《放生杀生现报录》考辨

江永是清代一位醇正的儒家学者,其学以矫正宋明理学空疏之弊而溯求于上古典章制度,开创了"皖派"学术的一代新风。然而,江谦托名其祖江永的一部《放生杀生现报录》,既有损于这位粹然儒者的学术形象,也影响了世人对于乾嘉考据学者经术致用的切实印象。

The Teachers＇ Feedback Act Research of College English Classes

The Follow up Move Research has been deepening after it was first defined in 1975 by Sinclair and Coulthard, but it has not been paid attention in China, let alone study its effect in the classroom. In this essay based on the author＇s literature reading, the Follow up move functions and their language features are classified; its pragmatic motivations are researched and some factors which affect its relevance of occurrence are studied. Then with this guide of the frame four teachers classroom follow up moves are studied. Finally, the other scholars＇ findings in this field are commented and then the author＇s own insights are put forward.

Music of the Arab-Anglicans in Israel： Dynamics of Ethno-Religious Identity

The paper focuses on music of the contemporary Arab-Anglican communities in Israel in their dynamics over the last years. The analysis is based on field recordings and other ethnography collected by the author in 2006-2011. The music of the contemporary Arab-Anglican churches in Israel comprises different styles, which might be decoded as indices of group identity, and transmits different signifiers of belonging to diverse branches of the contemporary world Anglican tradition. A remarkable feature of this Christian community is the ongoing shift of subaltern identities when their most ＂Western＂ component--association with a particular sub-division of the Church--receives its musical expression by means of ＂local motif＇, that is, the tunes associated with regional repertories. The dynamics of ethno-religious identity of Arab-Anglicans in Israel manifests itself through several tendencies, such as ecumenical tendency and some other trends. Though the study is situated in the context of an interdisciplinary academic discourse, music is the main text addressed. ＂Reading＂ this music allowed the author to uncover tenets, trends, and interrelations within the communities under study.

Hyper-real Narratives： The Emergence of Contemporary Film Subgenres

The scope of this paper is to investigate a number of emerging contemporary popular subgenres, namely that of ＂mumblecore film＂, the ＂best-worst film＂ and ＂the gonzo documentary＂. Unlike historical cinematic movements, these subgenres are the result of our techocentric culture and commercialism. In this respect these subgenres are less motivated by a collective ideology, but rather a cultural phenomenon resulting from increased access to popular culture, hypermedia devices, social media, and new marketing techniques. This paper investigates the displacement of traditional models of temporality through the metamorphosis of today＇s audiovisual culture, outlining the subject＇s embodiment of voyeurism and exhibitionism, ushering in a hyper-real era of self-myth making and consumption.

RNA INTERFERENCE OF ANNEXIN II GENE IN PC3 CELLS BY USING SMALL INTERFERENCE RNA SYNTHESIZED WITH IN VITRO TRANSCRIPTION

Objective To silence annexin Ⅱ gene expression by using small interference RNA （siRNA） in prostate cancer cell line PC3. Methods For in vitro transcription, four sequences of 29-nucleotide DNA template oligonucleotides were designed, and one pair of the sequences were complementary to annexin Ⅱ gene. The other pair was negative control. The 8 nucleotides at the 3＇ end of each oligonucleotide were complementary to the T7 Promoter Primer. The sense and anti-sense siRNA templates were transcribed by T7 RNA polymerase and the resulting RNA transcripts were hybridized to create dsRNA. The siRNA was transfected into prostate cancer cell PC3. For assaying the efficiency of siRNA, confocal microscopy, Northern blotting, and Western blotting were employed to examine the expression of annexin Ⅱ protein and its mRNA. ^3H thymidine was used to measure DNA synthesis. Results The siRNA sequence specific to annexin Ⅱ gene was capable of inhibiting the expression of annexin Ⅱ protein and its mRNA. And cellular DNA synthesis was significantly reduced in siRNA transfected cells.Conclusions The protocol for the synthesis of siRNA by T7 RNA polymerase is feasible. Annexin Ⅱ might be involved in DNA synthesis.

