资环环境类专业面向对象程序设计课程教学方法探讨

一般资环环境与城乡规划管理、地理信息系统等专业学生的计算机语言基础较弱,由于面向对象程序设计课程涉及概念比较抽象、知识难点较多,学生在学习时常感到难以全面掌握面向对象程序设计语言的核心知识。该文分析了常规教学方法的不足,提出基于程序结构演化的面象对象程序设计教学方法,从程序的基本结构演化讲起,绕过对基本概念的理解,从结构的演化角度回归到概念,降低了学生对抽象概念的理解难度,在实际教学中取得了较好的效果。

房地产项目投资环境模糊综合评价

房地产业是一个高利润伴随着高风险的行业,其投资环境具有很大的不确定性。从经济环境、政治环境、社会环境、自然环境、基础设施环境等5个方面建立项目投资环境的多层次评价指标体系。讨论了模糊综合评价数学模型,提出一种基于模糊综合评价模型的定量化研究方法,为投资者进行项目投资环境评价提供参考。

福建投资软环境建设的问题及对策研究

当前,福建的投资软环境在全国不属于第一梯队已是不争的事实,福建软环境建设中存在的一系列问题成为制约福建经济进一步发展的瓶颈。必须关注投资软环境建设问题,建立一个法治的、诚信有度的投资软环境。

西宁城市投资管理有限公司

西宁城投环境资源开发有限公司为西宁城市投资管理有限公司全资子公司,公司成立于2010年10月,注册资本5000万元。经营范围为危险废物、医疗垃圾无害化处置;开发环境资源、环保节能、环境治理;环保节能产品的销售;提供环境科技咨询服务。

金融生态环境、外资持股与商业银行的关联贷款

外资股东的加入能否改善商业银行的治理结构是一个重要的理论和实务问题。本文利用我国商业银行的大样本数据,从关联贷款视角对这一问题进行了实证检验。研究结果显示,外资持股与关联贷款显著负相关,表明对于我国商业银行而言,外资股东的加入能够显著抑制它们的关联贷款发放行为。进一步,当金融生态环境越差时,商业银行的外资持股对关联贷款的抑制作用越强。换言之,金融生态环境与外资持殷在治理商业银行的关联贷款方面具有显著的替代效应。本文的研究丰富了商业银行的治理结构方面的文献,对我国的银行改革实践也具有借鉴意义。

Relation between Economic Development Level and Resource and Environment Carrying Capacity of Central Area of Yunnan Province Based on Decoupling Analysis

Based on the decoupiing theory and method, an indicator system was built for the relation between economic development level and resource and environment carrying capacity. And the study was carried out on decoupling degree and temporal changes of economic development level and resource and environment carrying ca- pacity in the central area of Yunnan Province. Results indicated that （i） the economic development level and resource and environment carrying capacity in the central area of Yunnan Province mainly experienced strong decoupling, weak decoupling, and ex- pansive negative coupling, and in general it was strong decoupling, and it took on re- verse ＂N＂ in temporal changes. （ii） Change rate of economic development level in the central area of Yunnan Province was greater than zero, but the amplitude of change was not large, while the change rate of resource and environment carrying capacity was negative in 2007-2008, and it was positive in the rest years; from 2007, it took on gradual expansion trend, and scissors difference gradually increased after experi- encing reverse ＂V＂ change. （iii） The strong decoupling was the main situation and it reached the peak value in T5 period and T6 pedod.

Characteristics and Measurements of Ecological Compensation in Ecosystem

This research was to introduce the characteristics of and countermeasures for ecological compensation. From the analysis of the current situation of ecological compensation, a series of characteristics of ecological compensation in resource exploitation and economic development were elaborated. The principles and practical issues are complex in ecological compensation, and the corresponding object, entity, financial system of ecological compensation are the keys to set up compensation mechanism, and studying of ecosystem service function and ecological footprint calculation are important ways to quantitatively assess ecological compensation, and are also important foundations for establishing calculation system of green GDP. Advocating the benefit compensation mechanism of ecological economy and enclosing ecological compensation principle are important ways for establishing the new environmental management pattern and manifesting social justice and the ecological civilization ideas. This research proposed some views of and approaches to ecological compensation mechanism for constructing natural resource development and utilization.The establishment of ecological compensation is an important approach to prevent the imbalance of resource allocation, the system guarantee for sustainable development, and the important basis of saving resources.

MODEL FOR CHAOS CONTROL OF REGIONAL Ec-R-Ev SYSTEM

In order to realize the coordination oriented management of the economy resource environment(Ec R Ev) composite system,its optimal aggregate coordinating measurement model is established.A self learning method is presented,which combines the optimizing technology and stability analysis together to achieve a tradeoff between the optimizing objective and system stability.So a model for chaos control of the composite system based on coordination is proposed.

