建筑外墙最佳保温厚度及环境影响研究

建筑外墙保温能有效地减少建筑能耗,从而减少因能源消耗而引起的环境污染问题.本文用多层墙体非稳态传热模型进行能耗计算,并用P1-P2经济性模型分析居住建筑外墙的生命周期成本,预测4个朝向2种常用保温材料的最佳保温层厚度和节能效益.同时,提出等价燃煤量方法,分别计算最佳保温层厚度和不保温情况下的CO_2和SO_2排放量,并分析应用最佳保温层厚度的减排潜力.以长沙地区为例,结果表明,保温层最佳厚度范围为0.08~0.13m,生命周期最大净现值为116.26~133.45元/m^2,投资回收年限为3.1~3.5年.根据性价指标,膨胀聚苯乙烯比挤塑聚苯乙烯更具经济优越性.当采用最佳保温层厚度时,CO_2的排放量减少了17.4~19.51kg/(m^2 a),SO_2的排放量减少了0.036~0.04kg/(m^2 a),污染气体的排放量能减少了75.8%~78.6%.

On the Blowing-up Behaviours for Nonlirear Wave Equations

This paper deals with the initial-boundary value mixed problems for nonlinear wave equations. By introducing the 'blowing-up facts K(u,u_i)', We may discuss the blowing up behaviours of solutions in finite time to the mixed problems with respect to Neumann boundary and Dirichlet boundary for various nonlinear conditions and initial value conditions which usually meet.