The Code-Switching Dimension of Guided Fantasies in Young Learner L2 Classroom

The paper reports on a study of young L2 （second language） English learners＇ dual code use as activated through a series of specially designed guided fantasies. The original concept of guided fantasies as a monolingually organised relaxation technique was extended to the area of bilingual reception and production. The goal was to examine the relationship between child imaginative faculty and a tendency to transfer understandings across the L1 （first language） and L2. The research consisted in exposing a class of I 0 nine-year-old children to eight guided fantasies expected to playfully attract their conscious attention to language properties and enable them to profit from L1 knowledge in L2 learning. The data were collected through the heuristically oriented qualitative study drawing on participant observation accompanied by field notes and recordings of student behaviours. The findings highlighted guided fantasies in their redefined form as a useful tool for encouraging young learners to rely on L 1 competence in making sense of L2 underlying principles.

Second Language Repertoires Reflecting on Teaching IsiXhosa to Medical Students

The Language Policy for Higher Education （2002） and University of Cape Town＇s Language Plan （2001） suggest that language is central to our social and academic engagement at every level： to our communication with those around us, to our learning, and to our identities. The purpose of this paper is to show how the medical school, after making progress towards implementing the University of Cape Town＇s Language Plan of 2001, is compelled to encourage isiXhosa language developers to develop the necessary and relevant vocabulary responding to the needs of the target users. In some cases, there is a need to adopt terms that are already available and being used by the speech community to align them in the curriculum. Research conducted by analyzing field notes, having plenary discussions with students, observations during clinical practice, reflecting on the curriculum and study materials material. Results indicated the significance of teaching isiXhosa drawing from the medical jargon understood amongst patients, doctors, and nurses. This paper discusses the status enjoyed by isiXhosa to date, language teaching and teaching matters pertaining to isiXhosa, and reflection on whether there is benefit in learning isiXhosa.

Extracolonic findings of computed tomographic colonography in Koreans

AIM:To determine the frequency and characteristics of extracolonic lesions detected using computed tomographic(CT)colonography.METHODS:The significance of extracolonic lesions was classified as high,intermediate,or low.Medical records were reviewed to establish whether further investigations were carried out pertaining to the extracolonic lesions that were detected by CT colonography.RESULTS:A total of 920 cases from 7 university hospitals were included,and 692 extracolonic findings were found in 532(57.8%)patients.Of 692 extracolonic findings,60 lesions(8.7%)were highly significant,250(36.1%)were of intermediate significance,and 382(55.2%)were of low significance.CT colonography revealed fewer extracolonic findings in subjects who were without symptoms(P<0.001),younger(P<0.001),or who underwent CT colonography with no contrast enhancement(P=0.005).CT colonography with contrast enhancement showed higher cost-effectiveness in detecting highly significant extracolonic lesions in older subjects and in subjects with symptoms.CONCLUSION:Most of the extracolonic findings detected using CT colonography were of less significant lesions.The role of CT colonography would be optimized if this procedure was performed with contrast enhancement in symptomatic older subjects.

Public Building Supervisors＇ Assessment of Site Progress Record Keeping Practices in Abuja, Nigeria

The importance of good site progress records in quality assurance; tracking project progress; preparing, analyzing and resolving claims; and placing responsibilities in the event of dispute in building contracts is widely recognized. This study engaged Public Building Supervisors in the assessment of site progress record keeping practices in Abuja. A simple structured questionnaire （which mainly assessed the nature and importance of records kept, reasons for keeping them; level of satisfaction with the current approach, challenges and practical ways of improving the practice） was administrated to a hundred of the supervisors, out of which seventy one was properly completed and returned. The results show that all five site progress documents （minutes of progress meetings, day-work sheets, photographs, weekly site records and personal site diaries） found in literature, are in use in Abuja, and have at least a high importance rating （i.e., relative importance index, 0.6 〈 RII 〈 0.8）. Prominent among the reasons for keeping the records are： control of ongoing work （R11 = 0.83） data for estimating future works and terms of contract requirement （each with RII = 0.823）. Though the present record keeping practices were largely assessed satisfactory, 95% of the Supervisors still yearned for improvement. The challenges to the current practice are consistent with those identified in literature and are： continuity consistency, legibility and accountability; in descending order of frequency of occurrence. Computerization, regular inspection of progress documents by assigned supervisors and in-house training of site staff are recommended for improving the record keeping practices.

