The monitoring,prediction and assessment of status about climate changes and ecological environment at home and abroad were discussed in this study,and the scientific significance and countermeasures for Qinghai-Tibet...The monitoring,prediction and assessment of status about climate changes and ecological environment at home and abroad were discussed in this study,and the scientific significance and countermeasures for Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to cope with these problems were also put forward.展开更多
The study intended to describe the alpine vegetation of a protected area of the northwestern Himalaya and identify the important environmental variables responsible for species distribution.We placed random plots cove...The study intended to describe the alpine vegetation of a protected area of the northwestern Himalaya and identify the important environmental variables responsible for species distribution.We placed random plots covering different habitats and altitude to record species composition and environmental variables.Vegetation was classified using hierarchical cluster analysis and vegetation-environment relationships were evaluated with Canonical Correspondence Analysis.Four communities,each in alpine shrub and meadows were delineated and well justified in the ordination plots.Indicator species for the different communities were identified.Maximum species richness and diversity were found in community IV among shrub communities and community II among the meadows.Studied environmental variables explained 61.5% variation in shrub vegetation and 59.8% variation in meadows.Soil variables explained higher variability (～35%) than spatial variables (～21%) in both shrubs and meadows.Altitude,among the spatial variables and carbon/nitrogen ratio and nitrogen among the soil variables explained maximum variation.About 40% variations left unexplained.Latitude and species diversity among the other variables had significant correlation with ordination axes.Study showed that altitude and C/N ratio played a significant role in species composition.Extensive sampling efforts and inclusion of other non-studied variables are also suggested for better understanding.展开更多
Allelopathic effects of submerged macrophytes against algae are affected by many environmental factors which can only be measured one by one by traditional methods. Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology w...Allelopathic effects of submerged macrophytes against algae are affected by many environmental factors which can only be measured one by one by traditional methods. Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology was used to optimize three environmental factors （temperature, light intensity and total dissolved solids） of allelopathic effects of Potarnogeton pectinatus against Microcystis aeruginosa at the same time. By solving the regression equation and analyzing the response surface contour plots, the optimal conditions of the relatively inhibitory rate of Microcystis aeruginosa were that the temperature was 23℃, the light intensity was 2 700 lx and the total dissolved solids were 4 415 mg/L. Under these conditions, the optimal value of relatively inhibitory rate of Microcystis aeruginosa was 81.9%. According to validation experiments, the results of analysis indicated that the experimental values fitted well with the predicted ones.展开更多
Seasonal variations in the phytoplankton community and the relationship between environmental factors of the sea area around Xiaoheishan Island are investigated in the present study. Xiaoheishan Island is located at 3...Seasonal variations in the phytoplankton community and the relationship between environmental factors of the sea area around Xiaoheishan Island are investigated in the present study. Xiaoheishan Island is located at 37°58′14″N and 120°38′46″E in Shandong Province, China. A total of 65 species of phytoplankton belonging to three phyla and 27 genera were identified, with Bacillariophyta having the largest number of species. The annual average chlorophyll a concentration for this area was 3.11 μg/L, and there occurs a Skeletonema costatum bloom in winter. The Shannon-Weaver indexes(log_2) of the phytoplankton from all stations were higher than 1, and the Pielou indexes were all higher than 0.3. The results of the canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) indicated that water temperature, PO_4^(3ˉ) and Cu were the environmental factors that had the greatest influence on the distribution of the phytoplankton community throughout the entire year. Although the concentration of heavy metal is well up to the state standards of the first grade of China(GB 3097-1997), these metals still have an impact on the phytoplankton community from this area.展开更多
Management development has become a crucial element in the organizations function, and in the lives of their personnel, while working, learning. and developing have become more and more intimately interlinked. In a de...Management development has become a crucial element in the organizations function, and in the lives of their personnel, while working, learning. and developing have become more and more intimately interlinked. In a development-oriented working environment, there is a constant pressure to become ＂better＂, and this necessitates planned, strategic development programs. This paper examines the development of a process- and dialogue-centered approach and its implementation in a hospital environment. The production of information, learning, and professional expertise are seen as strongly dialogic and context-bound processes. During 2010-2011, a project to promote a patient-centered approach in nursing care and organizational reform was carried out at Loimaa Hospital, funded both from the Hospital＇s own resources and with the aid of a grant from the Finnish Work Environment Fund. The goals of the development process were： to reinforce the restructuring of services provision in the Hospital＇s departments; to support the spontaneously launched peer networking among charge nurses and assistant charge nurses; to model a patient-centered approach by means of mentoring; and to reinforce dialogic team working in pairs on the wards. This paper summarises the project＇s findings and describes the principles of the process-centered development.展开更多
文摘The monitoring,prediction and assessment of status about climate changes and ecological environment at home and abroad were discussed in this study,and the scientific significance and countermeasures for Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to cope with these problems were also put forward.
