31%,9.86% and 7.55% higher than that for the C30,C40,C60,C80 and C100 treatments,respectively. The differences between treatments were significant（p 0.05）. SPAD values were highest at the heading stage. The highest value for the C50 treatment was 298.41 after two years of land-use. 3） Soil thickness significantly affected yields and the water use efficiency（WUE） of summer maize. The highest average crop yield and WUE value during the experimental period for the C50 treatment were 4614.12 kg hm^（–2） and 13.57 kg hm^（–2） mm,respectively. For the C50 treatment the multi-year average water use efficiency was significantly higher than that of the other treatments in 2010-2015. In conclusion,a soil thickness of 50 cm covering the bare exposed rock was adequate as a tillage layer for the crop,and all crop growth indexes in this treatment were better than for other soil thicknesses. The results provide a scientific basis for the land remediation and ecological restoration of bare rock and gravel land. At the same time,for Africa,where one-third of the land is desert,arable land resources are relatively scarce and agricultural ecology is fragile,can serve as a significant reference to improve the ecological environment,develop arable land resources and increase agricultural income.
