Mining subsidence pools are water bodies formed by soil subsidence near mines. We studied the impact the surrounding coal production activities and power plants have on these waters by measuring the concentrations of ...Mining subsidence pools are water bodies formed by soil subsidence near mines. We studied the impact the surrounding coal production activities and power plants have on these waters by measuring the concentrations of harmful trace elements in these waters. The concentration of the four elements F, Hg, Se and As increased by 0.92%, 0.78%, 0.70% and 0.81%, respectively, in the Datong mining subsidence pool from November 2004 to November 2006. The four elements increased by 1.58%, 1.23%, 1.08% and 0.92%, respectively, in the Xie’er mining subsidence pool and 1.16%, 1.06%, 1.02% and 1.01%, respectively, in the Pansan mining subsidence pool over the same time period. The absolute levels of F, Hg, Se and As in the pool are related to the background levels of the elements. A close relationship between nearby coal mines and power plants and increasing levels of the measured elements is noted.展开更多
Increasing production and disposal of coal fly ash （CFA） is a matter of serious environment concern. However, CFA contains various beneficial metals and mineral matters whose demand is increasing in the industrializ...Increasing production and disposal of coal fly ash （CFA） is a matter of serious environment concern. However, CFA contains various beneficial metals and mineral matters whose demand is increasing in the industrialized world, while natural supplies are diminishing. Therefore, recovery of these potential resources from CFA can be an alternative way to save mineral resources, as well as to reduce the environmental burden of CFA disposal. There are numerous methods developed for the recovery of beneficial products from CFA. Based on the US patents and journal literatures, the present review describes the recovery status and technologies of major elements such as Al, Si, Fe and Ti, and trace elements such as V, Ga, Ge, Se, Li, Mo, U, Au, Ag, Pt groups and rare earth elements （REEs） and other beneficial products such as magnetic materials, cenospheres, and unburned carbon from CFA. It also highlights the recovery efficiency and drawbacks for their extraction, and suggests future research to develop satisfactory results in terms of selective recovery and purification.展开更多
Studied the content and distribution of 18 environmental hazardous trace elementsin the lignite, fatty coal, anthracite and its burnt products by combustion simulatingexpriment in the one-dismensinal boiler.The transf...Studied the content and distribution of 18 environmental hazardous trace elementsin the lignite, fatty coal, anthracite and its burnt products by combustion simulatingexpriment in the one-dismensinal boiler.The transformations and concentration of 18 traceelements during different coal combustion were discussed.The results show that there aresome content distribution of 18 hazardous trace elements in every burnt product, but thelaw of concentration and dispersion of every trace element during different coal combustionis very different.Experiment results indicate that the transformation and concentrationof trace elements during coal combustion are related to the element contents and occur-rencesof trace elements in raw coal, but are also affected by some man-made factorssuch as the combustion method of boiler, combustion temperature and atmosphere, thetype of precipitators and so on.展开更多
According to the lithological assemblages and elemental geochemistry of the measured profile,the authors studied the sedimentary and tectonic environment of the Late Carboniferous Tangjiatun Formation in Acheng. The r...According to the lithological assemblages and elemental geochemistry of the measured profile,the authors studied the sedimentary and tectonic environment of the Late Carboniferous Tangjiatun Formation in Acheng. The results show that the trace elements of mudstone samples from Tangjiatun Formation have the characteristics of high Th,V and Cu,but low Ba,Nb and Sr. The rare earth elements are characterized by significantly light and heavy rare earth elements differentiation,relative enrichment of light rare earth elements,and a negative anomaly of δEu. The Tangjiatun Formation belongs to a marine and delta sedimentary environment,and its tectonic setting is considered as a continental island arc environment.展开更多