文摘The study intended to describe the alpine vegetation of a protected area of the northwestern Himalaya and identify the important environmental variables responsible for species distribution.We placed random plots covering different habitats and altitude to record species composition and environmental variables.Vegetation was classified using hierarchical cluster analysis and vegetation-environment relationships were evaluated with Canonical Correspondence Analysis.Four communities,each in alpine shrub and meadows were delineated and well justified in the ordination plots.Indicator species for the different communities were identified.Maximum species richness and diversity were found in community IV among shrub communities and community II among the meadows.Studied environmental variables explained 61.5% variation in shrub vegetation and 59.8% variation in meadows.Soil variables explained higher variability (～35%) than spatial variables (～21%) in both shrubs and meadows.Altitude,among the spatial variables and carbon/nitrogen ratio and nitrogen among the soil variables explained maximum variation.About 40% variations left unexplained.Latitude and species diversity among the other variables had significant correlation with ordination axes.Study showed that altitude and C/N ratio played a significant role in species composition.Extensive sampling efforts and inclusion of other non-studied variables are also suggested for better understanding.
基金Supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2012BAC13B05)Science and Technology Foundation of Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection(No.2013B05)
文摘Allelopathic effects of submerged macrophytes against algae are affected by many environmental factors which can only be measured one by one by traditional methods. Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology was used to optimize three environmental factors （temperature, light intensity and total dissolved solids） of allelopathic effects of Potarnogeton pectinatus against Microcystis aeruginosa at the same time. By solving the regression equation and analyzing the response surface contour plots, the optimal conditions of the relatively inhibitory rate of Microcystis aeruginosa were that the temperature was 23℃, the light intensity was 2 700 lx and the total dissolved solids were 4 415 mg/L. Under these conditions, the optimal value of relatively inhibitory rate of Microcystis aeruginosa was 81.9%. According to validation experiments, the results of analysis indicated that the experimental values fitted well with the predicted ones.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.41206102)the National Marine Public Welfare Research Project(No.201305009)the NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund(No.U1406403)
文摘Seasonal variations in the phytoplankton community and the relationship between environmental factors of the sea area around Xiaoheishan Island are investigated in the present study. Xiaoheishan Island is located at 37°58′14″N and 120°38′46″E in Shandong Province, China. A total of 65 species of phytoplankton belonging to three phyla and 27 genera were identified, with Bacillariophyta having the largest number of species. The annual average chlorophyll a concentration for this area was 3.11 μg/L, and there occurs a Skeletonema costatum bloom in winter. The Shannon-Weaver indexes(log_2) of the phytoplankton from all stations were higher than 1, and the Pielou indexes were all higher than 0.3. The results of the canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) indicated that water temperature, PO_4^(3ˉ) and Cu were the environmental factors that had the greatest influence on the distribution of the phytoplankton community throughout the entire year. Although the concentration of heavy metal is well up to the state standards of the first grade of China(GB 3097-1997), these metals still have an impact on the phytoplankton community from this area.
文摘Management development has become a crucial element in the organizations function, and in the lives of their personnel, while working, learning. and developing have become more and more intimately interlinked. In a development-oriented working environment, there is a constant pressure to become ＂better＂, and this necessitates planned, strategic development programs. This paper examines the development of a process- and dialogue-centered approach and its implementation in a hospital environment. The production of information, learning, and professional expertise are seen as strongly dialogic and context-bound processes. During 2010-2011, a project to promote a patient-centered approach in nursing care and organizational reform was carried out at Loimaa Hospital, funded both from the Hospital＇s own resources and with the aid of a grant from the Finnish Work Environment Fund. The goals of the development process were： to reinforce the restructuring of services provision in the Hospital＇s departments; to support the spontaneously launched peer networking among charge nurses and assistant charge nurses; to model a patient-centered approach by means of mentoring; and to reinforce dialogic team working in pairs on the wards. This paper summarises the project＇s findings and describes the principles of the process-centered development.