MicroRNAs identification and bioinformatics analysis in large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea using an integrated comparative and ab initio approach

MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are a group of small, endogenous, single-stranded non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression levels. Previous studies have revealed that miRNAs play key roles in multiple biological processes, such as growth and development in both animals and plants. Computational identification is an efficient method for miRNA prediction in organisms with a reference genome before high-throughput miRNA sequencing experiments. In this study, we employed an integrated strategy combining the homology-based and ab initio approaches to predict miRNAs from the genome and transcriptome of large yellow croaker, one of the most commercially important marine fish in China and East Asia. A total of 418 miRNA molecules, including 287 miRNAs by the homology-based method and 131 miRNAs by the ab initio approach, were identified for large yellow croaker. Additionally, 16 053 target genes were predicted and annotated for Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) databases. Meanwhile, we analysed single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) around large yellow croaker miRNA and found that the miRNA seed regions were significantly less prone to mutations, indicating that the miRNA sequences were under strict natural selection based on their essential regulation functions in living cells. Twenty-two SNPs were identified in large yellow croaker miRNA seed regions, which dramatically influenced the miRNA-gene regulation networks. This is the first reported miRNA detection from both the genome and transcriptome using the integrated strategy for large yellow croaker species, and the miRNA and SNP analyses in this work provide important resources and a reference for subsequent miRNA functional investigations in large yellow croaker.

A Recording Experience

The paper deals with the experience of documenting large industrial sites. The preservation of large industrial sites in situ is rarely an option. Alternatively, an industrial site can be subjected to documentation, in order to achieve some forms of preservation by record. Preferably, industrial sites are best understood while in operation. Practical and methodological considerations in choosing adequate approaches to process recording, as well as the experience of documenting both a living industrial heritage in the form of a mining site in operation and an abandoned mining site in decay are discussed with reference to a pragmatic approach to documentation of industrial sites.

The phenotype and activation status of regulatory T cells during Friend retrovirus infection

The suppressive capacity of regulatory T cells （Tregs） has been extensively studied and is well established for many diseases.The expansion,accumulation,and activation of Tregs in viral infections are of major interest in order to find ways to alter Treg functions for therapeutic benefit.Tregs are able to dampen effector T cell responses to viral infections and thereby contribute to the establishment of a chronic infection.In the Friend retrovirus （FV） mouse model,Tregs are known to expand in all infected organs.To better understand the characteristics of these Treg populations,their phenotype was analyzed in detail.During acute FV-infection,Tregs became activated in the spleen and bone marrow,as indicated by various T cell activation markers,such as CD43 and CD103.Interestingly,Tregs in the bone marrow,which contains the highest viral loads during acute infection,displayed greater levels of activation than Tregs from the spleen.Treg expansion was driven by proliferation but no FV-specific Tregs could be detected.Activated Tregs in FV-infection did not produce Granzyme B （GzmB） or tumor necrosis factor α （TNFα）,which are thought to be a potential mechanism for their suppressive activity.Furthermore,Tregs expressed inhibitory markers,such as TIM3,PD-1 and PD-L1.Blocking TIM3 and PD-L1 with antibodies during chronic FV-infection increased the numbers of activated Tregs.These data may have important implications for the understanding of Treg functions during chronic viral infections.