Investigation on Resources Status of Wild Platycodon grandiflourus in Changbai Mountain Area

[Objective] The aim was to investigate the status of wild Platycodon grandiflourus resources in Changbai Mountain area. [ Method] The habitats and growth environment of the wild Platycodon grandiflourus were investigated, and made a collection of the germplasm resources at 24 sites in Changbai Mountain area. [ Result ] Most of the exiting wild Platycodon grandiflourus survived because of its small roots that means no value and grew in poor or remote conditions that led to much difficulty to dig. The character of wild Platycodon grandiflourus was obviously inferior to cultivated Platycodon grandiflourus. [ Condusion] This study lays a foundation for the genetic diversity analysis and the establishment of germplasm resource pool of wild Platycodon grandflourus in Changbai Mountain Area.

Natural Resources Balance Sheet:Chinese Characteristics and International Practices

This paper examines the explorations and practices of environmental- economic accounting in the international community, provides a comprehensive overview and evaluation of the nature and research progress of China＇s natural resources balance sheet, reviews the relevant systems of China＇s natural resources balance sheet and the development of ecological civilization, identifies the issues in the formulation of natural resources balance sheet and makes suggestions for improvement.

Study on Sustainable Utilization of Resources of the Damp-heat Karst Mountainous Areas in China

Damp-heat karst mountainous areas are unique areas in terms of socialeconomic development, resource endowment and eco-environment in China, where natural resources are abundant,unique and diverse. However, fragile eco-environment, undeveloped economy and culture, and conflict of human and environment should not be ignored. In the research, a framework of integration of resource-development and environment-protection in damp-heat karst was designed on basis of resource and environment integration, which was applied to Daxin County in Guangxi Province. Furthermore, some integration models were proposed, including integration of development of characteristic agricultural resources and protection of eco-environment, integration of development of manganese ore resources and protection of eco-environment, integration of development of tourism resources and protection of ecoenvironment and integration of development of clean energy and protection of eco-environment.

Research on Resources and Environmental Carrying Capacity

This paper, in the context of resources and environmental carrying capaci-ty, systematic reviewed resources and environmental carrying capacity in monitoring, evaluation and early warning, and then putted forward the development direction for promoting the sustainable development of China’s social and economic environment.

河南省人民政府关于印发河南省主要污染物排污权有偿使用和交易管理暂行办法的通知

豫政[2014]62号各省辖市、省直管县(市)人民政府,省人民政府各部门:现将《河南省主要污染物排污权有偿使用和交易管理暂行办法》印发给你们,请结合实际认真贯彻执行。河南省主要污染物排污权有偿使用和交易管理暂行办法第一章总则第一条为充分发挥市场在配置环境资源中的决定性作用,更好地发挥政府的宏观调控作用,反映环境资源的稀缺性和有偿性,促进产业结构调整,减少污染物排放,破解环境资源约束,保障经济社会持续发展,根据《河南省减少污染物排放条例》制定本办法。第二条本办法适用于本省行政区域内主要污染物排污权(以下简称排污权)

Green Tourism in Mountain Regions-Reducing Vulnerability and Promoting People and Place Centric Development in the Himalayas

In recent years, mountain regions are attracting great attention to Indian tourists in general and foreign tourists in particular. The potential mountain resources for promoting green tourism are enormous in the form of natural and cultural heritage such as biosphere reserves, flora and fauna, lakes and rivers and traditional rural resources. In order to utilise tourism industry market, uncontrolled numbers of tourists and related haphazard infrastructural facilities in the vulnerable mountain regions pose serious environmental implications. The ecological pressures are threatening land, water and wild life resources through direct and indirect environmental impacts together with generation of solid and liquid wastes, so green tourism is emerging as an important task in order to develop new relationship between communities, government agencies and private sectors. The strategy focuses on ecological understanding, environmental protection and ecodevelopment. The major attributes of the green tourism include environmental conservation and education and distribution of income to local people based on strong partnership. Various knowledge systems go a long way for achieving the goals of the green tourism, which creates awareness about the value of environmental resources. Mountains have ecological, recreational, educational and scientific values, which need to be utilised in sustainable way. Various tourist activities and facilities need to be diversified in order to achieve multiple benefits including scientific field excursion, recreation in natural and cultural areas, community festivals and sport tourisms. Green tourism considers tourism development as an integral part of a national and regional development. The paper discusses the social, economic and environmental dimensions of the green tourism with particular reference to village tourism development programme taking empirical evidences from the Himalaya. Such programme also minimises biophysical and human vulnerability and risks in mountain regions. The environmental consciousness campaign and introduction of code through multi- purpose Tourist Resource Centres are gaining currency in above context.

ESTUARINE AND COASTAL CHALLENGES IN CHINA

Estuaries and coasts are conjunctions of four spheres (atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere) and important matter and energy convergence/divergence zones, where developed economy, dense population and highly intensive exploitation induce adverse environmental changes and serious destruction of resources, which have great impacts on coastal sustainable development, especially as the highly intensive development in river basins has direct and pronounced effects on estuaries and their adjacent coasts. In the new century, China’s estuaries and coast are faced with four main challenges: sharp decrease of sediment discharge into the sea, rapid increase of pollution matter into the sea, loss of coastal wetland, and the impacts of global sea level rise on the coastal lowlands of China. Therefore, it is undoubtedly very important and urgent to carry out studies on estuarine and coastal environmental changes, in order to resolve the issue of national sustainable development, especially that of rational use of coastal zone resources.

