生态环境需水在环境影响评价中的应用

本文简要介绍了生态环境需水的概念、生态环境需水量研究进展情况及目前环境影响评价中生态需水量确定的常用方法。并结合工程实例,对目前环境影响评价中生态需水量确定的常用方法进行比较后,得出在进行环境影响评价,确定"V"型河谷上修建引水式电站的生态需水量时,采用曼宁公式经验法计算得出的生态需水量,即可满足脱减水河段的生态功能和景观用水要求。

芦苞涌、西南涌分洪对下游三角洲水环境影响及对策研究

主要讨论在现阶段环境条件下,北江大堤加固达标及芦苞涌、西南涌整治后,将可按设计分洪流量共2300m3/8分洪,对下游三角洲网河区的洪水过程及水质过程等水环境影响进行了分析,并提出分洪期水污染防治对策.

化工类项目环境影响报告书技术评估审查要点探析

随着社会科学技术的不断发展,工业技术也随之提升,各类飞速扩充的化工建设工程使得相关行业开始面临项目运营过程中日益严峻的环境影响问题。当前化工项目建设过程中,环境影响的技术评估已经成为各行各业关注的重点。本文选取化工项目环境影响报告书的要点及当前技术评估审查的常见问题进行论述,提出了完善环境技术评估问题的相关改进措施,为化工企业及相关环境评估机构的工作开展提供参考依据。

谈谈吉湖农业开发项目的环境影响及其对策

本文对江西省最大的引进外资开发农业的吉湖项目进行了环境影响分析,突出中国有机农业的历史与现实,提出了保护生态环境的对策。

南水北调中线工程对土壤环境的影响

研究了南水北调中线输水干渠沿线和供水区土壤资源及利用状况 ,论述了渠道工程和灌溉对土壤环境的影晌、调蓄工程对土壤环境的影响 ,提出了改善土地利用条件。

水利水电工程生态环境数据库应用初探

水利水电工程环境评价涉及面广数据量大。为提高我国水利水电工程建设中的环境评价及规划设计的质量和水平，必须采用先进的计算机工具。对环境评价和规划管理中计算机的应用现状进行了回顾。建立以生态环境数据库为基础、地理信息系统为工具、远景动态实时信息监测网为目标的生态环境网是提高环境评价及规划设计水平的当务之急。

浅论退耕还林（草）生态建设中的环境管理问题

本文论述了张家口地区土地沙化及沙尘现状及目前在该地区开展的“一退双还”生态建设工程的进展情况和存在问题。并从环境管理出发，提出了从生态规划、项目实施和后续管理入手，实现生态建设项目的全过程管理建议。特别强调了生态建设规划及项目建设中环境影吻评价的重要性及其在生态建设项目中的作用。

试论干成孔旋挖桩施工技术在市政道路桥梁工程中的应用

本文探讨了干成孔旋挖桩施工技术在市政道路桥梁工程中的应用。通过分析该技术的工作原理、优势以及在实际工程中的应用案例,揭示了其在提高施工效率、减少环境影响等方面的优势。应用该技术施工后的交通状况显著改善,城市高架桥建设过程中的噪声和振动数据明显减少,但该技术在地质复杂性和安全风险等方面仍面临挑战。未来,结合城市规划趋势和新技术融合,该技术有望在市政工程领域发挥更大作用。

浅谈比例预测法预测铁路噪声

结合改建铁路兖州地区北环线增二线工程的噪声环境影响评价 ,介绍比例预测法在铁路改建工程噪声环境影响评价中的应用 ,通过对比例预测法和模式预测法这 2种预测方法的比较 ,提出在使用比例预测法时的一些主要注意事项。

Characteristics and fate behavior of environmentally persistent free radicals in atmospheric particulate matter

