目的探讨疫情期间基于现场实时监测(on-site real-time monitoring,ORM)系统的问题教学法(problem based learning,PBL)在基层卫生士官培训中的应用效果。方法将48名基层卫生士官随机分成两组,观察组24名应用基于现场实时监测系统的PBL...目的探讨疫情期间基于现场实时监测(on-site real-time monitoring,ORM)系统的问题教学法(problem based learning,PBL)在基层卫生士官培训中的应用效果。方法将48名基层卫生士官随机分成两组,观察组24名应用基于现场实时监测系统的PBL教学模式进行培训,对照组24名进行网络平台授课(钉钉软件)模式进行培训,课程结束时比较学习成绩和问卷调查结果,评估两组培训效果的差异。结果观察组在问卷调查结果及考试总成绩两方面均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于现场实时监测系统的PBL教学法优于普通网课模式,疫情期间的远程教学效果良好,优势明显,提升卫生士官分析、解决问题能力的同时提高了自主学习能力和积极性,在基层卫生士官的远程培训上有一定的应用前景。展开更多
In order to provide a reliable basis for wind resistant evaluation of a long-span suspension bridge, a structural health monitoring system is installed on a bridge in the East China Sea and the simultaneous wind data ...In order to provide a reliable basis for wind resistant evaluation of a long-span suspension bridge, a structural health monitoring system is installed on a bridge in the East China Sea and the simultaneous wind data at the bridge deck and at the top of the bridge tower are recorded. The average wind speeds and directions, variations of wind speeds with height, turbulent characteristics, spatial correlation and characteristics of wind flow around the bridge deck are analyzed by using statistical methods and spectral analysis. It is found that the average wind speeds along the bridge girder are almost identical; however, the mean wind directions vary greatly at different locations. The dimensionless exponent decreases as the average wind speed increases. The measured turbulence intensities are greater than the recommended values, and the turbulence power spectrum can well fit the standard spectrum. However, the measured spectral values are considerably smaller in low frequency ranges. The mean wind speed of the wake flow decreases and the turbulence intensity increases significantly, and the spectral characteristics of the wake flow change obviously while the feature frequency of vortex shedding has not yet been observed.展开更多
The strong wind characteristics of the Runyang Suspension Bridge（ RSB） including the wind speed and direction, the turbulence intensity, the turbulence integral length and power spectrum are analyzed based on measur...The strong wind characteristics of the Runyang Suspension Bridge（ RSB） including the wind speed and direction, the turbulence intensity, the turbulence integral length and power spectrum are analyzed based on measurement data from the wind environment monitoring subsystem of the structural health monitoring system （SHMS）of the RSB and field tests during strong winds. The differences between the typhoon and the strong northern wind are especially studied. It is found that the mean wind speed of the strong northern wind is a little smaller and the mean wind direction is more stable than that of the typhoon. The turbulence intensity of both the typhoon and the strong northern wind is greater than the values suggested in Chinese code, and the turbulence integral length difference between the typhoon and a strong northern wind is not clear. As for the along-wind turbulence power spectrum, the spectrum of the strong northern wind can fit the Kaimal spectrum better than that of the typhoon. The obtained results can provide measurement data for founding a strong wind characteristic database and determining the strong wind characteristic parameter values of the RSB.展开更多
文摘目的探讨疫情期间基于现场实时监测(on-site real-time monitoring,ORM)系统的问题教学法(problem based learning,PBL)在基层卫生士官培训中的应用效果。方法将48名基层卫生士官随机分成两组,观察组24名应用基于现场实时监测系统的PBL教学模式进行培训,对照组24名进行网络平台授课(钉钉软件)模式进行培训,课程结束时比较学习成绩和问卷调查结果,评估两组培训效果的差异。结果观察组在问卷调查结果及考试总成绩两方面均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于现场实时监测系统的PBL教学法优于普通网课模式,疫情期间的远程教学效果良好,优势明显,提升卫生士官分析、解决问题能力的同时提高了自主学习能力和积极性,在基层卫生士官的远程培训上有一定的应用前景。
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.90815022, 50808160)
文摘In order to provide a reliable basis for wind resistant evaluation of a long-span suspension bridge, a structural health monitoring system is installed on a bridge in the East China Sea and the simultaneous wind data at the bridge deck and at the top of the bridge tower are recorded. The average wind speeds and directions, variations of wind speeds with height, turbulent characteristics, spatial correlation and characteristics of wind flow around the bridge deck are analyzed by using statistical methods and spectral analysis. It is found that the average wind speeds along the bridge girder are almost identical; however, the mean wind directions vary greatly at different locations. The dimensionless exponent decreases as the average wind speed increases. The measured turbulence intensities are greater than the recommended values, and the turbulence power spectrum can well fit the standard spectrum. However, the measured spectral values are considerably smaller in low frequency ranges. The mean wind speed of the wake flow decreases and the turbulence intensity increases significantly, and the spectral characteristics of the wake flow change obviously while the feature frequency of vortex shedding has not yet been observed.
基金The National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863Program) (No.2006AA04Z416)the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50538020)+2 种基金the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.50725828)the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Young Scholars(No.50608017)the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (No.200802861012)
文摘The strong wind characteristics of the Runyang Suspension Bridge（ RSB） including the wind speed and direction, the turbulence intensity, the turbulence integral length and power spectrum are analyzed based on measurement data from the wind environment monitoring subsystem of the structural health monitoring system （SHMS）of the RSB and field tests during strong winds. The differences between the typhoon and the strong northern wind are especially studied. It is found that the mean wind speed of the strong northern wind is a little smaller and the mean wind direction is more stable than that of the typhoon. The turbulence intensity of both the typhoon and the strong northern wind is greater than the values suggested in Chinese code, and the turbulence integral length difference between the typhoon and a strong northern wind is not clear. As for the along-wind turbulence power spectrum, the spectrum of the strong northern wind can fit the Kaimal spectrum better than that of the typhoon. The obtained results can provide measurement data for founding a strong wind characteristic database and determining the strong wind characteristic parameter values of the RSB.