Short-and Long-Term Response of Phytoplankton to ENSO in Prydz Bay, Antarctica: Evidences from Field Measurements, Remote Sensing Data and Stratigraphic Biomarker Records

The study provides one of the first lines of evidence showing linkages between Antarctic phytoplankton abundance and composition in response to ENSO, based on historical reconstruction of sediment biomarkers. In addition to sediment biomarkers, field measured and remote sensing data of phytoplankton abundance were also recorded from Prydz Bay, Eastern Antarctica. Com-munity structure of field measured phytoplankton showed significant El Ni？o/La Ni？a-related succession during 1990 to 2002. In general, the number of algae species decreased during El Ni？o and La Ni？a years compared to normal years. Austral summer monthly variation of remotely sensed chlorophyll-a （Chl-a）, particulate organic carbon （POC）, and sea surface temperature （SST） indicated that ENSO impacted the timing of phytoplankton blooms during 2007 to 2011. Phytoplankton blooms （indicated by Chl-a and POC） preceded the increases in SST during El Ni？o years, and lagged behind the SST increases during La Ni？a years. Stratigraphic record of marine sedimentary lipid （brassicasterol, dinosterol and alkenones） biomarkers inferred that the proportions of different algae （diatoms, dinoflagellates and haptophytes） changed significantly between El Ni？o and La Ni？a events. The relative proportion of diatoms increased, with that of dinoflagellates being decreased during El Ni？o years, while it was reversed during La Ni？a years.

北周《宇文瓘墓志》考释

1987年,在长安县郭杜镇岔道口村北鱼池,出土了一方北朝宇文璀墓志。北周宣政元年(578)四月二十四日刊石。志盖呈覆斗形,顶边长、宽各48厘米,底边长、宽各57厘米,顶面减底阳刻篆书'大周仪同建安子之铭'3行9字,四杀素面。志石正方形,边长各57厘米,厚11厘米。志文30行,行31字,正书。现录文如下,并略加考释。

唐《刘府君夫人罗氏墓志》考释

《刘府君夫人罗氏墓志》为私人所藏,出土地点当在今长安区郭杜镇一带,出土时间不详。友人得墓志拓片(见图),笔者有幸赏读,文辞华美,书体劲健,且有一定史料价值。拓片长60厘米,宽59厘米,志文30行,满行29字,楷书。现录文标点并做初步考释。大周唐故地官□□刘府君夫人罗氏墓志夫人讳四无量,河南人也,原夫始祖,出自文命,□启胙于□□。

唐《杨志廉墓志》考证

《杨志廉墓志》于1956年在西安南郊出土,石现藏于陕西省西安市小雁塔保管所。志石呈正方形,长、宽均为86厘米,志文行书,43行,满行43字。志盖呈覆斗形,长、宽均为88厘米,盝顶题篆书,四行,行3字,为《唐故扬州大都督杨公墓志铭》。

元耀州知州《冯时泰墓志铭》考释

西安碑林博物馆收藏有元代耀州知州《冯时泰墓志铭》~①,冯氏自元世祖至元十三年起任耀州太守数年,其事迹史志无载。墓志铭提及其曾任京兆路劝农官、三白渠副使等职,并涉及中统二年南宋泸州军民降蒙的细节内容,具有一定补史作用。现录文并加以浅释。一、墓志基本情况及录文志石呈四方形,高64厘米,宽60厘米,缺盖。铭文共33行,满行36字,楷书。

高淳出土明湖广按察司副使韩叔阳墓志考

2009年,高淳县文物保管所于高淳县古柏镇凤山韩村发现韩叔阳墓志。该墓志青石质地,方形,边长64厘米。志文楷书,共45行,满行48字,部分字迹磨损严重,漶漫不清。主要记载了凤山韩氏家族重要成员韩叔阳的生平事迹,是研究地方史和宗族文化的重要资料。现录文并考释如下。

A STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF PROFICIENCY LEVELS IN PAIRED TAPE-MEDIATED ORAL TESTS

本文将受试者口语水平的影响作为研究重点,旨在研究成对角色扮演录音口语测试中不同口语水平的受试者对同一组受试者的表现是否产生影响。研究结果表明:低分组受试者,受到同伴水平高低的影响。低分组和高分组受试者进行口试时,低分组的测试分数和语言的语法正确性都有所提高。然而,在语法的复杂程度方面没有显著性差异。高分组受试者和高分组或低分组同伴进行口试时,测试分数、语言语法正确性及复杂程度均没有显著性变化。