基于文献计量分析的环境纳米颗粒研究进展与热点

为了解环境纳米颗粒(ENPs)的研究进展和趋势,以Web of Science核心数据库中ENPs的研究论文为数据源,通过CiteSpace与VOS viewer,对年发文数量、国家、机构、作者等进行了计量分析。结果显示:在2000~2020年,ENPs相关研究论文发文量在2008年后开始快速增长,且总被引频次持续增长,说明有关研究成果得以认知的范围和深度逐渐扩大与深入;美国是发文总数最多的国家,共发表文章149篇,中国位居第二;美国总被引频次为第一位,这表明中国论文在ENPs领域的影响力还有待提高;发文机构中以中国科学院发文量最多。ENPs的研究热点集中在环境毒理、环境稳定性、纳米颗粒的迁移转化、暴露与氧化应激等方面。未来应更加关注ENPs与环境因素的交互作用以及ENPs与污染物的交互作用对ENPs的环境毒性的影响。

Antineoplastic activities of Gd@C_(82)(OH)_(22) nanoparticles: tumor microenvironment regulation

Malignant tumors are complex organs consisting of tumor cells and their microenvironment. Increasing evidence has shown that the tumor microenvironment is critical to the initiation and progression of tumors. Rational design of tumor therapies via targeting the tumor microenvironment to inhibit tumor growth is thus becoming a consensus strategy. Gd@C 82 (OH) 22 nanoparticles, as novel endohedral hydroxylated metallofullerenes, have been demonstrated to be a potent antitumor nanomedicine via targeting multiple factors in the tumor microenvironment. Gd@C 82 (OH) 22 nanoparticles possess excellent biocompatibility and remarkable antineoplastic activity, as a result not of direct tumor cytotoxicity but of their diverse biological effects, including antioxidation, immune activation, angiogenesis inhibition, imprisoning cancer cells, and reversal of drug-resistance. In this article, we summarize the unique nanoscale physiochemical properties and the antineoplastic activities of Gd@C 82 (OH) 22 nanoparticles, and focus on the mechanisms underlying their regulation of the tumor microenvironment.

A covalent organic framework-based multifunctional therapeutic platform for enhanced photodynamic therapy via catalytic cascade reactions

Utilizing the unique tumor microenvironment(TME)to conduct chemical reactions for cancer treatment becomes a hot topic recently.Nevertheless,single chemical reaction in TME is often restricted by scanty reaction substrates and slow reaction rate.Meanwhile,the toxic substances produced by the reactions are usually not enough to kill cancer cells.Herein,using covalent organic frameworks(COFs)as the template,Au nanoparticles(Au NPs)were subsequently grown on the surface of the COF,then a thin layer of manganese dioxide(MnO2)was coated over the material,and finally hyaluronic acid(HA)was introduced to improve the biocompatibility.The resultant product,named COF-Au-MnO2,was involved in several processes to form cascade reactions in the TME.Specifically,under hypoxic conditions,COF-Au-MnO2 could react with intratumoral H2O2 to produce O2 to enhance the type II photodynamic therapy(PDT),and Au NPs could decompose glucose to promote starving-like therapy.Besides,starving-like therapy can also produce H2O2 to increase O2 production.Simultaneously,MnO2 can consume glutathione(GSH)to enhance the antitumor efficacy,and the released Mn2+could be used for T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Both in vitro and in vivo experiments had proven excellent cancer cell killing effect and antitumor efficacy of COF-Au-MnO2via such a cycle-like process.

Formation of copper oxide nanowires and nanoparticles via electrospinning

Copper oxide nanowires and nanoparticles were fabricated through electrospinning followed by calcinations in different heating conditions.It was found that the solution viscosity and environment humidity had great impact on the morphologies of precursor nanowires,and the parameters of heat treatment,including final temperature and heating rate,significantly affected the product morphologies.