The disposal of urban or hospital waste in open landfills is the easiest way to throw back of them without environmental concerns. MTEs （Metal Trace Elements） are the most toxic mineral elemems. This study evaluates...The disposal of urban or hospital waste in open landfills is the easiest way to throw back of them without environmental concerns. MTEs （Metal Trace Elements） are the most toxic mineral elemems. This study evaluates the impact of MTE on a neighboring human population or playing near a municipal dump. Two panels were composed of adult men and children （males under sixteen years old）. Four trace metal elements were analyzed： copper, lead, cadmium and zinc. The site of the study was the municipal waste dump in Marrakech （Morocco）. The results reveal abnormal concentrations of these MTEs in blood and hair of adults and children.展开更多
Leaching is an important way of precipitation of trace elements. It is known from the leaching experiment that the content of trace elements precipitated from coal or waste is related to their existing status and conc...Leaching is an important way of precipitation of trace elements. It is known from the leaching experiment that the content of trace elements precipitated from coal or waste is related to their existing status and concentration in coal, it is also affected by time of leaching, temperature of leaching-liquid and its pH value. The higher temperature of leaching-liquid and the longer of leaching are, the higher precipitation conceatration of trace elements will be. In the course of leaching, pH value of leaching-liquid changes, and the different trace elements are differently effected by pH value.展开更多
Carbon isotope, sulfur isotope, and trace element(including Rare Earth Elements, REE) analyses were conducted on the carbonates of the Dengying Formation at Lianghekou section in southern Shaanxi to reconstruct the te...Carbon isotope, sulfur isotope, and trace element(including Rare Earth Elements, REE) analyses were conducted on the carbonates of the Dengying Formation at Lianghekou section in southern Shaanxi to reconstruct the terminal Ediacaran shallow-water environment on the northwestern margin of the Yangtze Platform. At Lianghekou section, samples in the middle 50-m of the Beiwan Member show characteristics of low ΣREE concentrations, no MREE-enriched REE distribution patterns, high Ce/Ce* values close to 1, and enriched redox-sensitive elements, whereas samples in the lower 30-m and upper 10-m show opposite characteristics of high ∑REE concentrations, MREE-enriched REE distribution patterns, low Ce/Ce* values around 0.6, and no redox-sensitive elements enriched, indicating that oxygenation did occur in the shallow water on the northwestern margin of the Yangtze Platform and redox conditions of the shallow water fluctuated from relatively oxygenated to anoxic and then back to oxygenated again. We propose that the anoxia appeared in middle of the Beiwan time may associate with the anoxic upwelled water. On one hand, abundant nutrients were brought in by this upwelling event, which stimulated the photosynthetic carbon fixation and increased the organic carbon burial under this anoxic condition, causing a peak of 3.6‰ in δ 13 C. On the other hand, because the anoxic upwelled water replaced the oxic shallow water, together with the increasing organic matter in the water column, bacterial sulfate reduction was enhanced and therefore quickly reduced the sulfate concentration, which eventually caused δ 34 S increasing to 50‰. However, as the upwelling gradually disappeared, δ 13 C and δ 34 SCAS values decreased as well in the late Beiwan time, indicating the shallow water went back to suboxic or oxic again.展开更多
Interactions between microbes and minerals have the potential to contribute significantly to global cycles of various processes and serve as a link between the geosphere and life. Clays and clay minerals occur commonl...Interactions between microbes and minerals have the potential to contribute significantly to global cycles of various processes and serve as a link between the geosphere and life. Clays and clay minerals occur commonly in agriculturally utilized soils, are naturally grown underground （soil and rock） and are used in construction material. Clay minerals serve as natural, geological and technical barriers in geotechnics and environmental geotechnics. Bacteria in turn are ubiquitous in natural soils, subsoils and rocks and are in permanent contact with clay minerals. There are numerous ways in which bacteria can interact with clay minerals and alter them： dissolution, refinement and transformation, reduction of trace elements incorporated in the clay minerals and uptake of trace elements from these minerals, e.g., by the production of siderophores and chelators and enhancement or reduction of azisorbance of trace elements on clay minerals. In addition, bacteria can influence layer charge, cation exchange capacity （CEC）, exchangeable