浅谈篮球扣篮临场运用及训练的特殊性

浅谈篮球扣篮临场运用及训练的特殊性原坚志１前言扣篮技术是现代篮球运动在高速度、高技艺、高空优势、大力量、强对抗诸方面集中体现的一项综合性技术。它的高、难、精、尖性，使扣篮技术处于篮球运动中的重要位置。运动员要掌握它，除具备身高的优势外，必须有超人的弹...

论游戏教学法在高中篮球课堂上的有效应用

兴趣是激发和保持学生体育行为的主要内部动机,也是培养学生终身体育意识的重要保障。因此,如何通过教学方法上的创新,激发和保持学生在体育课堂上的运动兴趣就显得尤为重要。该文结合高中篮球教学的实际,重点就游戏教学法在高中篮球课堂上的有效运用策略进行探讨。

论抢篮板球的技术结构与训练

个人技术是抢篮板球能力的核心;集体配合是抢篮板球能力的保障;基本功训练是抢篮扳球能力的重要基础。强化技术配合和基本功训练是抢篮板球技术教学与训练的中心内容。

一种提高球载吊篮方位测量精度的校准方法

针对球载吊篮方位角的测量问题,给出了一种磁方位传感器的磁偏角补偿及整机校准方法。首先,通过GPS的数据进行动态补偿,降低了因位置变化而导致的磁偏角误差;而对校准方法的描述和分析,明确了校准过程的操作及提高精度的措施,其中介绍的快速解算地球上任意两点连线真方位角的方法则验证了参考点的真方位角数据,提高了校准结果的可信性。校准数据及结果表明,该方法在一定程度上能减小多种因素的影响,提高传感器测量精度,且计算量小并便于算法实现。

浅谈篮球跑动上篮的教学方法

跑动上篮也称行进间投篮,一般常说的“三步上篮”也是指的这一种.这种投篮可以从球场的各个位置、各种角度跑向篮下,并在跑动中投球上篮,也可通过快速运球冲向篮下起步上篮.跑动上篮是最基本、最常用的一种投篮方法,初学者应着重学习这种投篮技术.跑动上篮是由跑、跳、运球、传球、接球和投篮等多种动作组成的较为复杂的综合性练习,对初学者来说是一种难度较大,不易掌握的技术.因此在教学过程中,一般先使初学者较熟练地掌握上述单个动作后,再安排跑动上篮的教学较为妥当.由于跑动上篮的技术复杂,动作难度较大,初学者经常发生顾此失彼的现象:注意了起步就顾不上接球,注意了接球却又赶不上步;即使勉强完成起步和接球动作,又出现了投篮时身体前冲过大或者球出手用力过猛等不协调动作,影响整个练习的完成.为了使初学者较快地掌握跑动上篮技术,尽量减少不协调现象的发生,我采用了以下教学步骤和方法:一、无球练习(徒手模仿)1.徒手起步接球练习(以下练习均以右手投篮为例)

广州体育中考新政策下足篮排三大球考试问题研究

目前广州体育中考增加了足篮排三大球考试,在此政策背景下对学校体育教学中凸显出来的一些问题进行分析,并找到其对策。研究认为:合班分项教学有利于学生有针对性地学习;丰富体育大课间三大球活动,促进学生有效练习;注重校内课余体育锻炼,鼓励参加社区体育活动;布置家庭作业,加强家校联动;配齐配足三大球专业教师,加强体育师资队伍建设。

我国女篮中锋技术特点研究

运用录像观察法。数理统计等方法,通过对我国女篮中锋运动员在北京奥运会比赛中的进攻技术统计,分析我国女篮中锋运动员在低位背对球篮时的技术特点,找出我国女篮中锋运动员在进攻时技术特点的优势与不足,为今后的日常训练提供有益的参考和借鉴。

Effects of 3 months of full-court and half-court street basketball training on health profile in untrained men

