理想自聚焦棒透镜和Maxwell鱼眼微球透镜对有限远物点成像及球差

本文用变折射率介质中的光线理论研究了具有双曲正割折射率分布的理想自聚焦棒透镜对有限远物点成像的像距及其纵、横向球差的计算公式。并将它与Ｍａｘｗｅｌｌ鱼眼微球透镜对有限远物点的成像作对比。严格的数值计算结果表明：两类透镜的纵、横向球差都随折射率梯度的增强而减小。弱梯度时棒透镜比球镜的球差小；但强梯度短物距时球透镜可达到比棒透镜的球差小一、两个数量级。

眼用微球制剂研究进展

眼用微球制剂具有普通、应答性、原位胶化、离子交换等多种类型。了解其作用特点和制备中的一些问题,可以更合理地将微球应用到眼科疾病的治疗中。

局部点眼和球结膜下注射与角膜基质内注射抗真菌药物治疗真菌性角膜炎的疗效比较研究

目的比较局部点眼、球结膜下注射与角膜基质内注射抗真菌药物治疗真菌性角膜炎的临床疗效。方法选取荆州市妇幼保健院2014年2月—2017年2月收治的真菌性角膜炎患者90例,采用随机数字表法分为A组与B组,各45例(90眼)。A组患者予以局部点眼、球结膜下注射抗真菌药物治疗,B组患者予以角膜基质内注射抗真菌药物治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效、不良反应发生情况。结果 B组患者总有效率为95.55%,高于A组的53.33%(P<0.05)。B组患者不良反应发生率为2.22%,低于A组的17.77%(P<0.05)。结论角膜基质内注射抗真菌药物治疗真菌性角膜炎的临床疗效优于局部点眼、球结膜下注射,且安全性较高。

Exploration of Methods for Preparation of Cattle Eyeball Paraffin Sections

[Objective] This study aimed to establish a new method for preparing paraffin sections of cattle eyebal s. [Method] The conventional method was used to prepare paraffin sections for cattle eyebal s in the control and a new method termed＆quot;opening a window on cornea and refixation＆quot; was used to prepare paraffin sections for cattle eyebal s in the treatment group. [Result] After the prepared specimens in the treatment group were fixed, it could be macroscopical y observed that retina and choroid were closely connected, with detachment occurring at a smal portion be-tween the two. According to the paraffin sections, it was microscopical y observed that the continuity of trabecular meshwork was intact, as wel as the continuity be-tween different layers of eyebal wal , without detachment between them, no retinal detachment, no shrinkage of each layer of tissue cells. [Conclusion] This study pro-vides a foundation for the basic research and pathological study of eyebal s.

The Chemical Constituents from the Bulbs of Ornithogalum caudatum

A new natural product (1) together with 26 know compounds were isolated from the Bulbs of Ornithogalum caudatum. Their structures were established on the basis of spectral analyses as n-butyl pyroglutamate (1), nonadecyl alcohol(2), eicosanol(3), behenic acid(4), b-sitosterol(5), stigmasterol(6), glycerol 1-monocerotate(7), pyrocatechol(8), p-ethoxybenzoic acid(9), p-coumarinic acid(10), protocatechuric acid(11), ursolic acid(12), betulinic acid(13), fumaric acid(14), succinic acid(15), uracil(16), xanthine(17), quercetin(18), kaempferol (19), isorham-netin(20), adenosine(21), daucosterol(22), stigmasterol 3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside(23), quercetin 3-O-b-D-glucopyra-noside(24), kaempferol 3-O-b-D-glucopyranoside(25), rutin(26), and kaempferol 3-O-b-rutinoside(27). All of them, except compound 5, were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Eye movements during inspecting pictures of natural scenes for information to verify sentences

As eye tracking can be used to record moment-to-moment changes of eye movements as people inspect pictures of natural scenes and comprehend information, this paper attempts to use eye-movement technology to investigate how the order of presentation and the characteristics of information affect the semantic mismatch effect in the picture-sentence paradigm. A 3（syntax）×2（semantic relation） factorial design is adopted, with syntax and semantic relations as within-participant variables. The experiment finds that the semantic mismatch is most likely to increase cognitive loads as people have to spend more time, including first-pass time, regression path duration, and total fixation duration. Double negation does not significantly increase the processing difficulty of pictures and information. Experimental results show that people can extract the special syntactic strategy from long-term memory to process pictures and sentences with different semantic relations. It enables readers to comprehend double negation as affirmation. These results demonstrate that the constituent comparison model may not be a general model regarding other languages.