cations, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface, swelling and the rheological properties of clay minerals. The field of clay mineral-microorganism interaction is still wide open because of the large potential that the interactions of bacteria with clay minerals in soils and sediments may result in changes in clay mineral properties and behaviors. Fhrther detailed studies on all these tentative changes and underlying mechanisms as well as broad surveys of quantifications of extents and rates of clay mineral-microorganism interactions, especially in mimicking natural systems, are highly required. This review summarizes the influences of various bacteria on the properties of different clay minerals as determined experimentally using viable bacteria.展开更多
基金Projects 070414168 supported by the Provincial University National Natural Science Foundation of Anhui2006KJ009A by the Key National Science Foundation of Anhui Province
文摘Mining subsidence pools are water bodies formed by soil subsidence near mines. We studied the impact the surrounding coal production activities and power plants have on these waters by measuring the concentrations of harmful trace elements in these waters. The concentration of the four elements F, Hg, Se and As increased by 0.92%, 0.78%, 0.70% and 0.81%, respectively, in the Datong mining subsidence pool from November 2004 to November 2006. The four elements increased by 1.58%, 1.23%, 1.08% and 0.92%, respectively, in the Xie’er mining subsidence pool and 1.16%, 1.06%, 1.02% and 1.01%, respectively, in the Pansan mining subsidence pool over the same time period. The absolute levels of F, Hg, Se and As in the pool are related to the background levels of the elements. A close relationship between nearby coal mines and power plants and increasing levels of the measured elements is noted.
文摘Increasing production and disposal of coal fly ash （CFA） is a matter of serious environment concern. However, CFA contains various beneficial metals and mineral matters whose demand is increasing in the industrialized world, while natural supplies are diminishing. Therefore, recovery of these potential resources from CFA can be an alternative way to save mineral resources, as well as to reduce the environmental burden of CFA disposal. There are numerous methods developed for the recovery of beneficial products from CFA. Based on the US patents and journal literatures, the present review describes the recovery status and technologies of major elements such as Al, Si, Fe and Ti, and trace elements such as V, Ga, Ge, Se, Li, Mo, U, Au, Ag, Pt groups and rare earth elements （REEs） and other beneficial products such as magnetic materials, cenospheres, and unburned carbon from CFA. It also highlights the recovery efficiency and drawbacks for their extraction, and suggests future research to develop satisfactory results in terms of selective recovery and purification.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Key Foundation of China(40133010)Natural Science Foundation of China of Anhui University of Science and Technology for ph.D to Research(DG414)
文摘Studied the content and distribution of 18 environmental hazardous trace elementsin the lignite, fatty coal, anthracite and its burnt products by combustion simulatingexpriment in the one-dismensinal boiler.The transformations and concentration of 18 traceelements during different coal combustion were discussed.The results show that there aresome content distribution of 18 hazardous trace elements in every burnt product, but thelaw of concentration and dispersion of every trace element during different coal combustionis very different.Experiment results indicate that the transformation and concentrationof trace elements during coal combustion are related to the element contents and occur-rencesof trace elements in raw coal, but are also affected by some man-made factorssuch as the combustion method of boiler, combustion temperature and atmosphere, thetype of precipitators and so on.
文摘According to the lithological assemblages and elemental geochemistry of the measured profile,the authors studied the sedimentary and tectonic environment of the Late Carboniferous Tangjiatun Formation in Acheng. The results show that the trace elements of mudstone samples from Tangjiatun Formation have the characteristics of high Th,V and Cu,but low Ba,Nb and Sr. The rare earth elements are characterized by significantly light and heavy rare earth elements differentiation,relative enrichment of light rare earth elements,and a negative anomaly of δEu. The Tangjiatun Formation belongs to a marine and delta sedimentary environment,and its tectonic setting is considered as a continental island arc environment.
