Climate change will lead to a significant alteration in the temporal and spatial pattern variation in the regional hydrological cycle, and the subsequent lack of water, environmental deterioration, floods and droughts...Climate change will lead to a significant alteration in the temporal and spatial pattern variation in the regional hydrological cycle, and the subsequent lack of water, environmental deterioration, floods and droughts etc. And it is especially remarkable in semi-humid and semi-arid region. In this paper, the impacts of climate change on the hydrological cycle were analyzed for the Hai River Basin, a semi-humid and semi-arid basin and also the water receiving area of the middle route of South-to-North Water Diversion project. Meanwhile it is the most vulnerable to climate change. Firstly, the linear regression and Mann-Kendall non-parametric test methods were used to analyze the change characteristics of the hydrological and meteorological elements for the period from 1960 to 2009. The results show a significant increase in temperature, while precipitation decreases slightly, and runoff decreases drastically over the past 50 years. Secondly, the applicability of SWAT （Soil and Water Assessment Tool） model based on the DEM （Digital Elevation Model）, land use and soil type was verified in the basin. Results show the model performs well in this basin. Furthermore, the water balance model, Fu＇s theory and Koichiro＇s theory were used to calculate the actual evaporation, comparing to the simulated actual evaporation by SWAT model to validate the result for the lack of large-scale observed evaporation datasets. Possible reasons were also analyzed to explore the reasonable factor for the decline of the runoff. Finally the precipitation, temperature, runoff and evaporation response processes based on the IPCC AR4 multi-mode climate models and the verified SWAT model under different GHG emission scenarios （SRES-A2, AIB and B1） in the 21st century were discussed in three time periods： 2020s （2011-2040）, 20S0s （2041-2070）, 2080s （2071-2099）. Results show that there are systematic positive trends for precipitation and temperature while the trends for runoff and evaporation will differ among sub-areas. The results will offer some references for adaptive water management in a changing environment, also including adaptation of a cross-basin water transfer project.展开更多
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China(2010CB428406)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41071025/40730632)MWR Commonweal Project (200801001)
文摘Climate change will lead to a significant alteration in the temporal and spatial pattern variation in the regional hydrological cycle, and the subsequent lack of water, environmental deterioration, floods and droughts etc. And it is especially remarkable in semi-humid and semi-arid region. In this paper, the impacts of climate change on the hydrological cycle were analyzed for the Hai River Basin, a semi-humid and semi-arid basin and also the water receiving area of the middle route of South-to-North Water Diversion project. Meanwhile it is the most vulnerable to climate change. Firstly, the linear regression and Mann-Kendall non-parametric test methods were used to analyze the change characteristics of the hydrological and meteorological elements for the period from 1960 to 2009. The results show a significant increase in temperature, while precipitation decreases slightly, and runoff decreases drastically over the past 50 years. Secondly, the applicability of SWAT （Soil and Water Assessment Tool） model based on the DEM （Digital Elevation Model）, land use and soil type was verified in the basin. Results show the model performs well in this basin. Furthermore, the water balance model, Fu＇s theory and Koichiro＇s theory were used to calculate the actual evaporation, comparing to the simulated actual evaporation by SWAT model to validate the result for the lack of large-scale observed evaporation datasets. Possible reasons were also analyzed to explore the reasonable factor for the decline of the runoff. Finally the precipitation, temperature, runoff and evaporation response processes based on the IPCC AR4 multi-mode climate models and the verified SWAT model under different GHG emission scenarios （SRES-A2, AIB and B1） in the 21st century were discussed in three time periods： 2020s （2011-2040）, 20S0s （2041-2070）, 2080s （2071-2099）. Results show that there are systematic positive trends for precipitation and temperature while the trends for runoff and evaporation will differ among sub-areas. The results will offer some references for adaptive water management in a changing environment, also including adaptation of a cross-basin water transfer project.
