In this study,a clew-like ZnO superstructure was synthesized by a copolymer-controlled self-assembly homogeneous precipitation method. Ni was impregnated to the clew-like ZnO superstructure to obtain Ni/ZnO adsorbents...In this study,a clew-like ZnO superstructure was synthesized by a copolymer-controlled self-assembly homogeneous precipitation method. Ni was impregnated to the clew-like ZnO superstructure to obtain Ni/ZnO adsorbents.The synthesized materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,N_2 sorption,X-ray diffraction,Fourier transform infrared spectrometry,and H2-temperature programmed reduction techniques. The reactive adsorption desulfurization（RADS）performance of the adsorbents was evaluated in a fixed bed reactor using thiophene in n-octane as a model fuel. Sample Ni/ZnO-4h exhibits a remarkably high performance with a sulfur capacity of 189.1 mg S g^（-1）,which is above 6 times that of the one prepared with commercial ZnO. Characterization results show that the morphology changes from micro-clews to large solid sticks with the increase of the crystallization time.The loose and open architecture of the clew-like ZnO superstructure facilitates the diffusion of reactants/products,and prevents the adsorbent particles from breakage by supplying space for the volume expansion during the RADS process. The small nanoparticles in ZnO nanostrips result in a high sulfur adsorption capacity and also favor the dispersion of Ni,leading to an excellent RADS performance.展开更多
The robust porous architectures of active materials are highly desired for oxygen electrodes in lithium–oxygen batteries to enable high capacities and excellent reversibility. Herein, we report a novel three-dimensio...The robust porous architectures of active materials are highly desired for oxygen electrodes in lithium–oxygen batteries to enable high capacities and excellent reversibility. Herein, we report a novel three-dimensional replication strategy to fabricate three-dimensional architecture of porous carbon for oxygen electrodes in lithium–oxygen batteries. As a demonstration, ball-flower-like carbon microspheres assembled with tortuous hollow carbon nanosheets are successfully prepared by completely replicating the morphology of the nanostructured zinc oxide template and utilizing the polydopamine coating layer as the carbon source.When used as the active material for oxygen electrodes, the three-dimensional porous architecture of the prepared ballflower-like carbon microspheres can accommodate the discharge product lithium peroxide and simultaneously maintain the ions and gas diffusion paths. Moreover, their high degrees of defectiveness by nitrogen doping provide sufficient active sites for oxygen reduction/evolution reaction.Thus the prepared ball-flower-like carbon microspheres demonstrate a high capacity of 9,163.7 mA h g-1 and excellent reversibility. This work presents an effective way to prepare three-dimensional architectures of porous carbon by replicating the controllable nanostructures of transition metal oxide templates for energy storage and conversion applications.展开更多
基金supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and China National Petroleum Corporation(U1362202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51601223 and 21206195)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(17CX05018,17CX02056 and YCX2017039)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2012BM014)the project sponsored by Scientific Research Foundation for Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars
文摘In this study,a clew-like ZnO superstructure was synthesized by a copolymer-controlled self-assembly homogeneous precipitation method. Ni was impregnated to the clew-like ZnO superstructure to obtain Ni/ZnO adsorbents.The synthesized materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,N_2 sorption,X-ray diffraction,Fourier transform infrared spectrometry,and H2-temperature programmed reduction techniques. The reactive adsorption desulfurization（RADS）performance of the adsorbents was evaluated in a fixed bed reactor using thiophene in n-octane as a model fuel. Sample Ni/ZnO-4h exhibits a remarkably high performance with a sulfur capacity of 189.1 mg S g^（-1）,which is above 6 times that of the one prepared with commercial ZnO. Characterization results show that the morphology changes from micro-clews to large solid sticks with the increase of the crystallization time.The loose and open architecture of the clew-like ZnO superstructure facilitates the diffusion of reactants/products,and prevents the adsorbent particles from breakage by supplying space for the volume expansion during the RADS process. The small nanoparticles in ZnO nanostrips result in a high sulfur adsorption capacity and also favor the dispersion of Ni,leading to an excellent RADS performance.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21673169 and 51672205)the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFA0202602)+1 种基金the Research Start-Up Fund from Wuhan University of Technologythe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WUT: 2017IB005, 2016IVA083)
文摘The robust porous architectures of active materials are highly desired for oxygen electrodes in lithium–oxygen batteries to enable high capacities and excellent reversibility. Herein, we report a novel three-dimensional replication strategy to fabricate three-dimensional architecture of porous carbon for oxygen electrodes in lithium–oxygen batteries. As a demonstration, ball-flower-like carbon microspheres assembled with tortuous hollow carbon nanosheets are successfully prepared by completely replicating the morphology of the nanostructured zinc oxide template and utilizing the polydopamine coating layer as the carbon source.When used as the active material for oxygen electrodes, the three-dimensional porous architecture of the prepared ballflower-like carbon microspheres can accommodate the discharge product lithium peroxide and simultaneously maintain the ions and gas diffusion paths. Moreover, their high degrees of defectiveness by nitrogen doping provide sufficient active sites for oxygen reduction/evolution reaction.Thus the prepared ball-flower-like carbon microspheres demonstrate a high capacity of 9,163.7 mA h g-1 and excellent reversibility. This work presents an effective way to prepare three-dimensional architectures of porous carbon by replicating the controllable nanostructures of transition metal oxide templates for energy storage and conversion applications.