Background,aim,and scope Environmentally persistent free radicals(EPFRs)have received significant attention due to their longer lifetime and stable existence in various environments.The strong environmental migration ability of particulate matter allows EPFRs to migrate over long-distance transport,thereby impacting the quality of the local atmospheric environment.Additionally,EPFRs can also adhere to atmospheric particles and interact with typical gaseous pollutants to affect atmospheric chemical reactions.EPFRs can produce some reactive organic species,promoting oxidative stress in the human body,damaging biological macromolecules and ultimately affecting the organism health.EPFRs are considered as a novel type of pollutant that affects human health.Despite their significance,there are few literatures available on the characteristics and fate behaviors of EPFRs up to date.Therefore,supplemental reviews are crucial for providing comprehensive understanding of EPFRs.Materials and methods This review summarizes the characteristics of EPFRs in particulate matter,outlines the generation mechanism and influencing factors of EPFRs,and the impacts of EPFRs on environmental quality and organism health.Results The content of EPFRs in particulate matter ranges from 1017 to 1020 spins∙g−1.Due to the strong mobility of atmospheric particulate matter,the long-term exposure to high levels of EPFRs may aggravate the impact of particulate matter on human health.The interaction between EPFRs and typical gaseous pollutants can alter their fate and influence atmospheric chemical reactions.EPFRs are mainly produced by transition metal elements and substituted aromatic hydrocarbons through electron transfer.Additionally,the chemical bond rupture of organic substances through heat treatment or ultraviolet radiation can also produce EPFRs,and heterogeneous reactions are capable producing them as well.The production of EPFRs is not only influenced by transition metal elements and precursors,but also by various environmental factors such as oxygen,temperature,light radiation,and relative humidity.Discussion EPFRs in atmospheric particulates matters are usually rich in fine particulates with obvious seasonal and regional variations.They can easily enter the human respiratory tract and lungs with inhalable particulates,thereby increasing the risk of exposure.Additionally,EPFRs in atmospheric particulates can interact with some typical gaseous pollutants,impacting the life and fate of EPFRs in the atmosphere,and alter atmospheric chemical reactions.Traditionally,EPFRs are generated by transition metal elements and substituted aromatic hydrocarbons undergoing electron transfer in the post-flame and cool-zone regions of combustion systems and other thermal processes to remove HCl,H_(2)O or CO groups,ultimately produce semiquinones,phenoxyls,and cyclopentadienyls.Recent studies have indicated that EPFRs can also be generated under the conditions of without transition metal elemental.Organics can also produce EPFRs through chemical bond rupture during heat treatment or light radiation conditions,as well as through some heterogeneous reactions and photochemical secondary generation of EPFRs.The presence or absence of oxygen has different effects on the type and yield of EPFRs.The concentration,type,and crystal type of transition metal elements will affect the type,content,and atmospheric lifetime of EPFRs.It is generally believed that the impact of transition metal element types on EPFRs is related to the oxidation-reduction potential.The combustion temperature or heat treatment process significantly affects the type and amount of EPFRs.Factors such as precursor loading content,pH conditions,light radiation and relative humidity also influence the generation of EPFRs.EPFRs can interact with pollutants in the environment during their migration and transformation process in environmental medium.This process accelerates the degradation of pollutants and plays a crucial role in the migration and transformation of organic pollutants in environmental media.The reaction process of EPFRs may lead to the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)such as∙OH,which can induce oxidative stress,inflammation and immune response to biological lung cells and tissues,leading to chronic respiratory and cardiopulmonary dysfunction,cardiovascular damage and neurotoxic effects,ultimately impacting the health of organisms.Conclusions The interaction mechanism between EPFRs in particulate matter and gaseous pollutants remains unclear.Furthermore,research on the generation mechanism of EPFRs without the participation of transition metals is not comprehensive,and the detection of EPFRs is limited to simple qualitative categories and lack accurate qualitative analysis.Recommendations and perspectives Further research should be conducted on the generation mechanism,measurement techniques,migration pathways,and transformation process of EPFRs.It is also important to explore the interaction between EPFRs in atmospheric particulate matter and typical gaseous pollutants.

Pathogenesis of Parkinson＇s disease： oxidative stress, environmental impact factors and inflammatory processes

Current hypothesis of neuronal degeneration in Parkinson＇s disease （PD） have been proposed, including formation of free radicals and oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, trophic factor deficiency, inflammatory processes, genetic factors, environmental impact factors, toxic action of nitric oxide, apoptosis, and so on. This review mainly discussed oxidative stress, environmental impact factors, and inflammatory processes in PD.

The features of soil aggregation and its eco-environmental effects under different subalpine forests on the east slope of Gongga Mountain, China

Structural properties of forest soils have important hydro-ecological function and can influence the soil water-physical characters and soil erosion. The experimental soil samples were obtained in surface horizon (0-10 cm) from different subalpine forest types on east slope of Gongga Mountain in the upriver area of Yangtze River China in May 2002. The soil bulk density, porosity, stable infiltration rate, aggregate distribution and particle-size distribution were analyzed by the routine methods in room, and the features and effects on eco-environment of soil aggregation were studied. The results showed that the structure of soil under mixed mature forest is in the best condition and can clearly enhance the eco-environmental function of soil, and the soil structure under the clear-cutting forest is the worst, the others are ranked between them. The study results can offer a basic guidance for the eco-environmental construction in the upper reaches of Yangtze River.