Mountain Water Tower and Ecological Risk Estimation of the Mesta-Nestos Transboundary River Basin (Bulgaria-Greece)

The Mesta-Nestos river basin in Bulgaria and Greece is a case study for transboundary decision-making support in south-eastern Europe and a show-case for the development of methodologies and information-gathering for the integrated regional planning of water resources. Land-use conflicts in this water-scarce region cover a wide spectrum of activities like agricultural irrigation, drinking water production, diversions for industrial water, and risk of pollution from mining, to name a few examples. Measurements of the water quality were carried out in the upper basin. Results will be illustrated by the example of the environmental situation in the alpine region of the Pirin National Park as well as in the Razlog Basin with a stronger anthropogenic impact and pollution around a former uranium mine near the village of Elesnica. The social and economic development of this transboundary region is a recently established priority for mean an increase in water usage the water resources if regional the future. It will and more stress for impacts of global climate change are verified. Problem-focused management of the catchment area as a whole on the basis of proved geo-data sets is needed for the future.

Psychological capital mediates the association between nurses'practice environment and work engagement among Chinese male nurses

Objectives:This study aims to investigate the environmental and individual factors contributing to male nurses'psychological well-being and to explore the psychological mechanisms that may explain the links between nurses'practice environment and work engagement,thereby presenting the implications for nurse managers.Methods:A total of 161 male nurses from three tertiary first-class hospitals in Changsha City in China participated in the study.We collected the data using the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index,the Psychological Capital Questionnaire,and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale.Results:Scores of male nurses'practice environment(2.88±0.31),psychological capital(4.42±0.62),and work engagement(3.17±1.39)were all above the midpoint;however,the subscales"the nursing staffing and resources adequacy"(2.72±0.48),"hope"(4.33±0.72),and"dedication"(2.96±1.61)scored lowest.Nurses'practice environment and psychological capital positively predicted nurses'work engagement;psychological capital fully mediated the influence of nurses'practice environment on work engagement.Conclusions:Creating a supportive nursing practice environment can increase male nurses'work engagement by developing their psychological capital.Nurse managers can then provide reasonable workload and pathways for male nurses to achieve goals,thereby fostering their hope.

STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT ON LAND-USE PLANNING-A Case Study of Changchun Economic and Technological Zone

The study centers on the necessity,t he workflowand the synthetically in tegrated methods(Principal Compo-nentAnalysis(PCA),AndyticalHierarchy Process(AHP)andFuzzy Comprerhensive Evaluatio n(FCE))ofstrategic environ-ment assessment (SEA)on land-use planning.The whole article includes three main parts:firstly,some attribute database,graphic-base and the spatial transform matrix,which reflect the change of regional land-use pattern,can be ob-tained by GIS technique;secondly,a dopting fitting method of trend-sur face analysis will convert environm ent monitoring data from scattered spots to regular control spots,based on which we can p erform regional environment impact assess-ment;finally,Changchun Economic a nd Technological Developmen Zone is chosen as a case study on land-use pla nning.Through those efforts the results ma y be obtained as follows:1)according to transform matrix,the p ossibility of transforma-tion from one land-use to another can be obtained after the planning is carried out;2)environment quality would change as a result of the change of land-use p attern;3)the SEA on land-use plan is an effecti ve tool to make land-use pattern more reasonable.

Sustainability Evaluation of Different Systems for Sea Cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus) Farming Based on Emergy Theory

Emergy analysis is effective for analyzing ecological economic systems. However, the accuracy of the approach is af- fected by the diversity of economic level, meteorological and hydrological parameters in different regions. The present study evalu- ated the economic benefits, environmental impact, and sustainability of indoor, semi-intensive and extensive farming systems of sea cucumber （Apostichopus japonicus） in the same region. The results showed that A. japonicus indoor farming system was high in input and output （yield） whereas pond extensive farming system was low in input and output. The output/input ratio of indoor fann- ing system was lower than that of pond extensive farming system, and the output/input ratio of semi-intensive farming system fell in between them. The environmental loading ratio of A.japonicus extensive fanning system was lower than that of indoor farming sys- tem. In addition, the emergy yield and emergy exchange ratios, and emergy sustainability and emergy indexes for sustainable devel- opment were higher in extensive farming system than those in indoor farming system. These results indicated that the current exten- sive farming system exerted fewer negative influences on the environment, made more efficient use of available resources, and met more sustainable development requirements than the indoor farming system. A. japonicus farming systems showed more emergy benefits than fish fanning systems. The pond fanning systems ofA. japonicus exploited more free local environmental resources for production, caused less potential pressure on the local environment, and achieved higher sustainability than indoor farming system.