深圳报业大厦钢结构施工技术

大厦钢结构包括门厅、球眼和桅杆三个部分，介绍钢结构件的制作工艺及安装技术。

后WTO时代:一个真正竞争时代

只有一个中文单词可以预示WTO代表的趋势,那就是“全球化”。 始于20世纪初的全球化,曾引发了两次世界大战。今天,WTO能给中国的企业和企业家们带来什么呢? WTO对欧美企业和企业家来讲,只是一个组织。是一个贸易量占全球贸易95％、

为“平安”保驾护航——泰州电信助力“平安泰州”建设纪实

泰州,长江三角洲16座中心城市之一,"中国百佳投资城市",有鱼米之乡、银杏之乡、水产之乡的美誉。2007年,泰州市社会公众安全感认可度达97.6%,居全省前列。截至目前,全市5个市(区)建成"全省社会治安安全县(市、区)",全市90%以上的乡镇(街道)达到平安创建标准。在泰州全面建设小康社会的进程中,中国电信力助"平安泰州"建设,信息化让水乡风光与现代文明交相辉映,为"平安泰州"注入了新的活力。

硅胶球义眼胎植入加自体巩膜加固术的护理

我院在1985年1月至1989年8月间,为168例眼球摘除的病人施行了硅胶球义眼胎植入加自体巩膜加固手术,术后镶装义眼,可使眼窝饱满,义限活动度良好,外观也明显改善,取得了好于以往同类手术的满意效果。本文介绍了手术方法、硅胶球义眼胎的制做与选择;总结了术前术后专科护理的特点、并发症的预防、治疗及应注意的问题;强调了心理护理的重要性。

ANALYSIS OF EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ASTASIA LONGA AND EUGLENA GRACILIS BY USING RAPD TECHNIQUE AND CLADISTIC ANALYSIS

Although both Astasia longa and Euglena gracilis belong to different genera, they share many morphological characters except that A. longa has no chloroplast. In the 1940’s, on the basis of the finding that in darkness or upon addition of some chemicals, E. gracilis would fade reversibly or irreversibly, some scholars hypothesised that A. longa evolved from E. gracilis by losing chloroplast. The authors’ use of RAPD and cladistic analyses in a study on the evolutionary relationship between A .longa and E. gracilis showed that the A. longa ’s relationship with E. gracilis was closer than that with other green euglenoids. This proves the hypothesis that A. longa evolved from E. gracilis is reasonable. The results of this study suggest that saprophytic colorless euglenoids were transformed from green euglenoids by losing their choroplasts.

两种眼位球后注射方法的对比研究

两种眼位球后注射方法的对比研究周金华冯玉荣阎均炎吴红（河南省人民医院眼科郑州市４５０００３）球后注射是眼科临床上一项常见的操作技术。以往临床上采用的球后注射的眼位，注射后常可发生球后出血及眼球结膜下出血等并发症，严重者影响病人的视力。为预防并发症的发...

Recommendation application for video head impulse test based on fuzzy logic control

Vestibulo-ocular reflex(VOR) is an important biological reflex that controls eye movement to ensure clear vision while the head is in motion.Nowadays,VOR measurement is commonly done with a video head impulse test based on a velocity gain algorithm or a position gain algorithm,in which velocity gain is a VOR calculation on head and eye velocity,whereas position gain is calculated from head and eye position.The aim of this work is first to compare the two algorithms' performance and to detect covert catch-up saccade,then to propose a stand-alone recommendation application for the patient's diagnosis.In the first experiment,for ipsilesional and contralesional sides,the calculated position gain(0.94±0.17) is higher than velocity gain(0.84±0.19).Moreover,gain asymmetry of both lesion and intact sides using velocity gain is mostly higher than that from using position gain(four out of five subjects).Consequently,for subjects who have unilateral vestibular neuritis diagnosed from clinical symptoms and a vestibular function test,vestibular weakness is depicted by velocity gain much better than by position gain.Covert catch-up saccade and position gain then are used as inputs for recommendation applications.

The Anti-globalization Movement in the “Eyes” of Journalism： “Global Justice” or “Mind Framing”？

This research examines how the anti-globalization movementI （AGM） is portrayed in the mainstream print media. The study focuses on anti-globalization protest events over a period of seven years following the 1999 Seattle protest, and covers all major protests until the end of 2006. Framing is used to explore how bias is instituted in media texts and whether this pattern is consistent across the corpus. Results of this study reveal that the framing strategies of journalists regarding AGM protests all revolve around two forms of memory-based framing tools： explicit and implicit. Explicit memory-based framing strategies refer to the coverage of previous events whereas implicit strategies involve the use of repeated connotations and metaphors applied consistently over the years, recalling previous insinuations made by a biased media system.

Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Eye Movement Behavior in Flight Simulation

To examine the effect of sleep deprivation （SD） on eye movement be- havior in flight task, four subjects who were skilled in flight simulator participated in the experiment, which were asked to perform a level flight task in a flight simulator. Eye movement data and flight performance data were measured at the following hours： 11：00, 15：00, 04：00, 11：00, 15：00. The subjects workload and fatigue were assessed with the method of national aeronautics and space administration-task load index （NASA-TLX） and rating of perceived exertion （RPE）. Eye movement indices of average pupil area, av- erage saceade amplitude and average saccade velocity decreased during the 32 h of SD and they all showed significantly change in the final SD while the index of average fixa- tion time increased in the final SD. Flight performance deteriorated during the 32 h of SD, but not significantly. The feeling of fatigue and workload reported by subjects both increased during the 32 h of SD. Daily rhythm effects on the measured indices were also found, there were a obviously change at the hour of 04：00. 32 h of SD has obvious effect on eye movement behaviors which have close relation to fatigue because of SD. The eye movement measurement can be served as a tool to continually monitor fatigue online.

