环境艺术设计中的低碳环保理念

当前国内环境问题集中表现在:资源耗费情况较为突出、工业化生产带来对环境的极大破坏、人口承载力水平已经达到临界点等,这些现象不但使社会公众的生存环境更为恶化,同时亦拖累了我国国民经济的整体发展进程。从人的活动范围来看,在一个人生命历程的多数时间之内,其往往会居于其居所之中,由此可以说,室内环境的优劣情况直接同其生活品质相挂钩。基于此种缘由,任何人都希望自身的居所能够使其身心放松,同时亦是绿色、环保的宜居之所。从室内设计的初衷来看,其目的便在于为居于居所的人群提供舒适、健康的生活空间。尤其是现代社会环保问题的日趋严重,使得绿色、环保的室内设计理念成为当下的主流设计思潮。此种设计理念体现了现代人对美好生活的向往之情,同时,亦彰显出设计界对绿色设计的重视。

Latent Challenges in the Human-Nature Relationship for Sustainable Design and Planning

In the global context, the relationship between human beings and nature has been discussed in various fields of study. This paper introduced three of the important challenges in this relationship, which have, thus far, been only partially or implicitly acknowledged in design and planning. The aim was to elucidate the key disregarded and neglected aspects in the human-nature relationship that need to be considered in different phases of the design and planning of future projects. This paper will thus inform the designers and planners about the previously overlooked but important challenges in the human-nature relationship, which must be moved to the foreground of the design and planning processes. These challenges include the definition of the term “nature”, the reciprocal effects among scales and adhering to or going beyond environmental sustainability. As the main conclusion, the paper shows how these challenges can improve the mutually supportive interaction between human beings and nature in the field of design and planning. Specifically speaking, the paper discussed how to convert the overlooked challenges in the human-nature relationship into potentials in the design and planning process. The main applied methods for this paper were a review of the related literature and the appropriate analysis.

Mechanism for Integrating Sustainability in Engineering Design

This paper proposes an integration mechanism to help the owners and designers to integrate sustainability issues into design process, communicate with stakeholders and achieve consensus. Literature concerning engineering design, decision making and environment assessment were reviewed. Sustainability disputes in construction projects were analyzed and owners and designers were interviewed to understand the evolvement of these issues. Key success factors of other successful integration projects were also referenced. An integration mechanism including procedures was established along with traditional design process. Four integration steps were developed： organize integration team, propose integration issues, determine acceptance criteria, and evaluate alternatives; and four integration dimensions were also identified： appeals, decision making and execution, stakeholders, and experts. A matrix was formed by the four integration steps and four dimensions. A rigor index was proposed to measure the quality of the integration process. Finally, the mechanism was tested on a construction project with sustainability controversy to check its validity. The study results show that the integration mechanism can help incorporate sustainability issues and achieve consensus if followed rigorously. The integration matrix systematically examines the eight key integration factors under the four dimensions. The rigor index can explain the quality in integrating sustainability issues into engineering design. The mechanism provides a useful tool for the owners and designers to cope with the sustainability decision making difficulties.