广西交通科学研究院环保研究所开拓环评咨询业务纪实

广西交通科学研究院环保研究所积极响应国家协调经济发展与环境保护、实现资源永续利用与社会可持续发展的号召,借助北部湾城市群大发展、大建设的有利形势,纵深参与交通运输及市政工程等领域各类项目的可行性研究、规划设计等过程,及时主动掌握行业动态,通过建立规范的操作流程和完善的行业体系,以周到细致、优质高效的服务形成良好的经营风格,不断赢得环评咨询业务市场。经过多年的发展。

Current Situation and Prevention of Soil Erosion from Construction of West-East Natural Gas Transmission (Ningxia-Shaanxi Section)

In the research, problems and damages of soil erosions in West -East Natural Gas Transmission were analyzed; the reasons were summarized and the characteristics of soil erosion were researched in order to explore principles of pipeline prevention and seek countermeasures.

Purification Effects of Aquatic Vegetations on Lake Wetland Water Environment and Analysis of the Influencing Factors in Hongze Lake

[Objective] To study the purification effect of plant community on wetland water environment in Hongze Lake, and to provide references to the ecological restoration of this area. [Methed] The typical lakeside zone of Hongze Lake Wetland National Nature Reserve was taken as the study area. Through the field survey based on environmental characteristics of aquatic areas and non-aquatic areas, combined with laboratory test, the content changes of nutrients （N and P）, COD （chemical oxygen demand） and SD （transparency） levels in the water body of lake wetland were measured; the purification effect of the lake wetland ecosystem in the growth process of aquatic vegetation was quantitatively analyzed, and possible influ- encing factors were discussed. [Result] Aquatic vegetation could remove the TN, TP, COD, Chla in wetland water environment and had obvious effects on the changes of SD content. Competition between aquatic plants can inhibit the growth of algae and relieve the eutrophication of water body. [Conclusion] This study provided theoretical basis for ecological restoration and enhancement of self-purification capability in the lakeside zone of Hongze Lake.

Ecosystem health: ecological sustainability target of strategic environment assessment

Strategic environment assessment (SEA) and ecosystem health are two new ideas on environmental management. On the basis of reviewing some relevant literature, this paper made discussions on the ecological sustainability target of SEA, the content of ecosystem health as well as the interrelations between SEA and ecosystem health. For a good SEA, its ecological sustainability principles should be provided with distinct content and a general assessment system. A framework for ecosystem health assessment was established according to the content of ecosystem health, and combined into SEA as SEA抯 ecological sustainability target, we can effectively guide decision-makers to make suitable indigenous means and local solutions. , The basic principles and procedure of SEA for ecosystem health are also discussed in the paper.

Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease: oxidative stress, environmental impact factors and inflammatory processes

Current hypothesis of neuronal degeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been proposed, including formation of free radicals and oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, trophic factor deficiency, inflam- matory processes, genetic factors, environmental impact factors, toxic action of nitric oxide, apoptosis, and so on. This review mainly discussed oxidative stress, environmental impact factors, and inflammatory processes in PD.

GIS-based Ecological Suitability Assessment for Land Use——A Case Study of an Economic Development Zone in Shenyang

Analysis indices of ecological suitability were selected through literature reviewing and expert consultation. Visualization of assessment course was achieved based on different land use functions with the help of ArcGIS9.0 and GIS layers with different properties were overlapped and computed with GIS grids. Hence, the areas were colored and reclassified（colors representing different ecological suitability degrees）. Finally, land use functions can be readjusted by the evaluation results,providing references for rational planning of economic development zones.

当“将军”好,当“士兵”也好

法国人拿破仑有句名言中国人很是熟悉,那就是"不想当将军的士兵不是好士兵",意思非常明了,就是每个人都应该力争上游,追求进步,争取走上领导岗位。照理说没什么不妥,作为统帅要求属下积极进取挺好的,可是咱们中国人做起事来总喜欢走极端,这句话和国情一联系起来,尤其是和教育一挂上钩,就变了味,人们好像都把"士兵"忘了,挂在嘴边的就只剩下"将军"了。

Dynamic Changes of Nitrogen in Saline-alkaline Paddy Field and Its Potential Environmental Impacts

[Objective] The paper was to study the dynamic changes of nitrogen in saline-alkaline paddy field and its potential environment impacts. [Method] With typical sodic saline-alkaline paddy fields of Songnen Plain as study object,field test method was used to explore the dynamic changes was strong alkof nitrogen in paddy field of the region and its potential impact on environment. [Result] The soil in test regionaline with high CEC and C/N ratios,as well as poor preserving capacity of fertilizer. During the two-year field experiment,the indicators of salinization fluctuated. Initially,the concentrations of total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen reached their maximum values,then decreased over time as a result of heavy rain. The maximum of nitrate concentration appeared later than those of total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen. Ammonia volatilization accounted for 18.9%-28.8% of the nitrogen loss. The total nitrogen concentration in surface water was higher than the national Class Ⅲ surface water environmental quality standard. The concentration of ammonia from the recession flow of agricultural field was considerably high,which would potentially threaten the fishery in the downstream of Chagan Lake. [Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for saline-alkaline soil management and conservation of water and fishery resources.