解振华局长在全国环境保护规划工作会议上的讲话

2004年是我国经济继续快速发展的一年，也是全国环保系统与时俱进、积极参与国家宏观调控、深入开展污染防治和加强生态保护的一年。在这一年里，国务院组织召开了两次全国性的污染防治工作会议；总局按照国务院的统一部署，出台了多项有利于加强国家宏观调控的环保政策，为国民经济的健康、快速发展起到了积极作用；全国环保系统各部门在这一年的工作中取得了较大的成绩，

Calculation of Environmental Capacity of Petroleum Hydrocarbon in Jiaozhou Bay

The method has been established to calculate the environmental capacity (ECO), surplus environment capacity (SECO) of water with respect to marine petroleum hydrocarbons associated with oil (PHAOs) and the self-purification capacity (SPCO) of main self-purification process to PHAOs in the Jiaozhou Bay, China, according to the dynamic model for distribution of marine PHAOs among multiphase environments. The variation of concentration of PHAOs in the Jiaozhou Bay is well simulated by the dynamic model. Based on the model, the ECo, SECo of water with respect to PHAOs in the Jiaozhou Bay were calculated during the last 10 years under the first-class and second-class quality standard requirement, according to SPCO of main self-purification process to PHAOs. The results show that about 200 tons of PHAOs could be discharged into the Jiaozhou Bay for maintaining the first class seawater quality standard, and about 600 tons of PHAOs for the second class seawater quality standard later.

Entanglement Dynamics of Multipartite Systems Under Decoherence from a Spin Environment

The entanglement evolution of multipartite quantum states under a spin environment is analyzed. Due to interaction, the extent to which the entanglement vanishes depends not only on the size of system and the structure of quantum states, but also on the exchange couplings with environment. The decoherence-free subspaces have been identified by using the linear entropy.

Three Gorges Project:a project for ecological improvement and environmental protection in Yangtze River Basin

Seeking water and earning their livelihoods is the natural selection of human beings.Like other rivers on the earth,the Yangtze River is the birthplace of human civilization and survival.As an ecosystem,the Yangtze River Basin is evolving under the influences of natural factors and human activities.Because of soil erosion,pollution and human activities,the imbalance of secondary environment is exacerbated and the ecological environment has become more vulnerable,so it is urgent to mitigate and prevent the ecological crisis.The practice has proved that implementation of engineering measures is an effective way to improve the ecological environment.The Three Gorges Project (TGP) has a flood control storage capacity of 22.15 billion m 3,effectively storing the flood water upstream of Yichang,and protects 15 million people and 1.5 million hm 2 farmland.Furthermore,the project can prevent or slow down the sedimentation and shrinkage of the lakes in the middle Yangtze River such as Dongting Lake;with an average annual power generation of about 90 billion kW· h,it can significantly reduce the emissions of harmful gas like CO 2.In general,the construction of TGP is conducive to the ecological and environmental protection in the Yangtze River Basin and China,even the world.

Quantum State Transfer in Engineered Spin Chain under Influence of Spatially Distributed Environment

It has been shown that a quantum state could be perfectly transferred via a spin chain with engineered'always-on interaction'.In this paper,we study a more realistic problem for such a quantum state transfer (QST)protocol,how the efficacy of QST is reduced by the quantum decoherence induced by a spatially distributed environment.Here,the environment is universally modeled as a bath of fermions located in different positions.By making use of theirreducible tensor method in angular momentum theory,we investigate the effect of environment on the efficiency of QSTfor both cases at zero and finite temperatures.We not only show the generic exponential decay of QST efficiency as thenumber of sites increase,but also find some counterintuitive effect,the QST can be enhanced as temperature increasesin some cases.

PIV Studies on Turbulence Structure in Air/Water Interface with Wind-Induced Water Waves

When wind appears over the free surface, water waves and turbulence are generated by an interfacial shear stress. In particular, turbulent diffusion promotes significantly mass and momentum transport beneath the interface between the water and air significantly in ocean and lakes, and thus it is very important for global environment problems to reveal such turbulence property and coherent structure. Simultaneous measurements of velocities and free-surface elevation allow us to conduct reasonably the phase analysis of the coherent structure in interfacial shear layer. Furthermore, multi-point measurements such as PIV are very powerful to detect the space-time structure of coherent motions. Therefore, in the present study, we developed a specially designed PIV system which can measure the velocity components and surface-elevation fluctuation simultaneously by using two sets of high-speed cameras to reveal the coherent structure in the interfacial shear layer.

Full scale measurement for FPSO on motions in six-degrees of freedom and environmental loads and deduction of mooring system loads

A joint industry project on a full scale measurement of Fenjin FPSO,headed by Shanghai Jiao Tong University and sponsored by CNOOC,was initiated in October 2007 and has been going on for more than 25 months.The purpose of the project is to measure and collect the motions in six-degrees of freedom of an FPSO,and to collect the environmental loads at the offshore oil-field.A motion data measuring system is designed and installed on the FPSO.Another environmental data measuring system is installed on a fixed jacket platform nearby.A large quantity of valuable first-hand data is obtained.With the data collected,motion characteristics of the FPSO in a long-term period are concluded.A short-term analysis for the FPSO in one of the typhoons is also completed.The mean periods of wave-frequency motions are calculated by the spectrum analysis.The tension loads of the mooring system,which is of great concern,are calculated by the decoupled technique.

Effect of Decoherence Induced by a Spin Environment on Quantum Channel Capacity

We investigate the effect of decoherence from a spin environment on the quantum channel capacity.Our results imply that the time evolution of the quantum channel capacity depends on the number of freedom degrees of the environment,the tunneling element,the initial state of the environment,and the system-environment coupling strength.From the analysis,we find that the strong tunneling elements and the weak coupling strength can enhance the quantum channel capacity while the environment with a large number of freedom degrees and the strong coupling strength will shrink it.