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether street basketball organized as 3 v 3 on either a half court(HC) with 1 basket or a full court(FC) with 2 baskets could improve fitness and health profiles of untrained men after 3 months of supervised training.Methods: Thirty-five untrained men(aged 20—42 years) completed the pre-and post-intervention testing(FC: n = 13, HC: n = 12, CO(control):n = 10). The training attendance was 2.0 ± 0.4 and 1.9 ± 0.3 times per week in FC and HC, respectively. Mean heart rate(HR) was 83.8 ± 6.0 percent of maximal heart rate(%HR_(max)) and 84.5 ± 2.9 %HR_(max) in FC and HC, respectively.Results: The 3 months of street basketball training on an FC with 2 baskets increased maximal oxygen uptake(2.4 mL/min/kg(95% confidence interval(CI): 1.0—3.9)), time to exhaustion(47 s(95%CI: 26—67)), lean body mass(0.8 kg(95%CI: 0.1—1.5)), and bone mineral density(0.021 g/cm^2(95%CI: 0.011—0.031)), whereas mean arterial pressure(—5.6 mm Hg(95%CI: —7.5 to 3.7)), body fat percentage(—1.6%,(95%CI: —2.5 to —0.7)), heart rate(—18 bpm(95%CI: —24 to —12)), and blood lactate(median: —1.4 mmol/L(interquartile range: —1.5 to —0.6)) during submaximal running were lowered. The changes were less pronounced after the training period when playing on an HC with 1 basket, but increases in maximal oxygen uptake(1.6 mL/min/kg(95%CI: —0.1 to 3.3)), time to exhaustion(28 s(95%CI: 9—47)), lean body mass(1.3 kg(95%CI: 0.3—2.4)), and lower body fat percentage(—0.9%(95%CI: —1.9 to —0.1)) were observed in this group.Conclusion: Three months of 3 v 3 street basketball training improved fitness and led to broad-spectrum improvements in variables related to overall health profile, with the most marked effects observed when playing on an FC with 2 baskets.

Temporal changes in physiological and performance responses across game-specific simulated basketball activity

Purpose: The aims of this study were to:(1) provide a comprehensive physiological profile of simulated basketball activity and(2) identify temporal changes in player responses in controlled settings.Methods: State-level male basketball players(n = 10) completed 4 × 10 min simulated quarters of basketball activity using a reliable and valid courtbased test. A range of physiological(ratings of perceived exertion, blood lactate concentration([BLa~—]), blood glucose concentration([BGlu]), heart rate(HR), and hydration) and physical(performance and fatigue indicators for sprint, circuit, and jump activity) measures were collected across testing.Results: Significantly reduced [BLa~—](6.19 ± 2.30 vs. 4.57 ± 2.33 mmol/L; p = 0.016) and [BGlu](6.91 ± 1.57 vs. 5.25 ± 0.81 mmol/L;p = 0.009) were evident in the second half. A mean HR of 180.1 ± 5.7 beats/min(90.8% ± 4.0% HR max) was observed, with a significant increase in vigorous activity(77%—95% HR max)(11.31 ± 6.91 vs. 13.50 ± 6.75 min; p = 0.024) and moderate decrease in near-maximal activity(>95% HR_(max))(7.24 ± 7.45 vs. 5.01 ± 7.20 min) in the second half. Small increases in performance times accompanied by a significantly lower circuit decrement(11.67% ± 5.55% vs. 7.30% ± 2.16%; p = 0.032) were apparent in the second half.Conclusion: These data indicate basketball activity imposes higher physiological demands than previously thought and temporal changes in responses might be due to adapted pacing strategies as well as fatigue-mediated mechanisms.

