基于球面特征的点云配准方法研究

针对多视点云的配准问题,提出了基于球面特征的自动配准方法。在测量的零件周围固定标准球,把零件和标准球作为一个整体进行点云测量。用球面拟合的方法求解标准球的球心坐标,并在待配准点云的球心坐标中搜索对应点,从而计算粗配准中的旋转矩阵和平移矩阵,实现点云的粗配准,采用融入球心坐标信息的改进的ICP算法(迭代最近点法)实现点云的精配准。这种方法大大缩少了粗配准中对应点的搜索范围,并实现了自动配准,提高了配准效率,改进的ICP算法增强了配准算法的鲁棒性,实例证明该方法有效。

改进的Hough变换提取点云数据球面特征

提出一种改进的Hough变换用于提取点云数据中的球面特征。该方法运用"4点定位法"与Hough变换基本方法相结合,可以快速定位球心坐标和球半径并提取出球面点。为验证方法的有效性,通过Matlab建立含噪点云仿真模型,对基本方法和改进算法进行比较。实验结果表明,提取点云数据的球面特征采用改进Hough变换算法速度更快、效率更高。

基于CMAC神经网络的手写体文字识别技术

基于神经网络的稳定性并且区分度高的特点,提出基于CMAC神经网络的文字识别技术,做出手写体文字识别系统界面,为理论的实用性提供了保证。仿真结果表明,文中提出的CMAC文字识别解决方案在文字识别率和文字特征提取技术两个方面上都有提高,同时也说明该方法可以推广到任何相似符号的区分上。

多封闭区间三维模型的骨架提取与检索

提出了动态邻接封闭区间连接方法以及基于球面特征的检索方法.依据模型封闭区间的位置关系以及所占比重对原模型的多个封闭区间进行连接,将原模型合并成一个封闭区间,计算模型各点的#值,即测地线距离函数值,分裂区间,聚合成骨架点,去除冗余点得到连通的骨架;以#值最小的骨架点为球心,在骨架上建立N个球面,提取球面相交的特征用于检索.实验结果表明,本文算法能有效提取多封闭区间三维模型骨架,提高三维模型的查准率.

AVO Character Research of Natural Gas Hydrates in the East China Sea

Natural gas hydrates are considered as strategic resources with commercial potential in the 21st century. Obvious BSR characteristics will be shown on seismic profiles, if there exist natural gas hydrates. The AVO method is one of the methods which can be used to identify and forecast lithologic characteristics and fluid properties by using the relationship between Amplitude and Offset. AVO anomaly is one of the significant signs to check out whether or not there is free gas below the BSR, so it can be used to detect natural gas hydrates from the seismic profile. Considering the geological and geophysical characteristics of the Okinawa Trough and making use of the techniques mentioned above, we can conclude that the conditions there are favorable for the formation and concentration of natural gas hydrates. By analyzing the data collected from the study area, one can discover many different anomalous phenomena on the seismic profile which are related to the existence of natural gas hydrates. Preliminary estimation of the natural gas hydrates in the Okinawa Trough shows that the trough is rich in natural gas hydrates and may become a potential important resources exploration area.

Element geochemical characteristics of a soil profile developed on dolostone in central Guizhou, southern China: implications for parent materials

This study presents bulk chemical compositions of the Tongmuling soil profile, which developed on dolostone, and the overlying strata covering the bedrock in the central Guizhou province(southern China). The chemical weathering characteristics of the studied profile were investigated and the inheritance relationships between the terra rossa and overlying strata were discussed. The results show that there is no remarkable variation in the major elements and weathering indices from the rock–soil interface to the topsoil, indicating that the studied profile was not typical for in situ crustal chemical weathering. The terra rossa were mainly composed of Si O_2, Al_2O_3 and Fe_2O_3. Compared with the insoluble residues and overlying strata, the terra rossa are characterized by an enrichment of Y and Cs and depletion of Ba and Sr. The subsoil shows a notable Ce negative anomaly, characterized by heavy rare earth element enrichment(L/H = 1.55–3.74), whereas the topsoil shows a positive Ce anomaly with light rare earth element enrichment(L/H = 5.93–9.14). According to Laterite-forming capacity estimates, the terra rossa could not have only been formed from acid-insoluble residues from the bedrock; Al_2O_3 versus Fe_2O_3and Nb plotted against Ta show significant positive correlations between the terra rossa and overlying strata. The Eu/Eu* versusGd_N/Yb_Nand ternary diagrams for Sc, Th, Zr, and Ta suggest that the overlying strata could also provide parent materials for the genesis of terra rossa.

On the Blaschke isoparametric hypersurfaces in the unit sphere with three distinct Blaschke eigenvalues

An immersed umbilic-free submanifold in the unit sphere is called Blaschke isoparametric if its Mobius form vanishes identically and all of its Blaschke eigenvalues are constant. In this paper, we give a complete classification for all Blaschke isoparametric hypersurfaces with three distinct Blaschke eigenvalues.

Working models for the gravitational field of Phobos

Models for the gravitational field of Mars moon Phobos were developed using the latest shape model and assuming homogeneous density distribution.Three methods were applied in our study.Comparisons were made between these methods and all were shown to yield consistent results.Notably,the most accurate shape model of Phobos to date,complete up to degree and order 17 was used for the first time in our analysis.A set of spherical harmonic coefficients up to degree and order 17 were derived for the gravitational field of Phobos.Also considered was the gravitational field on the surface of Phobos.Typical characteristics as well as some pronounced surface features of this irregular-shaped small body could be conveniently identified.The results are readily applicable for such purposes as spacecraft orbit analysis and assessing the dynamical environment of Phobos.