基于分档策略的装备统一环境试验条件设计方法

目的 研究提出基于分档策略的装备统一环境试验条件设计方法。方法 首先,对装备力、热、自然等环境试验条件的统一化进行详细论证,研究得到不同类型环境条件的分档策略。然后,对不同型号环境试验条件的项目进行分析,提出环境试验项目“基本项”+“定制项”的统一方法,得到通用试验项目和定制试验项目。随后,对于特定环境试验项目,提出基于极值的“包络式”、基于概率统计的“精细式”和基于就近归集的“分档式”3种统一环境试验条件制定方法,给出各种方法的特点、剪裁方法,并结合典型航天型号,给出应用案例和方法示意。结果 得到了基于分档策略的装备统一环境条件制定的方法,给出了典型装备的分档环境试验条件。结论 从装备的实际出发,提出的基于分档策略的装备统一环境试验条件的设计方法,经实践证明是可行的,对于降低货架产品的研制、批产和验收成本具有重要工程意义,并且对于其他类型产品的技术条件统一化具有重要的借鉴意义。

论建筑外部环境设计

本文探讨建筑外部环境的空间概念并着重论述建筑外部环境设计的基本方法．

建筑外窗遮阳的节能效果评价方法比较

建筑遮阳是被动式建筑设计的重要措施之一,能够改善建筑热环境,降低建筑能耗,本文重点分析外窗遮阳设施对节能贡献的评价方法,引导建筑遮阳设计的进一步发展。

我国高科技园区“智慧环境”设计方法与技术初探

现代高科技园区与传统的科技产业园有着较大的区别,因此原有的环境设计方法已经不能满足园区发展的需求。本文分析了目前我国高科技园区环境存在的问题,利用"智慧环境"理念以及先进的数字化技术为解决这些问题提供了一些新的可行性研究,期望为我国现代高科技园区建设提供有益的探索。

基于环境设计的工程伪装效能评估指标体系构建方法

基于环境的设计方法,能够较为紧密地结合工程环境完成产品设计,以此种方法构建的工程效能评估指标体系更为可信、可靠。通过介绍递归逻辑原理开篇,阐述EBD方法的理论根基,提出工程效能评估指标体系的构建思路,完成指标体系结构模型设计。结合工程实例进一步展示操作流程,并验证方法的科学性。

Study on the musculoskeletal body for quadruped robots with spinning gait

The walking creatures' athletic ability is related to their body' s musculoskeletal system.A kind of musculoskeletal body for quadruped robots is developed,which will be used to assist the leg mechanism to achieve spinning gait in order to improve the robot mobility in unstructured environment.A bionic-flexible-spine model driven by pneumatic artificial muscles(PAMs) is proposed.Because the body has the flexible property,the robot can achieve spinning gait quickly,which is similar to walking creatures by coordinated movement between body bending and legs side-swing.The kinematics of the bending of the musculoskeletal body and side-swing of leg mechanism of quadruped robot for spinning gait are studied.According to the stability analysis of spinning gait,the relationship between body bending angle and leg swing angle can be determined.The PID controller is designed to conduct the bending experiment,and the bending characteristic of the musculoskeletal body is studied.Experimental results show that the biggest bending angle of the musculoskeletal body can reach 30°.

Response-based Analysis for Tension Leg Platform

The typical industry practice for Tension Leg Platform （TLP） design focuses on a conventional short-term design recipe, which assumes that an N-year design environment leads to an N-year response. In the response-based design method, the TLP is designed to withstand N-year responses rather than respond to N-year environmental conditions. In this paper, we present an overview and a general procedure for the response-based design method and use a case study to compare the critical TLP responses between the two methods. The results of our comparison show that the conventional short-term design method often contains an element of conservatism and that the response-based design method can reduce the design conditions and thereby achieve cost savings.

Optimal air-supply mode of hybrid system with radiant cooling and dedicated outdoor air

The hybrid system with radiant cooling and dedicated outdoor air not only possesses high energy efficiency, but also creates a healthy and comfortable indoor environment. Indoor air quality will be improved by the dedicated outdoor air system(DOAS) and indoor thermal comfort can be enhanced by the radiant cooling system(RCS). The optimal air-supply mode of the hybrid system and the corresponding design approach were investigated. A full-scale experimental chamber with various air outlets and the ceiling radiant cooling panels(CRCP) was designed and established. The performances of different air-supply modes along with CRCPs were analyzed by multi-index evaluations. Preliminary investigations were also conducted on the humidity stratification and the control effect of different airflow modes to prevent condensation on CRCP. The overhead supply air is recommended as the best combination mode for the hybrid system after comprehensive comparison of the experiment results. The optimal proportion of CRCP accounting for the total cooling capacities in accord with specific cooling loads is found, which may provide valuable reference for the design and operation of the hybrid system.

Research of MMW radiometer virtual prototyping technology

The idea of millimeter-wave (MMW) radiometer virtual prototyping is discussed in this paper. Designing environment, designing method and the main modeling components of virtual MMW radiometer are researched. Important external parameters, which have significant influence to composing system, are used to components modeling, and then components are taken to buildup virtual MMW radiometer system. Moreover, the effect to output is contrasted whether there is a low-noise amplifier or not.

Energy decomposition analysis for intramolecular non-covalent interaction in solvated environment

In this work, the intra-EDA method, which is a recently developed energy decomposition analysis scheme for intramolecular non-covalent interaction is extended from gas phase to solvated environment. It is the first analysis scheme that performs analysis for intramolecular interaction in solution. By fragmentation scheme, a molecule is divided into intramolecular interacting fragments and environmental fragments via single bond homolysis breaking. The solvent effect is taken into account by implicit solvation model. Intramolecular interaction free energy is estimated as the separated treatment of inter-fragment interactions in dielectric environment. The analysis results highlight the importance of solvent effects to intramolecular non-covalent interaction.

Design and optimization of low-energy transfer orbit to Mars with multi-body environment

This paper discusses the problem of design and optimization of low-energy transfer orbit with multi-body environment. A new integrative method is proposed to effectively solve the problem, in which the parameterized patched manifolds in CR3BP(circular restricted three-body problems), the shape-based method with multi-body environment, the homotopic method with multi-body environment, and the low-thrust capturing and descending algorithm with multi-body environment are all included. Firstly, the parameters describing the patched manifolds in CR3 BP are optimized until the least total absolute velocity increment has been got, including the employment of the shape-based method with multi-body environment. Secondly, the low-thrust control laws of the transfer orbit are optimized employing the homotopic method with multi-body environment that transfers the fuel optimization problem to an easier energy optimization problem. Thirdly, the low-thrust descending orbit around Mars is computed using the laws proposed in this paper. As a typical example, the Earth-Mars transfer orbit design is discussed. The results showed that the parameters describing the patched manifolds could be optimized by the DE(differential evolution) algorithm effectively; the homotopic method with multi-body environment could get the optimal value that meets the first order optimality conditions; and the low-thrust descending orbit could effectively be captured by Mars and finally become a circular parking orbit around it by the hypothesis control laws proposed in this paper. It shows that the final fuel cost is much less than the optimal transfer in the patched two-body problems. In conclusion, the method proposed in this paper could effectively solve the low-energy low-thrust optimal control problem in multi-body environment for the future deep space explorations.