Lower extremity injury in female basketball players is related to a large difference in peak eversion torque between barefoot and shod conditions

Background： The majority of injuries reported in female basketball players are ankle sprains and mechanisms leading to injury have been debated. Investigations into muscular imbalances in barefoot versus shod conditions and their relationship with injury severity have not been performed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of wearing athletic shoes on muscular strength and its relationship to lower extremity injuries, specifically female basketball players due to the high incidence of ankle injuries in this population. Methods： During pre-season, 11 female collegiate basketball players underwent inversion and eversion muscle strength testing using an iso- kinetic dynamometer in both a barefoot and shod conditions. The difference between conditions was calculated for inversion and eversion peak torque, time to peak torque as well as eversion-to-inversion peak torque percent strength ratio for both conditions. Lower extremity injuries were documented and ranked in severity. The ranked difference between barefoot and shod conditions for peak torque and time to peak torque as well as percent strength ratio was correlated with injury ranking using a Spearman rho correlation （p） with an a level of 0.05. Results： The ranked differences in barefoot and shod for peak eversion and inversion torque at 120°/s were correlated with their injury ranking. Ranking of the athletes based on the severity of injuries that were sustained during the season was found to have a strong, positive relationship with the difference in peak eversion torque between barefoot and shod （p = 0.78; p = 0.02）. Conclusion： It is possible that a large discrepancy between strength in barefoot and shod conditions can predispose an athlete to injury. Nar- rowing the difference in peak eversion torque between barefoot and shod could decrease propensity to injury. Future work should investigate the effect of restoration of muscular strength during barefoot and shod exercise on injury rates.

Quantitative analysis of globularization and modeling of TC17 alloy with basketweave microstructure

The globularization behavior and mechanism of TC17 alloy with basketweave microstructure were investigated, and the models of dynamic and static globularization kinetics were established. The quantitative and metallographic results show that the globularization of α phase is sensitive to the parameters of deformation and heat treatment. By EBSD analysis, the formation and evolution mechanisms of intra-α boundaries are related to discontinuous dynamic recrystallization and continuous dynamic recrystallization, which can form α grains with high and low misorientations between neighbour grains after the heat treatment, respectively. Based on the globularization behavior and mechanism, two modified JMAK models are developed to predict the dynamic and static globularization kinetics, and the mean absolute relative errors(MARE) of 10.67% and 13.80% indicate the accuracy of the dynamic and static globularization kinetics models. The results of this work can provide guidance for controlling microstructure of titanium alloy.

Vision-based behavior prediction of ball carrier in basketball matches

A new vision-based approach was presented for predicting the behavior of the ball carrier—shooting, passing and dribbling in basketball matches. It was proposed to recognize the ball carrier’s head pose by classifying its yaw angle to determine his vision range and the court situation of the sportsman within his vision range can be further learned. In basketball match videos characterized by cluttered background, fast motion of the sportsmen and low resolution of their head images, and the covariance descriptor, were adopted to fuse multiple visual features of the head region, which can be seen as a point on the Riemannian manifold and then mapped to the tangent space. Then, the classification of head yaw angle was directly completed in this space through the trained multiclass LogitBoost. In order to describe the court situation of all sportsmen within the ball carrier’s vision range, artificial potential field (APF)-based information was introduced. Finally, the behavior of the ball carrier—shooting, passing and dribbling, was predicted using radial basis function (RBF) neural network as the classifier. Experimental results show that the average prediction accuracy of the proposed method can reach 80% on the video recorded in basketball matches, which validates its effectiveness.

An Analysis of Physical Fitness Differences in Soccer,Handball,and Basketball

This study focuses on the evaluation of the differences of physical fitness among soccer players, handball players, and basketball players, and the investigation of the physical fitness structures of those players. The participants consisted of 160 elite players selected from university teams. Fourteen tests related to health and motor fitness were conducted. The results were subjected to a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to test the mean vector differences among the three groups of different sport. Nine out of the fourteen tests were of significantly discriminating results regarding to different group, which include side step, abdominal strength, shuttle running, 100m running, pull-up, 1,500m running, trunk flexion, grip strength and broad jump, as determined by a stepwise regression approach. MANOVA showed that there was a significant difference (p<0.001) of the mean vectors of the 9 tests among the three events. Discriminant function analysis showed that three discriminant functions were significant, whose correctness was testified by the classification analysis to be over 80.2%. It is demonstrated that elite handball players are good at agility, elite soccer players are speedy, and successful basketball players apparently possess preeminent muscular strength and endurance.