文摘The disposal of urban or hospital waste in open landfills is the easiest way to throw back of them without environmental concerns. MTEs （Metal Trace Elements） are the most toxic mineral elemems. This study evaluates the impact of MTE on a neighboring human population or playing near a municipal dump. Two panels were composed of adult men and children （males under sixteen years old）. Four trace metal elements were analyzed： copper, lead, cadmium and zinc. The site of the study was the municipal waste dump in Marrakech （Morocco）. The results reveal abnormal concentrations of these MTEs in blood and hair of adults and children.
文摘Leaching is an important way of precipitation of trace elements. It is known from the leaching experiment that the content of trace elements precipitated from coal or waste is related to their existing status and concentration in coal, it is also affected by time of leaching, temperature of leaching-liquid and its pH value. The higher temperature of leaching-liquid and the longer of leaching are, the higher precipitation conceatration of trace elements will be. In the course of leaching, pH value of leaching-liquid changes, and the different trace elements are differently effected by pH value.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2011CB808805)MOST Special Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Northwest University,and National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41172029)
文摘Carbon isotope, sulfur isotope, and trace element(including Rare Earth Elements, REE) analyses were conducted on the carbonates of the Dengying Formation at Lianghekou section in southern Shaanxi to reconstruct the terminal Ediacaran shallow-water environment on the northwestern margin of the Yangtze Platform. At Lianghekou section, samples in the middle 50-m of the Beiwan Member show characteristics of low ΣREE concentrations, no MREE-enriched REE distribution patterns, high Ce/Ce* values close to 1, and enriched redox-sensitive elements, whereas samples in the lower 30-m and upper 10-m show opposite characteristics of high ∑REE concentrations, MREE-enriched REE distribution patterns, low Ce/Ce* values around 0.6, and no redox-sensitive elements enriched, indicating that oxygenation did occur in the shallow water on the northwestern margin of the Yangtze Platform and redox conditions of the shallow water fluctuated from relatively oxygenated to anoxic and then back to oxygenated again. We propose that the anoxia appeared in middle of the Beiwan time may associate with the anoxic upwelled water. On one hand, abundant nutrients were brought in by this upwelling event, which stimulated the photosynthetic carbon fixation and increased the organic carbon burial under this anoxic condition, causing a peak of 3.6‰ in δ 13 C. On the other hand, because the anoxic upwelled water replaced the oxic shallow water, together with the increasing organic matter in the water column, bacterial sulfate reduction was enhanced and therefore quickly reduced the sulfate concentration, which eventually caused δ 34 S increasing to 50‰. However, as the upwelling gradually disappeared, δ 13 C and δ 34 SCAS values decreased as well in the late Beiwan time, indicating the shallow water went back to suboxic or oxic again.
文摘Interactions between microbes and minerals have the potential to contribute significantly to global cycles of various processes and serve as a link between the geosphere and life. Clays and clay minerals occur commonly in agriculturally utilized soils, are naturally grown underground （soil and rock） and are used in construction material. Clay minerals serve as natural, geological and technical barriers in geotechnics and environmental geotechnics. Bacteria in turn are ubiquitous in natural soils, subsoils and rocks and are in permanent contact with clay minerals. There are numerous ways in which bacteria can interact with clay minerals and alter them： dissolution, refinement and transformation, reduction of trace elements incorporated in the clay minerals and uptake of trace elements from these minerals, e.g., by the production of siderophores and chelators and enhancement or reduction of azisorbance of trace elements on clay minerals. In addition, bacteria can influence layer charge, cation exchange capacity （CEC）, exchangeable cations, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface, swelling and the rheological properties of clay minerals. The field of clay mineral-microorganism interaction is still wide open because of the large potential that the interactions of bacteria with clay minerals in soils and sediments may result in changes in clay mineral properties and behaviors. Fhrther detailed studies on all these tentative changes and underlying mechanisms as well as broad surveys of quantifications of extents and rates of clay mineral-microorganism interactions, especially in mimicking natural systems, are highly required. This review summarizes the influences of various bacteria on the properties of different clay minerals as determined experimentally using viable bacteria.