Genetic Transformation of Nannochloropsis oculata with a Bacterial Phleomycin Resistance Gene as Dominant Selective Marker

The gene ble from Streptoalloteichus hindustanus is widely used as a selective antibiotic marker. It can control the phleomycin resistance, and significantly increase the tolerance of hosts to zeocin. The unicellular marine microalga Nannochloropsis oculata is extremely sensitive to zeocin. We selected ble as the selective marker for the genetic transformation of N. oculata. After the algal cells at a density of 2× 10^7 cells mL-1 was digested with 4% hemicellulase and 2% driselase for 1 h, the protoplasts accounted for 90% of the total. The ble was placed at the downstream of promoter HSP70A-RUBS2 isolated from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, yielding a recombinant expression construct pMS 188. The construct was transferred into the protoplasts through electroporation （1 kV, 15 μS）. The transformed protoplasts were cultured in fresh f/2 liquid medium, and selected on solid f/2 medium supplemented with 500 ng mL-t zeoein. The PCR result proved that ble existed in the transformants. Three transformants had been cultured for at least 5 generations without losing ble. Southern blotting analysis showed that the ble has been integrated into the genome of N. oculata. The ble will serve as a new dominant selective marker in genetic engineering N. oculata.

Novel mutation c.980_983delATTA compound with c.986C>A mutation of the FRMD7 gene in a Chinese family with X-linked idiopathic congenital nystagmus

Objective:To screen mutations in FERM domain-containing protein 7(FRMD7) gene in two Chinese families with X-linked idiopathic congenital nystagmus(XLICN).Methods:Common ophthalmic data and peripheral blood of two Chinese XLICN families(families A and B) were collected after informed consent.Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood of members of the two families and from 100 normal controls.Mutations in the FRMD7 gene were determined by directly sequencing polymerase chain reaction(PCR) products.Results:We identified a novel mutation c.980_983delATTA compound with c.986C>A mutation in the 11th exon of FRMD7 in family B,and a previously reported splicing mutation c.782G>C(p.R261G) in family A.The mutations were detected in patients and female carriers,while they were absent in other relatives or in the 100 normal controls.Conclusions:Our results expand the spectrum of FRMD7 mutations in association with XLICN,and further confirm that the mutations of FRMD7 are the underlying molecular mechanism for XLICN.

Clinical feature and waveform in infantile nystagmus syndrome in children with FRMD7 gene mutations

Infant nystagmus sydrome presents as involuntary eye movement disorder and can affect seriously ocular function. We performed a retrospective study of clinical data and FRMD7 genetic test results in 12 cases of infantile nystagmus syndrome to correlate waveform, stereopsis, and visual acuity. The patients(age 6.40±2.67 years) had FRMD7 mutations as follows: missense in eight cases, shear in two cases, frameshift in one case, and non-frameshift in one case. Horizontal jerk waveform was observed in six cases, versus horizontal pendulum in five cases and dual jerk in one case. The uncorrected visual acuity(24 eyes) was 0.21±0.12,compared with a corrected visual acuity(24 eyes) of 0.32±0.14. All patients had simultaneous perception, versus fusion function in 10 cases(83.33%) and stereoscopic vision in seven cases(58.33%) using the synoptophore. Eleven cases(91.67%) detected the stereo fly, compared with five cases(41.67%) for stereoscopic circles and seven cases(58.33%) for stereoscopic animals by Titmus test. Stereoscopic vision using the synoptophore did not correlate with the frequency, amplitude, or intensity of nystagmus or with corrected binocular visual acuity. The infantile nystagmus syndrome with FRMD7 mutations in our cases was caused primarily de novo and missense mutations. Visual acuity and binocular visual function were significant impaired, and the waveform was generally horizontal jerk. Also, an infrared videonystagmogram can record the frequency, amplitude, and intensity of nystagmus accurately.

Ocular histopathological changes after eyeball enucleation induced by corneal trauma

Objective:: To observe the ocular histopathological changes after eyeball enucleation induced by corneal trauma. Methods: Light microscopic examination was done on 117 eyeball specimens enucleated after corneal trauma (18 with corneal fissure and 99 with corneal perforating trauma). Results: Acute, subacute or chronic inflammatory changes, and fibrous membrane formation were observed in well-closed corneal wounds, whereas inflammation, atrophy and scar were observed in the focal tissues. But at the late period, secondary glaucoma, retinal detachment, endophthalmitis and eyeball atrophy resulted in blindness. Corneal fistula was observed in those with inadequate cure of wounds caused by ingrowth of corneal epithelium, embedment of iris and vitreous body, and large area of centrally located tissue deficiency of the corneal. A high incidence of endophthalmitis was noted due to the presence of corneal fistula. Severe inflammation was observed in the anterior segmental tissues with fibrous infiltration in the anterior chamber, which might result in rapid destruction of the eyeballs. Conclusions: Ocular pathology varies with the difference of the position, form, size and closing conditions of the corneal laceration after trauma.