Moderating variables in the relationship between mental toughness and performance in basketball

Purpose： This study explored the relationship between mental toughness and college basketball performance, specifically examining possible moderating variables （gender and starting status）. Methods： Male and female （n = 197） college basketball players completed the Psychological Performance Inventory-Alternative （PPI-A）, a measure of characteristics and skills consistent with mental toughness, and the PERK an objective measure of basketball performance. Results： Findings suggest that basketball performance can be partially predicted by mental toughness and starting status. Males reported greater mental toughness than females. Starters and nonstarters did not differ in mental toughness. Moderated hierarchical regression analysis indicated that mental toughness was related to performance for male players as both a main effect and interaction with starter status. For female players, in contrast, starter status was the only significant predictor of performance. Practitioners are encouraged to foster the psychological skills associated with mental toughness in females and non-starters in basketball. Conclusion： Discussion of the PPI-A as a measure of mental toughness and suggestions for its improvement are explored. A need exists for additional research on mental toughness and objective performance, as performance enhancement is a major impetus for research on mental toughness. Copyright @ 2012, Shanghai University of Sport. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Structural Systems Composed of Concentric Hoops and Designed for Lightweight Domes of Large Spans

The paper presents a selected group of tension-strut structural systems designed for the construction of lightweight dome covers of large spans, which can be comparatively easy to assembly and have rises of which can be relatively small. This will allow significant decrease costs of erection and maintenance of objects covered by these roof structures. The proposed systems have been obtained from the results of suitable transformations of a chosen type of double-layer space frame and an appropriate arrangement of tetrahedron modules in the space of each of the newly designed type of the structural system. All these systems are built by means of concentric hoops having their own integral spatial stiffness obtained after an appropriate pre-stressing. Particular hoops can be mounted on the ground level and then one by one will be hoisted to the designed positions where they will be connected by means of special sets of the tension members. Due to these structural features, the assembly process of each system should be relatively simple, fast and not expensive. The whole tension-strut structure has to be connected to the compression perimeter ring and suitably pre-stressed. There are presented visualizations of the proposed systems prepared on the basis of the appropriate numerical models especially defined for each particular structure.

Single-handed Shooting Action in Basketball Teaching Techniques Biomechanical Analysis

Basketball shooting technique is the core technology. The shooting angle, basket entering angle, ball＇s rotation, aiming at point, exerting strength cooperatively with the whole body, and flicking the ball using index finger before it leaves from hand are the important factors to decide if the shooting techniques are reasonable and the successful shooting rate is high or not. In this paper, the theory of biomechanics is analyzed around basketball spin on the role of shooting, shooting aiming point selection diversity, difference and its impact on investment and basketball shooting rate.

Present situation and analysis on the training of Chinese basketball talents

At present, China has entered the era of market economy. Reserve youths training system has changed greatly. The training system formed by the planned economy period reserve talents, has been incompatible with the society, resulting in the merchandise of reserve basketball talents. Talented young players have no qualitative progress and there is no highlight on them, so do the player groups. The training of reserve sports talents is being adjusted and converted, and training a great diversity of reserve sports talents will coexist for long. The whole nation training system in the era of the planned economy, through policy intervention, the highly centralized amateur sports school, provincial sports team promoting to the national team management system, guarantees the stability of the sports teams in China, and provides reserve youth force. However, the cultural quality of the athletes and the level of scientific training are not high.

The role of Core strength training on Basketball Players

Core strength training is mainly directed against the entire trunk and pelvic muscles, with special emphasis on training those in the deep small muscle group. Human torso plays an important role of rigid connection during exercise. It can effectively converge and integrate the power of the body parts, which plays a strong leverage for the athletes of the coordinated development of motor skills. As far as basketball is concerned, strong core strength can be more stable, and cab fix basketball athlete＇ s body posture, integrating the body organically with the development of all aspects, and making the upper and lower extremities more coordinated with each other, helping improve athletic level.